Publication: Diagnóstico de la complejidad de los diseños y manejos de la biodiversidad en sistemas de producción agropecuaria en transición hacia la sostenibilidad y la resiliencia
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Date
2013
Authors
Vázquez Moreno, Luis L.
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Publisher
Murcia: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia
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Description
Abstract
La biodiversidad se considera esencial en el proceso de reconversión de los sistemas de producción
agropecuaria y en la resiliencia al cambio climático. Como resultado de varios años de
innovación, se ofrece una nueva propuesta para el diagnóstico de la complejidad de los diseños y
manejos de los elementos de la biodiversidad. Se generaron 64 indicadores de los seis indicativos
siguientes: 18 indicadores sobre diseño y manejo de los elementos de la biodiversidad productiva
(DMBPr), siete sobre manejo y conservación del suelo (MCS), cinco sobre manejo y conservación
del agua (MCA), cinco sobre manejo de las intervenciones sanitarias en rubros productivos
(MISRPr), 15 sobre diseño y manejo de los elementos de la biodiversidad auxiliar (DMBAu) y 14
sobre el estado de los elementos de la biodiversidad asociada (EBAs). Los resultados permiten
determinar el Coeficiente de Manejo de la Biodiversidad (CMB), clasificar el sistema de producción
respecto a la complejidad alcanzada y elaborar un plan de reconversión. Los resultados del
diagnóstico de dos fincas cercanas: “La Provechosa”, que obtuvo un Coeficiente de Manejo de
la Biodiversidad (CMB) de 2,35, clasificándose los diseños y manejos de la biodiversidad como:
“Medianamente Compleja”; por otro lado, la finca “La Trocha”, que obtuvo un CMB de 1,3 fue clasificada
como: “Simplificada”, la primera está considerada localmente como en transición sobre
bases agroecológicas y la segunda como convencional.
ABSTRACT: Biodiversity is considered essential in the process of agroecological conversion of agricultural production systems and in enhancing resilience to climatic change. As a result of several years of research, we offer a new proposal for the diagnosis of the complexity of the designs and management of the biodiversity elements in agroecosystems. 64 indicators have been generated that can be grouped in the following 6 categories: 18 indicators on design and management of the elements of productive biodiversity (DMBPr), 7 indicators on soil management and conservation (MCS), 5 on water management and conservation (MCA), 5 on management of the plant protection interventions in productive systems (MISRPr), 15 on design and management of the elements of the auxiliary biodiversity (DMBAu) and 14 on the state of the elements of the associate biodiversity (EBAs). The measurement of these indicators allows one to determine the Coefficient of Biodiversity Management (CMB), to classify the production system regarding its level of complexity and thus elaborate an agroecological conversion plan. Herein we present the results of the application of this methodology on two neighboring farms: “La Provechosa” which obtained a CMB of 2,35, classified as “fairly complex” given its designs and management of biodiversity; “ La Trocha” with a CMB of 1,3 obtained and thus classified as: “Simplified”, therefore requiring a diversification plan to transition from conventional to agroecological management.
ABSTRACT: Biodiversity is considered essential in the process of agroecological conversion of agricultural production systems and in enhancing resilience to climatic change. As a result of several years of research, we offer a new proposal for the diagnosis of the complexity of the designs and management of the biodiversity elements in agroecosystems. 64 indicators have been generated that can be grouped in the following 6 categories: 18 indicators on design and management of the elements of productive biodiversity (DMBPr), 7 indicators on soil management and conservation (MCS), 5 on water management and conservation (MCA), 5 on management of the plant protection interventions in productive systems (MISRPr), 15 on design and management of the elements of the auxiliary biodiversity (DMBAu) and 14 on the state of the elements of the associate biodiversity (EBAs). The measurement of these indicators allows one to determine the Coefficient of Biodiversity Management (CMB), to classify the production system regarding its level of complexity and thus elaborate an agroecological conversion plan. Herein we present the results of the application of this methodology on two neighboring farms: “La Provechosa” which obtained a CMB of 2,35, classified as “fairly complex” given its designs and management of biodiversity; “ La Trocha” with a CMB of 1,3 obtained and thus classified as: “Simplified”, therefore requiring a diversification plan to transition from conventional to agroecological management.
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