Histology and histopathology Vol. 4, nº 2 (1989)
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- PublicationOpen AccessStructural changes in glomeruli and proteinuria in streptozotocin diabetic rats(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1989) Al-Awadi, Farida M.; Al-Adnani, M. S.In streptozotocin induced diabetes in rats, excretion of urinary protein fractions were studied in relation to structural changes in the renal glomeruli, using light and transmission electron microscopy. After six weeks of induced diabetes only 01 and B2 plasma globulins were significantly elevated. The amount of excreted proteins and degree of glomerular changes were not proportional. In the initial stages (1-2 weeks) glomerular structural changes were very mild and were accompanied by significantly elevated proteinuria. This progressed (4-8 weeks) to moderate to prominent structural changes with intermittent proteinuria except for the fractions 01 & B2 which were elevated throughout the duration of the experiment. The amount of proteinuria was not proportional to changes in the plasma protein levels. The following conclusions may be made: 1) The mild early glomerular abnormalities seem to be mainly due to acute metabolic disturbances. 2) An early indication of diabetic nephropathy is provided not only by albuminuria, but may also be an elevated excretion of betaglobulin fractions. 3) Decrease of albuminuria in the later stages of diabetes may be related to the deposition of albumin as a basement membrane - like material in the mesangium.
- PublicationOpen AccessA histopathological and morphometrical study of femur head cartilage in Wistar rats treated with prednisolone(1989) Barrueco, J. L.; Gázquez, A.; Redondo, E.; Roncero, V.; Durán, E.An analysis was made of histopathological developments in femur head cartilage in a group of Wistar rats receiving a daily intra-muscular injection of 2.5 mg prednisolone. This group was divided into four experimental batches, each consisting of 6 rats. Batches were sacrificed at 15,30,60 and 90 days after the start of the experiment. Degeneration of the femur head cartilage was observed from the start of the experiment (15 days), and gave rise to chondrocyte necrosis by 90 days. Structural modifications are shown morphologically and morphometrically.
- PublicationOpen AccessSEM and TEM study of caprine superficial lymph nodes(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1989) Faroon, O. M.; Henry, R. W.; Al-Bagdadi, F.K.The splenic capsule was characteristic, having dense connective tissue. Smooth muscle cells and unmyelinated nerve fibers were observed. Smooth muscle cells were found to be independent of blood vessels in both the capsule and trabeculae. Littoral cells separated the capsule from the subcapsular sinus. Highly branched reticular cells were associated with the sinuses. The cellular components (large and small lymphocytes, plasma and mast cells, and macrophages) of the cortex and medulla were observed and described. No Golgi apparatus was observed in small lymphocytes and two surface types (rough and smooth) were observed on lymphocytes. Russell bodies were not observed in plasma cells. The paracortical postcapillary venule had cuboidal endothelium with microvilli. Two shapes of lymphocytes were seen associated with the endothelium of postcapillary venules.
- PublicationOpen AccessThymoma: A clinico pathological study of 21 cases and assessment of prognostic features(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1989) Menon, R. S.; Umar, M. H.; Geel, A. N. van; Murcia : F. HernándezThis is a retrospective and comprehensive study of 21 cases of thymoma treated during a period of 30 years (1954-1984). The tumors were staged into 3 categories: stage 1 for encapsulated completely resectable tumor, stage 2 for nonresectable intrathoracic tumor and stage 3 for tumor with extrathoracic spread. According to their lymphocytic content tumors were separated into 3 groups: 1) predominantly epithelioid (PE); 2) mixed cellular (MC) and predominantly limphocytic (PL). Incidence of recurrence and survival were correlated with various treatment modalities. The tumor occurred in al1 age groups with highest incidence in the fourth decade. Six cases were asymptomatic. Myasthenia gravis was present only in one case. The most important prognostic factor was the stage of the tumor. Five-year survival was 69% for stage 2 and 0% for stage 3. Al1 12 patients who died with evidence of residual disease had PE tumors. Lymphocytic participation might be indicative of a residual functional competence and appears to confer a more favourable prognosis. This is a tumor of uncertain malignant potential which should be excised or debulked. and staged. Post-operative radiotherapy appears to prevent recurrence and improve the prognosis in stage 2. No therapeutic benefits were seen in the stage 3 cases. The value of chemotherapy is uncertain.
- PublicationOpen AccessUltrastructure and light microscopical study of a Leydig cell tumor of the testis associated with bilateral gynaecomastia(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1989) Muro, M. Moreno; Menchero, S. Coca; Pelegrín, J. A. Martos; Hernández, A. IzquierdoLight and electronmicroscopic study of a Leydig cell testicular tumor in an 18-year-old male is presented. Bilateral gynaecomastia and normal hormonal blood levels were found. Emphasis on the diagnostic value of electronmicroscopy is remarked upon, based on the following ultrastructural characteristics of the cells; 1) Ovoid shaped nuclei with ondulating contours and dispersed and homogeneous chromatin, 2) Rich agranular endoplasmic reticulum with frequent special modifications, such as membranous whorls with a central cytoplasmic mass or lipid droplets, 3) Numerous mitochondria with occasional tubular cristae, 4) Numerous lipid vacuoles. Other structures also identified in this tumor are Reinke crystalloids, cytoplasmic microbodies, myelin figures, gap-type junctional complexes and paracrystalline inclusions of Payer type E, which are less common.