Histology and histopathology Vol. 1, nº 2 (1986)

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Further characterization of spontaneous arthritic changes in murine squamo-mandibular joint: histopathological aspects
(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1986) Livne, E.; Silbermann, M.
The appearance of age-related ulcerative changes in the mouse mandibular condyle were evaluated by light and electron microscopy examinations. Fibrillations appeared along the articular surface and in deeper tissue regions, as early as at six months of age. Such changes were characterized by a marked loss of the tissue's cellularity and by a marked reduction in matrix metachromasia and safranin-0 staining. These microscopical changes were accompanied by a reduced reactivity for both ruthenium red and colloidal iron binding, as noted ultrastructurally. At the same time, increasing numbers of erythrocytes appeared to be adhered to the surface irregularities and were also found in deeper regions within the articular lesions. Using morphological criteria, it became apparent that the degenerative changes of aging articular cartilage started at the more superficial regions of the tissue and only thereafter proceeded toward the chondro-osseous junction. Also, with the advancement of age, the degenerative changes became more severe
Open Access
A multihormonal tumor of the pancreas producing neurotensin associated with the WDHA syndrome. Histology, histochemistry and origin
(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1986) Bani-Sacchi, Tatiana; Bartolini, Giancarlo; Biliotti, Giancarlo
A pancreatic tumor associated with severe LVDHA syndrome has been studied histologically and immunohistochemically. Light microscopy revealed that the growth pattern of' the tunlor varied greatly from zone to zone but with prevailing solid arrangement of the tumoral cells. The majority of the endocrine cells showed numerous eosinophilic, PTAH-positive, and argyrophilic secretory granules, that were ultrastructurally similar to those of normal and tumoral neurotensin-containing cells. A minority of the endocrine cells had secretory granules ultrastructurally different from the aforementioned ones, but these were not diagnostic on purely morphological grounds. Inside the tumor, immunol~istochemistryd emonstrated a majority of neurotensin-immunoreactive cells, sparse and small clusters of VIP-immunoreactive cells and few, dispersed pancreatic polypeptide-immunoreactive cells. Some structural and ultrastructural aspects of the tumoral stroma have also been reported. Ducts and solid masses of duct-like cells were also found, and small clusters and singly dispersed duct-like cells were seen invading the endocrine tissue and undergoing mitoses. Such features suggest that the tumor originated from precursors located in the medium-sized and small pancreatic ducts. Because of the multihormonal nature of the tumor, the role of neurotensin and VIP in producing the patient's symptoms is discussed and a synergistic action of the two hormones is suggested in causing the particularly severe WDHA syndrome.
Open Access
An autoradiographic study of the uptake of tritiated proline by osteoblasts during hibernation
(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1986) Steinberg, B.; Singh, I.J.; Mitchell, O.G.
Twenty-four LSH and LVG strain golden hamsters, Mesocricetus auratus, were used. Experimental animals were maintained at 5 C and allowed to hibernate. Control animals were kept at 27 C. Six animals (3 experimental, 3 control) were injected subcutaneously with I pCi of 'H-proline/gm body wt. (Spec. act. 3 Ci/mM) after hibernation lasting 12 hours, I day, 3 days, or 7 days. Animals were killed I hour after injection and autoradiographs were prepared from 5 Frn thick ilecalcified sections of femurs. A greater number of endosteal cells were labeled than periosteal cells and also exhibited a greater magnitude of labeling throughout the study. Differences between endosteal and periosteal cells both in percentage of cells labeled and magnitude of labeling were maximum in control animals and progressively decreased with increasing periods of hibernation. A reduction in synthesis of matrix proteins during the early period of hibernation was seen and was attributed to a significant reduction both in average cell activity and in the number of active cells during hibernation. The latter phenomenon apparently made a large contribution to the reduced matrical synthesis. 'H-proline uptake by osteoblasts probably retlects the reduced requirements of matrical synthesis during hibernation.
Open Access
Ultrastructure of striated muscle fibers in the middle third of the human esophagus
(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1986) Faussone-Pellegrini, M.S; Cortesini, C.
