Publication: Reliable and sensitive analytical platform to assess dietary exposure of pigs to mycotoxins and explore potential urinary biomarkers
Authors
Castell Martínez, Ana ; Arroyo Manzanares, Natalia ; Campillo Seva, Natalia ; Sanz Fernández, Santos ; Rodríguez Estévez, Vicente ; Roquet, Josep ; González, Antonio ; Fenoll, José ; Viñas López-Pelegrin, Pilar
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Publisher
Elsevier
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2024.127441
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
A reliable and sensitive analytical platform is proposed for the assessment of pig exposure to mycotoxins through the consumption of commercial feed. A total of 48 naturally contaminated feed and 55 urine samples collected from eight Spanish farms were analyzed using a fast and simple methodology based on solid-liquid extraction (SLE) or liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME). High-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was used for the targeted analysis of 27 mycotoxins from different families in both matrices achieving limits of quantification in a range of 0.019–73.5 ng/g in feed and 0.011–31.7 ng/mL in urine. All feed samples showed contamination with at least 7 mycotoxins. Enniatins (A, A1, B and B1) and beauvericin were quantified in 100 % of feed samples. ENNB, tenuazonic acid (TeA) and deoxynivalenol (DON) were the mycotoxins with the highest mean total concentrations (1.0 ± 1.9 μg/g, 155 ± 209 ng/g and 81 ± 94 ng/g, respectively). In urine samples, DON, TeA, ENNB1 and ENNA were the most prevalent mycotoxins; and TeA, fumonisin B1 and alternariol had the highest mean total concentration (133 ± 199 ng/mg, 0.43 ± 1.3 μg/mg and 0.29 ± 1.3 μg/mg creatinine, respectively). Statistical tests revealed the correlation of DON and TeA occurrence in feed and urine. Untargeted analysis byHPLC coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer (Q-TOF-MS) yielded some urinary biomarkers of mycotoxin exposure and other relevant compounds such as certain antibiotic residues in urine.
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Citation
Talanta, 2025, Vol. 286 : 127441
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