Publication: ¿Qué moldes mentales conforman un optimismo inteligente?
Authors
Hernández-Guanir, Pedro
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Publisher
Universidad de Zaragoza, Asociación Universitaria de Formación del Profesorado (AUFOP)
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
El optimismo se ha realzado a partir de la teoría de la
Indefensión Aprendida en la llamada Psicología Positiva.
Ha sido un constructo valioso y útil para relacionarlo
con distintas variables psicológicas, especialmente para
predecir una mejor salud y una menor vulnerabilidad
a las enfermedades. Sin embargo, no ha contado con
una fundamentación teórica adecuada, manejándose dos
enfoques, el disposicional y el atribucional. Nosotros
creemos que existen varios tipos de optimismos, y cada uno
de ellos tiene diferente valor funcional. Por ello, este informe
recapitula cinco estudios, objeto de futuras publicaciones,
donde se demuestra tal multiplicidad, tanto desde una
perspectiva situacional (contextual) como transituacional
(tendencia). A su vez, se demuestra el nivel de adecuación
de cada tipo de optimismo en relación con diferentes
criterios como son adaptación personal, escolar, social,
bienestar subjetivo, convivencia y rendimiento académico.
Por último, a través de análisis discriminante, los distintos
moldes mentales o estrategias cognitivo-afectivas explican lo
que supone y aporta cada uno de los distintos optimismos.
Optimism has been enhanced from the theory of Learned Hopelessness within the so-called Positive Psychology. It has been a valuable and useful construct in order to relate it to different psychological variables, and especially to predict better health and lower vulnerability to diseases. However, its theoretical foundation has not been adequate, as two approaches have been taken: the dispositional and the atributional. We believe that there are several types of optimisms, and that each one has a different functional value. For this reason, this report summarises five studies, to appear in future publications, in which such multiplicity is shown, both from a situational (contextual) and a transituational perspective (tendency). Also, the level of adequacy of every type of optimism in relation to different criteria (i.e. emotional, school and social adjustment, subjective well-being, living together and academic performance) is shown. Finally, through discriminant analysis, the different mental molds or cognitive-affective strategies explain what each one of the different types of optimism entails and contributes.
Optimism has been enhanced from the theory of Learned Hopelessness within the so-called Positive Psychology. It has been a valuable and useful construct in order to relate it to different psychological variables, and especially to predict better health and lower vulnerability to diseases. However, its theoretical foundation has not been adequate, as two approaches have been taken: the dispositional and the atributional. We believe that there are several types of optimisms, and that each one has a different functional value. For this reason, this report summarises five studies, to appear in future publications, in which such multiplicity is shown, both from a situational (contextual) and a transituational perspective (tendency). Also, the level of adequacy of every type of optimism in relation to different criteria (i.e. emotional, school and social adjustment, subjective well-being, living together and academic performance) is shown. Finally, through discriminant analysis, the different mental molds or cognitive-affective strategies explain what each one of the different types of optimism entails and contributes.
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Optimismo , Moldes mentales , Patrones de pensamiento , Adaptación personal escolar y social , Bienestar subjetivo , Convivencia , Rendimiento académico , Optimism , Mental molds , Thought patterns , Emotional school and social adjustment , Subjective well-being , Living together , Academic performance
Citation
Revista interuniversitaria de formación del profesorado, V. 23(3), N. 66, 2009
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