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- PublicationOpen AccessVivir con el arte, un cambio social(Editoriales Iberoamericanos Ltda, 2021-11-11) Ana Belén Martínez Blázquez; Belmonte Almagro, María Luisa; López Martínez, María Dolores; Expresión Plástica, Musical y DinámicaThe following text shows the evolution that the concept of Art has undergone, which from its origins was understood as a way of capturing reality, however, as time has gone by, it has acquired the function of social transformation. Likewise, artistic activity is a great resource that is within the reach of any user and, in conjunction with the participation of people, it favors the social integration of those who for whatever reason are socially excluded. The aim of this article is to make visible the power of art as a resource for social integration for all groups, but especially for people with diverse abilities. Emphasis is placed on the artistic stages generated during the last two centuries and how the evolution of art from its perspective of social development has given rise to the different approaches, Contemporary Art Education, Art Therapy, Art Mediation and Community Art, existing in the educational, rehabilitative, social and community fields to empower collectivities especially vulnerable to the risk of exclusion. Artistic practice is verified as a predominant factor in the activities carried out in the Intellectual Disability Associations, therefore, the benefits that occur to these groups, the fact of carrying them out, whether at a physical, psychological or social level, are reviewed, then, several artistic experiences created by people with Intellectual Disability are shown.
- PublicationOpen AccessCircadian transcriptome oscillations in human adipose tissue depend on napping status and link to metabolic and inflammatory pathways(Oxford University Press, 2024-07-12) Rodríguez Martín, María; Pérez Sanz, Fernando; Zambrano, Carolina; Luján, Juan; Ryden, Mikael; Scheer, Frank A. J. L.; Garaulet Aza, Marta; Fisiología; Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de BiologíaStudy Objectives Napping is a common habit in many countries. Nevertheless, studies about the chronic effects of napping on obesity are contradictory, and the molecular link between napping and metabolic alterations has yet to be studied. We aim to identify molecular mechanisms in adipose tissue (AT) that may connect napping and abdominal obesity. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we extracted the RNA repeatedly across 24 hours from cultured AT explants and performed RNA sequencing. Circadian rhythms were analyzed using six consecutive time points across 24 hours. We also assessed global gene expression in each group (nappers vs. non-nappers). Results With napping, there was an 88% decrease in the number of rhythmic genes compared to that in non-nappers, a reduction in rhythm amplitudes of 29%, and significant phase changes from a coherent unimodal acrophase in non-nappers, towards a scattered and bimodal acrophase in nappers. Those genes that lost rhythmicity with napping were mainly involved in pathways of glucose and lipid metabolism, and of the circadian clock. Additionally, we found differential global gene expression between nappers and non-nappers with 34 genes down- and 32 genes upregulated in nappers. The top upregulated gene (IER3) and top down-regulated pseudogene (VDAC2P2) in nappers have been previously shown to be involved in inflammation. Conclusions These new findings have implications for our understanding of napping’s relationship with obesity and metabolic disorders.
- PublicationOpen AccessOptimal nap timing and body mass index: beyond duration(BioMed Central, 2026-04-01) Longo Silva, Giovana; Rodríguez Martín, María; Salmerón Martínez, Diego; Scheer, Frank A. J. L.; Garaulet Aza, Marta; Fisiología; Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de BiologíaBackground Overweight and obesity continue to rise globally, and sleep has emerged as an important behavioral determinant of body weight. While nighttime sleep has been widely studied, the role of daytime napping—especially nap timing—remains unclear. Existing research relies on clock time, which may not reflect individual rhythms. This study investigates whether nap timing referenced to daily events is associated with BMI in two adult populations of habitual nappers (Spain and Brazil). Secondary aims included the association of nap duration and weekend–weekday differences in nap timing and duration with BMI. Methods Habitual nappers (n = 3550) aged 18–65 years were studied. Nap timing was calculated relative to wake time and lunch time. As secondary analyses, nap duration and weekend–weekday differences in nap timing (nap jet lag) and in nap duration were evaluated. Linear regression and restricted cubic spline models were applied. Results BMI and excess weight prevalence were similar between countries. Compared with Spaniards, Brazilians showed earlier naps (by >2 h), longer weekend naps (by 13 min), and greater nap jet lag (by 23 min) (all p < 0.001). Despite these differences, no significant interactions by country were observed in nap–BMI associations, and data were pooled. Nap timing relative to wake and lunch displayed L-shaped associations with BMI: the highest BMI corresponded to early naps (~3h after waking and ~2h before lunch), whereas the lowest BMI (i.e. the inflection points) occurred when naps were 7h18min after wake (β = −0.48 kg/m2 per hour before the inflection point, p = 0.001) and 1h15min after lunch (β = −0.53 kg/m2 per hour before the inflection point, p = 0.031). Shorter and more consistent nap duration across the week was associated with lower BMI (p < 0.05). Conclusions Findings highlight nap timing as a novel behavioral factor associated with BMI, warranting further longitudinal research to explore its potential causal role.
