Histology and histopathology Vol. 3, nº 4 (1988)
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- PublicationOpen AccessThe lectin binding pattern of normal and pathologically altered synovial tissue(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1988) Zschabitz, A.; Stofft, E.Light-microscopical lectin-binding studies were carried out in healthy and pathologically altered synovial tissue (osteoarthrosis, rheumatoid arthritis (RA)). Seven lectins were studied: Con A, DBA, PNA, RCA, SBA, UEA-1, and WGA. Con A and WGA mark al1 lining cells and the majority of subintimal synovial cells. RCA and SBA stain only a portion of lining cells, regardless of the basic pathology. The lectin PNA reacts only with RA and arthrotic material, and is thus suitable for the diagnosis of inflammatory changes in synovial tissue. UEA-1 is a consistent marker for capillary endothelium and large vessels.
- PublicationOpen AccessElectron microscopic pathological patterns of alveolar septum in acute dextran-induced and alloxan-induced pulmonary edema in dogs(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1988) Koji Nakahara; Michio Arakawa; Kenjiro Kambara; Hiroshi Oda; Senri Hirakawa; Shizuko Shoumura; Hideo IsonoWe studied the incidence of electron microscopic pathological patterns of the alveolar septum observed 30 min after induction of pulrnonary edema by dextran-70 infusion (6 dogs, dextran group) and by alloxan injection (6 dogs, alloxan group). For comparable amounts of extravascular lung water in both dextran and alloxan groups, which were twice as much as control group (6 dogs), we characterized the pathological changes. The incidence of the electron microscopic pathological patterns that appeared in dextran group compared with that in control group was significantly high in terms of the widening of the interstitial space. dispersion and disarray of collagen fibrils, and erythrocytes in the interstitial space. The incidence in alloxan group compared with that in control group was significantly high in terms of the swelling of epithelial cells and endothelial cells as well as the widening of the interstitial space, and dispersion and disarray of collagen fibrils. We conclude that dextran causes interstitial changes exclusively and alloxan causes cellular changes primarily coupled with secondary interstitial changes in acute pulmonary edema.
- PublicationOpen AccessNeuroendocrine lung structures and tumours, immunohistochemical study by specific markers(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1988) Mosca, L.; Barbareschi, M.; Mauri, M.F.; Munguia-Barrera, J.; Frigo, B.; Muscara, M.; Valentini, L.; Mariscotti, C.Out of 360 lungs or lobes surgically removed, 13 non neoplastic specimens and 16 neuroendocrine (NE) tumours are investigated with immunohistochemical methods, in order to evaluate the presence of NE structures in normal and pathological human lungs. The markedused are neuron specific enolase (NSE), chromogranin (CG) and the 80 kd antigen (80 kdAg) of NE secretory granules detected by the new monoclonal Phe-5 antibody. In nonneoplastic lung specimens, clearcut immunoreactivity for al1 three markers appears in NE cells, neuroepithelial bodies (NEB), NE cell-hyperplasias and dysplasias. In the same specimens 4 tumourlets with analogous clearcut immunoreactivities were also observed. The NE tumours show distinct immunoreactivity for al1 three antisera in the 8 well differentiated cases. The 8 poorly differentiated tumours are variably immunoreactive for NSE and present low to ni1 staining with antisera to CG and 80 kdAg. The immunohistochemical data are interpreted according to current views about a possible relationship between NE tumours and parent normal NE lung structures.
- PublicationOpen AccessEffects of long-term hypothyroidism in the morphology and synaptic organization of cerebellar ectopic granule cells(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1988) Madeira, M.D.; Azevedo, F.P.; Paula-Barbosa, M.M.Abundant ectopic granule cells scattered in the cerebellar molecular layer have been observed in 30- day-old hypothyroid rats. Their morphological features indicate that they must be regarded as mature heterotopic cells arrested during their migration towards the granular layer. As their impoverished dendritic trees are identical to those seen in controls, it is unlikely that the lack of thyroid hormones played a major role in the deficient dendritic outgrowth. The study of 180-day-old hypothyroid rats revealed that although ectopic granule cells remained quite numerous, their number per unit surface was lesser than in the 30-day-old hypothyroid group. This finding may be related to the capacity displayed by heterotopic neurons to establish synaptic contacts with the components of the molecular layer. This was inferred by the presente of a peculiar synaptic cell investment formed by axosomatic and somatodendritic contacts in 180-day-old hypothyroid rats which shows that the surviving ectopic granule cells manage to adapt to an adverse milieu.
