Publication: Contribuciones agroecológicas para renovar las
fundaciones del manejo de plagas
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Date
2010
Authors
Nicholls, Clara I.
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Publisher
Murcia: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Las estrategias de manejo integrado de plagas (MIP) han estado dominadas por la idea del
producto considerado como “la bala mágica’’ para controlar los brotes de plagas. Los enfoques
del MIP no han abordado las causas ecológicas de los problemas de plagas en la agricultura moderna.
En este articulo se plantea que los problemas de plagas pueden solucionarse mediante la
reestructuración del manejo de los sistemas agrícolas, quebrando el monocultivo vía esquemas
de diversificación que maximicen una serie de fortalezas preventivas, aprovechando las ventajas
inherentes de los agroecosistemas diversificados, usando tácticas terapéuticas que actúan estrictamente
como complementos de los procesos de regulación natural. Estos enfoques suponen un
conocimiento profundo de los procesos del agroecosistema, incluyendo los factores naturales
que suprimen las poblaciones de plagas, con el objetivo final de diseñar sistemas agrícolas a nivel
de finca y de paisaje que fomentan los procesos de regulación natural de plagas.
Abstract: The strategies of Integrated Pest management (IPM) have been domintaed by a “magic bullet” mentality to control pest outbreaks. IPM approchaes do not address the ecological root causes of pest problems in modern agriculture. This paper poses that the only sustainable way by which pest problems can be addressed is by re-structuring the management of agroecosystems, breaking the monoculture nature of the systems with diversification schemes that maximize preventive forces as the inherent ecological mechanisms of diversified agroecosystems are strengthened. Therapeutic approaches may strictly be used as complimentary tactics to natural regulation mechanisms. This agroecological approach requires a deep understanding of agroecosystem processes, including how to enhance the natural factors that inhibit and suppress pest populations at the field and landscape levels.
Abstract: The strategies of Integrated Pest management (IPM) have been domintaed by a “magic bullet” mentality to control pest outbreaks. IPM approchaes do not address the ecological root causes of pest problems in modern agriculture. This paper poses that the only sustainable way by which pest problems can be addressed is by re-structuring the management of agroecosystems, breaking the monoculture nature of the systems with diversification schemes that maximize preventive forces as the inherent ecological mechanisms of diversified agroecosystems are strengthened. Therapeutic approaches may strictly be used as complimentary tactics to natural regulation mechanisms. This agroecological approach requires a deep understanding of agroecosystem processes, including how to enhance the natural factors that inhibit and suppress pest populations at the field and landscape levels.
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