- PublicationOpen AccessImpact of whole-herd vaccination on a caprine coxiellosis outbreak: a longitudinal study of Coxiella burnetii shedding, serology, and host microbiota(Frontiers Media, 2026-06-03) Toledo-Perona, Raquel; Gomis, Jesús; Bailon-Larrañaga, Nerea; Contreras de Vera, Antonio; Quereda, Juan José; González-Torres, Pedro; Carrón, Nerea; Gómez Marín, Ángel; Sanidad AnimalThis longitudinal study investigated C. burnetii dynamics and the associated microbiota after vaccination in aborted and normal-delivery goats and bucks following a Q fever outbreak. Fecal, milk, vaginal, preputial, nasopharyngeal, environmental (qPCR and 16S rRNA), and blood samples (16S rRNA and serology) were analyzed. Before vaccination, over 70% of animals were seropositive, with qPCR positivity in all females and half of the males. Seroconversion remained complete until the second kidding season and reached approximately 90% by the third kidding season. After primary vaccination, a significant 60% reduction in shedders was observed, with shedding remaining absent during the two consecutive kidding seasons. Nasopharyngeal samples showed the highest and most persistent positivity, highlighting their diagnostic and epidemiological relevance. The first detection of C. burnetii in the buck prepuce underscores the potential role of males in disease maintenance. Persistent environmental contamination further supports early, whole-herd vaccination as a long-term strategy. Metabarcoding revealed significant shifts in microbial diversity across all anatomical sites over time, including vaginal community structure, suggesting local dysbiosis after abortion. The DNA detection of C. burnetii in blood and its significantly higher vaginal abundance in aborted females may contribute to abortion. A reduction in vaginal pathogen load (p < 0.05) may suggest a reproductive microbiota modulation associated with increased Firmicutes, considering it as a potentially health biomarker.
- PublicationRestrictedThe effect of habitual sleep duration on weight loss during a behavioral weight loss intervention in a Mediterranean population(Elsevier, 2025-09-19) Rodríguez Martín, María; Szczerbinski, Lukasz; Garaulet Aza, Marta; Dashti, Hassan S.; Fisiología; Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de BiologíaBackground Sleep duration affects metabolic health and regulates appetite, but its role in behavioral weight loss interventions remains unclear as prior studies are limited by small sample sizes, cross-sectional designs, and inconsistent findings. Objectives This study aims to examine the associations between nighttime sleep duration and weight loss during a behavioral intervention in adults with overweight or obesity in Spain. Methods This secondary analysis included adults with overweight or obesity from the Obesity, Nutrigenetics, Timing, and Mediterranean study, a 25-wk behavioral weight loss program. Participants self-reported sleep duration at enrollment and were categorized as short (<7 h), recommended (7–8 h), or long (>8 h) sleepers. Outcomes included percentage of weight loss, clinically meaningful or successful weight loss (≥5% of initial body weight), rate of weight loss (high/rapid rate ≥0.53 kg/wk), and attrition. Associations were examined using logistic regression and linear mixed-effects models adjusted for age, sex, baseline weight, intervention duration, and clinic site. Results Among 3628 participants (mean age 41.2 ± 14.1 y; 77.6% women), 23.7% reported sleeping >8 h, 60.9% reported sleeping 7–8 h, and 15.4% reported sleeping <7 h per night. Long sleepers had significantly lower average weight loss (7.42% of baseline weight) compared with recommended sleepers (7.90%, P = 0.015). Long sleep was associated with 21% lower odds of achieving a weight loss ≥5% of baseline weight [odds ratio (OR): 0.79; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.66, 0.96], 25% lower odds of rapid weight loss (OR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.63, 0.89), and 21% higher odds of attrition (OR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.43) compared with recommended sleep. No significant associations were observed for short sleepers. Linear mixed-effects models indicated lower weight loss among long sleepers [β: 0.099; standard error (SE): 0.040; P = 0.015], but not for short sleepers (β: −0.031; SE: 0.048; P = 0.514). Conclusions Habitual long sleep duration is associated with reduced weight loss success and increased risk of attrition in a behavioral weight loss intervention. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02829619.