Publication: Desde la semántica hasta la semiótica: una página de la temprana historia intelectual soviética
Authors
Velmezova, Ekaterina
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Publisher
Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones
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Description
Abstract
Este artículo aborda un episodio particular de la (pre)historia de la semiótica en la Unión Soviética
de los años veinte y treinta del siglo pasado. En ese entonces, entre los lingüistas se hizo el intento
por crear una ciencia “integral”, y entre ellos N. Ja. Marr fue uno de los más conocidos.
Las diversas leyes semánticas formuladas por Marr podrían ser reformuladas para ser aplicadas a
otras disciplinas (como es el caso de los estudios literarios, la antropología, la arqueología o la
biología), o “validadas” con base en los hechos o descubrimientos extraídos de ellas. Otra “prueba”
de que dichas teorías lingüísticas fueron enmendadas se encuentra en la posibilidad de transmisión
de ciertos modelos y esquemas correspondientes de un campo del conocimiento a otro. En esa
época, el rechazo a establecer una clara separación metodológica entre disciplinas primariamente relacionadas con “la materia” y disciplinas que fueran más de tipo “espiritual” fue una tendencia
importante no sólo para los académicos de la Unión Soviética, sino también en otros países.
The paper focuses on a particular episode in the (pre)history of semiotics in the USSR in the 1920s1930s. At that time, an attempt to create an “integral” science was made by linguists, among whom N. Ja. Marr was one of the best-known. Several semantic laws formulated by Marr could be either reformulated in order to be applied to other disciplines (literary studies, anthropology, archeology, biology) or “proved” by the facts or discoveries drawn from them. Another “proof” that these linguistic theories were correct consisted in the possibility of transferring the corresponding models and schemes from one field of knowledge to another: at that epoch the refusal to make a clear methodological separation between disciplines which were primarily concerned with “matter” and those that were more “spiritual” was an important tendency for scholars both in the Soviet Union and in other countries.
The paper focuses on a particular episode in the (pre)history of semiotics in the USSR in the 1920s1930s. At that time, an attempt to create an “integral” science was made by linguists, among whom N. Ja. Marr was one of the best-known. Several semantic laws formulated by Marr could be either reformulated in order to be applied to other disciplines (literary studies, anthropology, archeology, biology) or “proved” by the facts or discoveries drawn from them. Another “proof” that these linguistic theories were correct consisted in the possibility of transferring the corresponding models and schemes from one field of knowledge to another: at that epoch the refusal to make a clear methodological separation between disciplines which were primarily concerned with “matter” and those that were more “spiritual” was an important tendency for scholars both in the Soviet Union and in other countries.
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