- PublicationOpen AccessElectron microscopic observations on the formation of elastic fibres in cultures of aortic medial cells and adventitial cells(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1988) Masumi Akita; Katsuji Kaneko; Merker, H. J.The formation of elastic fibres was observed in the cultured cells derived from the tunica media and the tunica adventitia of mouse aorta. Bundles of myofilaments with dense bodies were abundantly observed in the cytoplasm of the cultured media1 cells, and numerous bundles of microfibrillar components were present in the intercellular spaces. Fine granules of approximately 50 nm in diameter were observed in the bundles of microfibrillar components. lt was supposed that these fine granules of elastin fused with each other and formed elastic aggregates and then formed large elastic clumps. Numerous bundles of microfibrillar components were also present in the intercellular spaces of the cultured adventitial cells. Elastic aggregates were scarcely observed in the bundles of microfibrillar components. However, large elastic clumps as observed in the media1 cell culture could not be found in the adventitial cell culture. It is suggested that the formation of large elastic clumps might be related to the sheet structures or lamellae of elastic fibres in the tunica media.
- PublicationOpen AccessStructural and ultrastructural hepatic changes in experimental canine leishmaniasis(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1988) González, J.L.; Rollán, E.; Novoa, C.; Castaño, M.Six 4 month-old beagles were inoculated with Leishmania donovani infantum, three of them intraperitoneally (Group A) and the other three intravenously (Group B). The animals from Group A were killed 109, 433 and 592 days after inoculation and animals from Group B 109, 171 and 334 after inoculation. The liver of each of them was examined by means of light and electron microscopy. The lesions observed in both groups were very similar, but developed more rapidly in Group B. A chronic hepatitis appeared due to infection, characterized by the presence of multiple intralobular granulomas and portal inflammatory infiltrates consisting of lymphocytes, plasmocytes and macrophages with a variable number of amastigotes. The Kupffer cells were hyperplastic and contained parasites in their cytoplasm. Gradually the hepatocytes developed a progressive cellular swelling. which during the end-stages of the process showed itself with severe nuclear degeneration, disintegration of cytoplasmic organelles, enlargement of the cytoplasmic matrix and disruption of the plasma membranes, leading to cytolysis.
- PublicationOpen AccessAbnormal development of the notochord and perinotochordal sheath in duplicitas posterior, patch and tail-short mice(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1988) Center, Elizabeth M.; Marcus, Normala M.; Wilson, D.B.Interest in developmental interactions involving the notochord and perinotochordal sheath led to a comparative investigation of these structures in three mouse mutants. Alcian blue or periodic acid-Schiff staining of 9 1/2-13 days' gestational age embryos revealed a supernumerary notochordal-like mass of cells or a deflected notochord in association with duplication of the neural tube in mice of the duplicitas posterior stock. The perinotochordal sheath and basement membrane of the accessory notochordal masses were frequently defective. Patch and Tail-short embryos were also utilized for study by means of light rnicroscopy using Alcian blue staining. In Patch embryos, although the notochord was sometimes compressed dorso-ventrally . it had an intact perinotochordal sheath and a defined, but undulated, basement membrane. Mesenchymal cells between the notochord and neural tube were occasionally replaced by cell-free space. In contrast, in Tail-short embryos a poorly formed, lightly staining or totally absent notochordal sheath was revealed. Indeed, it was sometimes difficult to distinguish the notochord from surrounding mesenchymal cells. In both the Patch and Tail-short embryos the notochord was also deflected from its media1 position. In the three mutants studied, the director indirect effect of gene action appeared to be on the notochord and perinotochordal sheath. and the important role of these structures in abnormal axial development was established.
