Browsing by Subject "Mechanism"
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- PublicationOpen AccessAnti-apoptotic effects and mechanisms of salvianolic acid A on cardiomyocytes in ischemia-reperfusion injury(Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2019) Qian, Wei; Wang, Zilong; Xu, Tongda; Li, DongyePrompt myocardial reperfusion during acute myocardial infarction by fibrinolytic therapy, percutaneous coronary intervention, or coronary artery bypass grafting limits the affected area and improves prognosis. However, reperfusion itself can cause cardiomyocyte damage and decrease treatment efficacy. No treatments that effectively prevent myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury are currently available, and are therefore the focus of ongoing research. Salvianolic acid A (SAA), the active ingredient of the traditional Chinese herbal remedy Salvia miltiorrhiza, has anti-thrombotic activity, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activity; regulates blood lipids and provides hepatic and neural protection. Recent studies demonstrated that SAA inhibits cardiomyocyte apoptosis in response to I/R by the PI3K/Akt, GSK-3β, JNK, and ERK1/2 pathways, and by JNK-ERK1/2 crosstalk. The mechanisms for SAA attenuating cardiomyocytes apoptosis during I/R injury through the P38 MAPK, caspase, JAK/STAT, NF-κB and LOX-1 signaling pathways need further illustration. There may be potential crosstalks between PI3K/Akt and JNK, and Akt/GSK-3β and ERK1/2 in the process of SAA against I/R-incuced cardiomyocytes apoptosis. This review summarizes the recent evidence of the anti-apoptotic effects and mechanisms of SAA against myocardial I/R injury and discusses the basis of potential clinical applications of SAA.
- PublicationOpen AccessClomiphene and dexamethasone inhibit apoptosis and autophagy via the ROS-JNK/MAPK-P21 signaling pathway in PCOS(Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2025) Liu, Ruxia; Tang, Yuxiang; Chen, Xiangjun; Shang, XintongBackground. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a complicated endocrine and metabolic disease, which seriously affects women’s health. However, the etiology and genetic basis of PCOS are complex, and the pathogenesis remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of clomiphene and dexamethasone on PCOS and their potential mechanisms. Methods. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were injected with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) to establish a PCOS model. After treatment with clomiphene, dexamethasone, and their combination, ovarian tissue of rats was collected. The morphological changes in the ovary were observed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and Electron microscopy. The levels of oxidative stress and hormones were determined by ELISA. Apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL assay. The mechanism of clomiphene and dexamethasone effects on PCOS was explored by Immunohistochemical staining, real-time PCR, and western blotting. Results. Clomiphene and dexamethasone could improve the morphology of the ovary in PCOS. TUNEL assay and ELISA showed that clomiphene, dexamethasone, and their combination could inhibit apoptosis and significantly reverse the levels of ROS, T-SOD, CAT, T, and E2 in the ovary. Immunohisto-chemical staining revealed that clomiphene and dexamethasone could remarkably reduce the protein levels of Bax, Caspase-3, LC3II, p-JNK, p-P38 MAPK, and P21, and increase P62 and Bcl-2 protein expression. The mRNA levels of Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3 were also modulated in the PCOS model with clomiphene and dexamethasone treatment. Additionally, western blotting indicated that clomiphene and dexamethasone significantly regulated the levels of Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, LC3I, LC3II, P62, p-JNK, JNK, p-P38 MAPK, P38 MAPK, and P21 in PCOS rats. Conclusions. Clomiphene and dexamethasone can not only reduce oxidative damage, and inhibit apoptosis and autophagy, but they can also regulate the ROS-JNK/MAPK-P21 signaling pathway in PCOS rats. It provides an experimental basis for the clinical application of clomiphene and dexamethasone in PCOS
- PublicationOpen AccessUna condición extraordinariamente corporal. Del "moi" de Montaigne al "vrai homme" cartesiano(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2021) Raga Rosaleny, VicenteEn diversas ocasiones se ha tratado de establecer una relación entre la obra de Montaigne y la de Descartes, bien como adversarios, bien como precedente el uno del otro o como alternativas por relación al concepto de sujeto. Ambos autores, como la bibliografía especializada ha venido mostrando, están mucho más cerca de lo que solía creerse en el pasado y las deudas intelectuales de Descartes con Montaigne se resumen, además, en una noción de individuo realmente existente y una concepción de la “vida” como alternativa a la filosofía tradicional, que pueden ser de gran interés para el pensamiento actual.
