Publication: La profesionalización de los ejércitos consulares : antecedentes, planteamiento y consecuencias de las reformas de Cayo Mario sobre la realidad políticomilitar del periodo tardorrepublicano
Authors
López Manzanera, José Manuel
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Publisher
Universidad de Murcia, CEPOAT
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Description
Abstract
Durante el siglo II a.C. el ejército romano se vio sumido en una profunda crisis interna, la cual se ha
considerado una consecuencia natural del recientemente implantado expansionismo republicano. La puesta
en marcha de campañas militares sobre escenarios cada vez más alejados y durante intervalos de tiempo cada
vez más extensos tuvo efectos negativos sobre las bases del reclutamiento, reduciéndose de manera exponencial
la disponibilidad de recursos humanos que cumplieran los requerimientos básicos para poder participar en las
levas. Tales deficiencias fueron resueltas con éxito por el militar y político Cayo Mario, quien en el año 107 a.C.
ideó un programa de reformas cuya ejecución supondría una ruptura con respecto a los modelos heredados de
periodos anteriores, abandonando la tradicional milicia de componente ciudadano y dando paso a contingentes
de formación profesional.
During the second century BC the Roman army experienced a deep internal crisis, which has been seen as a natural consequence of the newly established republican expansionism. The launching of military campaigns in ever more distant theatres and for longer periods of time had negative effects on the basis of recruitment, exponentially reducing the availability of human resources that met the basic requirements for participation in the levies. These shortcomings were successfully addressed by the military man and politician Gaius Marius, who in 107 BC devised a programme of reforms, the implementation of which would lead to a break with the models inherited from previous periods, abandoning the traditional citizen militia and giving way to professionally trained contingents.
During the second century BC the Roman army experienced a deep internal crisis, which has been seen as a natural consequence of the newly established republican expansionism. The launching of military campaigns in ever more distant theatres and for longer periods of time had negative effects on the basis of recruitment, exponentially reducing the availability of human resources that met the basic requirements for participation in the levies. These shortcomings were successfully addressed by the military man and politician Gaius Marius, who in 107 BC devised a programme of reforms, the implementation of which would lead to a break with the models inherited from previous periods, abandoning the traditional citizen militia and giving way to professionally trained contingents.
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Cayo Mario , Novus homo , Cónsul , República Tardía , Ejército , Reformas , Gaius Marius , Novus homo , Consul , Late Republic , Army , Reforms
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