- PublicationOpen AccessLeiomyosarcomas, Three cases with desmin positive tumour cells, lacking ultrastructural features of smooth muscle cells(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1988) Roholl, Paul J.M.; De Jong, Anton S.H.; Albus-Luttei, Cherry E.; van Unnik, Jan A.M.A combined study of light and electron microscopy and of immunolabelling of three pleomorphic spindle cell sarcomas is presented. The light and electron microscopic features of these sarcomas were most compatible with those described for malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH, pleomorphic-storiform subtype). Electronmicroscopically undifferentiated and fibroblastlike cells, fibrohistiocytes and multinucleated histiocytes were observed. Characteristics belonging to smooth - - muscle cells were absent. By immunostaining, vimentin and desmin could be obseived in tumour Glls of al1 three cases, at least on frozen sections. Other markers such as alpha,- antichymotrypsin, S-100 proteins, laminin. collagen IV and markers specific for skeletal muscle cells (myoglobin, actin and myosin specific for skeletal muscle) could not be demonstrated. These findings indicate that three MFH's are, in fact, poorly differentiated variants of smooth muscle tumours. It is concluded that immunophenotyping is very useful for this type of neoplasm.
- PublicationOpen AccessEffects of relaxin on the microvasculature of mouse mammary gland(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1988) Bani, Gastone; Bani-Sacchi, Tatiana; Bigazzi, Mario; Bianchi, StefanoThe effects of RLX on the microvasculature of the mouse mammary gland are reported. RLX (pure porcine standard NIH-RXN-P1) at a dose of 3 GPU was administered subcutaneously to virgin adult mice ovariectomized 12 days before. The mammary glands were removed 18-20 h after RLX injection and their examination by light microscopy did not reveal any substantial growth-response to the hormone . Histology and morphometry indicated striking dilation of microvessels, especially capillaries. and electron microscopy revealed an increase in the micropinocytotic vesicles, thus suggesting enhanced transendothelial transport of substances. Such phenomena, which were independent of a release of granules by mast cells, may represent an important component of the mammotrophic action of RLX.
- PublicationOpen AccessChanges in bone mineralization pattern, a response to local stimulus in maxilla and mandible of dogs(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1988) Buchanan, Mary; Sandhu, H.S.; Anderson, ColinA pilot study was carried out in order to verify the pattern of changes in mineralization of bone in the maxillas and mandibles of dogs which had a tooth extraction or luxation. Bone mineral content was determined using computerized microdensitometry. Significant changes in patterns of mineralization were found for alveolar bone, cortical bone and trabecular bone at the sites adjacent to the area of operation. These findings suggest that the three envelopes of jaw bones of the dogs are influenced by Regional activation phenomenon (RAP). These results have important implications for the design of clinical studies of periodontium. A more detailed study should elucidate the cellular mechanisms by which these changes occur.
- PublicationOpen AccessInfluence of age on the production of rat spermatozoa, on their concentration in the cauda epididymidis, and on FSH, LH and testosterone plasma levels(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1988) Larnano Carvalho, T.L.; Favaretto, A.L.V.; Kornesu, M.C.; Lopes, R.A.; Petenusci, S.O.; Silva-Netto, C.RTestis samples were taken from young (3 months), middle-aged (12 months) and aged (24 months) male rats, processed, stained and examined via a light microscope. There were no prominent anormal germina1 epithelium and interstitial tissue. However, the aging process promoted a significant decrease in the mean amount of spermatids 19 per cross tubular section, and in the amount of Sertoli cells per cross tubular section in 24-month-old rats. The concentration of spermatozoa in the cauda epididymidis showed a gradual decrease from 3 to 12 and 24 months. After hCG injection al1 groups of animals exhibited an increase in plasma testosterone level, although the response was smaller in 12- and 24-month animals compared to the young mature (3 months) ones.
- PublicationOpen AccessDense cored vesicles in presynaptic profiles of the rabbit dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1988) Contamina, P.; Ariño, M.P.; Parra, P.; Martínez Millán, L.We are carrying out a study about the synaptic relations between identified synaptic profiles in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of the rabbit. Here. the types of synaptic vesicle containing profiles of the dLGN are described. There are presynaptic large profiles containing round vesicles and pale mitochondria (RLP terminals) and small profiles that contain round vesicles and dark mitochondria (RSD termiilals) which respectively arise from the retina and the visual cortes. Another type of presynaptic profile contains elliptical vesicles (F-boutons) which can be subdivided according to their cytoplasmic content. These F-boutons arise from dLGN interneurons. We have found different sized vesicles that have a dense core within RLP, and F terminals rind a possible RSD terminal. The significance of the coesistance of pale and dense cored vesicles in the presynaptic profiles of the rabbit dLGN is discussed.