- PublicationOpen Access¿Es Gaia el cosmograma que necesitamos?(Ateneo de Estudios Políticos (ACEP), 2023) Arenas, LuisTres serán las tesis que se pretenden defender en lo que sigue. La primera es que la verdadera filosofía primera de la modernidad no debe considerarse ni a la metafísica ni a la teoría del conocimiento. La verdadera prima philosophia del mundo moderno ha sido un determinado modo de comprender la naturaleza y al ser humano en relación con ella, a saber, la naturaleza entendida como natura formaliter spectata (Kant). Para una naturaleza así comprendida (digamos, more moderno) la vida siempre ha constituido un quebradero de cabeza. La segunda tesis apunta a que la tarea que tenemos por delante para hacer frente al cambio climático es colosal precisamente porque no implica solo ser capaz de transformar este o aquel aspecto de nuestro modelo civilizatorio (superar el capitalismo, poner el complejo científicotécnico al servicio de las necesidades esenciales de la humanidad, redefinir los imaginarios y los horizontes de deseabilidad individuales y colectivos, anclar la moral en una ética menos raciocentrada y menos antropocéntrica que las éticas modernas, etc.) sino llevar a cabo todo eso a la vez. Es, pues, la completa reconstrucción de un nuevo “cosmograma” (en el sentido que le dan al término John Tresch y Bruno Latour) lo que está en juego. Por último, la tercera tesis que se propondrá es que si es cierto que a cada cosmovisión la acompaña una metáfora que pretende recoger lo fundamental de su sentido (la metáfora del organismo en el caso de la cosmovisión teleológica aristotélica o la metáfora del reloj en el de la cosmovisión newtoniana), una de las tareas que las humanidades ecológicas tienen aún por delante es la de inventar una metáfora para ver el mundo y vernos a nosotros mismos bajo esa nueva cosmovisión por venir. Se discutirá la propuesta de que la metáfora de Gaia constituya una metáfora adecuada para el reto que tenemos por delante
- PublicationOpen AccessFeasibility of adsorption kinetic models to study carrier-mediated transport of heavy metal ions in emulsion liquid membranes(2022-01-03) León, G.; Gómez, E.; Miguel, B.; Hidalgo, A.M.; Gómez, M.; Murcia, M.D.; Guzmán, M.A.; Ingeniería Química
- PublicationOpen AccessInvolvement of lncRNA dysregulation in gastric cancer(Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2016) Sun, Ming; Nie, Feng-qi; Wang, Zhao-xia; De, Weiy. Benefiting from the fast development of sequencing technique and bioinformatics methods, more and more new long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are discovered and identified. lncRNAs were firstly thought to be transcription noise that from genome desert without biological function; however, as the discovery of lncRNA XIST and HOTAIR uncovers the emerging roles of lncRNAs in development and tumorigenesis. In the past decades, accumulating evidence have indicated that lncRNAs involve in a wide range of biological functions, such as X-chromosome inactivation, reprogramming stem cell pluripotency, regulation of the immune response and carcinogenesis. Although lots of studies have demonstrated that dysregulation of lncRNAs involve in diverse diseases including cancers, the underlying molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs are not well documented. Interestingly, our previous studies and others’ have shown that numerous of lncRNAs expression was misregulated in gastric cancer. In this review, we will focus on the dysregulated lncRNAs and their biological function and underlying pathways or mechanisms in GC. Finally, we will discuss the potential roles of lncRNAs acting as biomarkers or therapeutic targets in GC patients.
- PublicationOpen AccessPatterns in Cognitive Phenomena and Pluralism of Explanatory Styles(Wiley, 2019) Potochnik, Angela; Sanches de Oliveira, Guilherme; FilosofíaDebate about cognitive science explanations has been formulated in terms of identifying the proper level(s) of explanation. Views range from reductionist, favoring only neuroscience explanations, to mechanist, favoring the integration of multiple levels, to pluralist, favoring the preservation of even the most general, high-level explanations, such as those provided by embodied or dynamical approaches. In this paper, we challenge this framing. We suggest that these are not different levels of explanation at all but, rather, different styles of explanation that capture different, cross-cutting patterns in cognitive phenomena. Which pattern is explanatory depends on both the cognitive phenomenon under investigation and the research interests occasioning the explanation. This reframing changes how we should answer the basic questions of which cognitive science approaches explain and how these explanations relate to one another. On this view, we should expect different approaches to offer independent explanations in terms of their different focal patterns and the value of those explanations to partly derive from the broad patterns they feature. [online first, 2019]
- PublicationOpen AccessProgress in histopathologic and pathogenetic research in a retinitis pigmentosa model(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2015) Liu, Xin; Zhang, Yan Zhang; He, Yuxi; Zhao, Jinsong; Su, GuanfangRetinitis pigmentosa is a major cause of visual impairment and blindness, affecting millions of people worldwide. The mechanisms of and effective treatments for the disease, however, remain to be further investigated. The Royal College of Surgeons rat is one of the most widely used animal models for the study of retinal degeneration diseases. The mutation in the mer tyrosine kinase proto-oncogene of this model leads to deficient phagocytosis in the retinal pigment epithelium cells and the accumulation of photoreceptor out segments in the subretinal space, ultimately resulting in retinal degeneration. The retina begins to change as early as 17 days after birth and becomes gradually thinner with the death and remodeling of cells and blood vessels. Retinal cell apoptosis plays a dominant role in this degeneration, with some cells being activated by the secondary alterations of the retinal neurotransmitter and other related factors.
- PublicationOpen AccessVida y valor vital en Max Scheler y Hans Jonas(Ateneo Cantonal de Estudios Políticos (ACEP), 2019) Martínez Gallego, Miguel ArmandoEn su ética fenomenológica, Max Scheler interpreta el significado de los valores vitales basándose en una conceptualización de la esencia de los fenómenos vitales opuesta al mecanicismo y al vitalismo. Por su parte, Hans Jonas también desarrolla su ética ecológica de la responsabilidad desde una cierta comprensión antimecanicista del ser vivo. Una vez expuestas en detalle las ideas de Scheler acerca de la esencia de la vida y del valor vital, veremos que las de Jonas difieren de ellas en aspectos fundamentales, más allá de todo parecido inicial. Lo cual, por su parte, conlleva disensiones éticas profundas entre ambos autores acerca del sentido de los valores vitales y de su puesto jerárquico frente a otras clases de valor