Striated muscle fibers and .their spatial relationship to smooth muscle cells have been studied in the middle third of human esophagus. Biopsies were obtained from 3 patients during surgery. In both the circular and longitudinal layers, the muscle coat of this transition zone was composed of fascicles of uniform dimensioi~ (100-200 pm of diameter); some of these bundles were made up of striated muscle fibers, others were pure bundles of smooth muscle cells and some were of the mixed type. Striated muscle fibers represented three different types, which were considered as intermediate, with certain structural features characteristic of the fast fiber type. Of these, the most frequently-found fibers were most similar to the fast fiber type. Satellite cells were numerous; in mixed fascicles they were gradually replaced by smooth muscle cells. The gap between striated muscle fiber and smooth muscle cells was more than 200 nm wide. It contained the respective basal laminae and a delicate layer of amorphous conective tissue. No specialized junctions were formed between consecutive striated muscle fibers, or between striated muscle fibers and smooth muscle cells. Interstitial cells of Cajal were never situated as close to striated muscle fibers as to smooth muscle cells.
Open Access
The development of the neurons of the glossopharyngeal (1x1 and vagal (X) sensory ganglia in chick embryos
(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1986) Hiscock, Jennifer; Straznicky, Charles
The timetable of cell generation, neuronal death and neuron numbers in the fused proximal glossopharyngeal (IX) and vagal (X) ganglion and distal IX and X ganglia were studied in normal and nerve growth factor (NGF) treated chick embryos. 3H-thymidine was injected between the 3rd and 7th days of incubation and embryos sacrificed on the 1 lth day. Neurons in the distal IX and X ganglia were generated between the 2nd and 5th days of incubation, the peak mitotic activity occurring on the 4th and 3rd days, I respectively. Neurons of the proximal IX and X ganglion were generated between the 4th and 7th days, with maximum neuron generation on the 5th day of incubation. I Counts of neurons in the 3 ganglia between the 5th and Key words: Sensory neurons - Cell generation - Neuron death - Autoradiography - NGF - Chick embryo 1 Introduction 18th days of incubation showed a maximum of 22,000 on the 8th day in the proximal IX and X ganglion and this decreased to 12,000 by the 13th day. In the distal IX ganglion, the neuron number decreased by 44% from 4,500 on the 6th day to 2,500 by the l lth day. A similar decrease of 43% was found in the distal X ganglion, the neuron number falling from 11,500 on the 7th day to 6,500 by the llth day of incubation. Neuronal cell death in these ganglia extended from the 5th to the 12th day of incubation, maximum cell death occurring at or after the cessation of mitotic activity. NGF administration from the 5th to the llth day of incubation did not have a measurable effect on the neurons of proximal IX and X and distal IX ganglia, but increased neuronal survival by 30% in the distal X ganglion. The temporal patterns of cell generation and neuron death are discussed in relation to embryonic origin of neurons and factors controlling the survival of cranial sensory neurons.
Open Access
Ultrastructure of the renal corpuscle of Testudo graeca Chelonia. A comparison between hibernating and non-hibernating animals.
(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1986) Zuasti, A.; Ferrer, C.; Ballesta Germán, José; Pastor García, Luis Miguel
The renal corpuscle of hibernating and nonhibernating Testudo graeca was studied by means of light and electron microscopy. Renal corpuscles are small and have a glomerular architecture similar to that found in other vertebrates with a limited glomerular filtration rate. In hibernating animals, unlike non-hibernating, some n~orphologicacl hanges took place. The cells of the renal corpuscle were densely packed, podocytes and parietal cells bhowed a marked cytoplasmic vacuolization, there was a highly developed capillary basement membrane and the endothelial and mesangial cells showed abundant dense granules. These morphological features apparently correspond to a vacuolar degeneration. They may also be the morphological basis of the decrease in the glomerular filtration rate observed during this period.
Open Access
Morphological differentiation of mitochondria in the early chick embryo: a stereological analysis
(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1986) Paz, P. de; Zapata, A.; Renau-Piqueras, J.; Miragal, F.
The morphological evolution of mitochondria in three cell types of chick embryo in neurulation was analyzed by stereological methods. Mitochondria, showing a random distribution, were characterized by moderate electron-dense matrices and normal cristae. The numerical density of mitochondria significantly increased in the neuroectoderm and epiblastic cells while their volume density remained unchanged. The mitochondria in mesoderm cells were ellipsoidal (axial ratio 2:l) at stages 5 and 8 although they underwent an elongation in neuroectoderm and epiblastic cells (axial ratio from 2: 1 to 1.6: 1). The individual size of "average mitochondria" in the mesoderm cells was smaller than in other cell types. The total V/S (volume/surface) ratio of mitochondria decreased during neurulation. These morphological changes have been discussed emphasizing the possible metabolical role of mitochondria during morphogenesis

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