Histology and histopathology Vol.16, nº 4 (2001)
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- PublicationOpen AccessTissue and molecular events in human conjunctival scarring in ocular cicatricial pemphigoid(F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia: Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2001) Razzaque, M. S.; Foster, C. S.; Ahmed, A. R.Detail ed histomo rph ometric analysis of human conjunctiva l biopsy specimens has convincingly demonstrated that tissue remodeling of the extracellular matri x (EC M) is an esse nti al and dy nami c process associated with conjuncti val sca rring in ocul ar cicatricial pemphi go id (OCP). The co njun cti va l sca rring ofte n eventuall y results in impaired vision and/or blindness. The molecul ar mechanisms of conjunctival scarring are not compl etely und erstood. Acc umulating evidence indicates that the earl y phase of conjunctival fibrosis is linked with an immuno-inflammatory process medi ated by cy tokines released by ac tiva ted conjunctiv al cells and/or by infiltrating cells. Fibrogenic cytokines secreted by infl ammatory cells and fibroblasts might acti vely be in vo lve d in remode lin g o f th e matri x within th e conjunctival stroma, possibly by regul ating the altered metabolism of matrix proteins.
- PublicationOpen AccessRecent progress in T-cadherin (CDH13, H-cadherin) research(F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia: Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2001) Takeuchi, T.; Ohtsuki, Y.T-cadherin is a un ique cadherin ce ll ad hesion molecul e that is anchored to the ce ll surface membrane th rough a glycosy l phosphat id yl inositol (G PI) moiety. The cy topl asmic domain , whi ch T-cad herin lacks. is be li eved to bc criti ca l fo r homophilic binding th ro ugh int erac ti on with subm cmbran e cy tos ke letal protc in s. Docs this mea n th at T- ca dh e rin is an un imp ortanl molec ul e? Howcvc r, th e T-cadherin amino ac id moti f has bee n we ll co nse rve d thro ug h evo luti o n in ve rt ebr ates, s uggestin g th a t T-c adh e rin may have biologica l signifi ca nce in higher animals. Co nsistent wi th this hypothesis, recent studies have thrown light on the re levance of T-cadh erin in the fie lds of oncology, neurology, respirology and ca rdiovascular ph ysiology. In this manu sc ript , we rev iew current adva nces in Tcad herin research.
- PublicationOpen AccessTight junctions and their role in cancer metastasis(F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia: Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2001) Martin, T. A.; Jiang, W. G.Tight Junctions gove rn the permeabili ty of endothelial and epithelial cells and are the most topical structures of these cell types. Tight junctions create an intercell ular ba rri er and in tramembrane diffusion fe nce. An important step in the fo rmation of ca ncer metastases is int e rac ti on and pe netrat io n o f th e vasc ula r endothelium by dissociated ca ncer cells. Ea rly studies demonstrated a correlation between the reduction of tight junctions and tumour diffe rent iati on and experimental evidence has emerged to pl ace tight junctions in the frontline as the structure that ca ncer cells must overcome in order to metastasise. Changes in tight juncti on function are thu s an ea rl y and key aspect in cancer metastasis. Further work is requ ired to fully realise the potent ial that this structure has in cancer invasion and metastasis in ord er to deve lop new and nove l th erapi es in th e prevention of tumour metastasis.
- PublicationOpen AccessAnalysis of the in vivo dend ritic cell response to the bacterial superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B in the mouse spleen(F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia: Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2001) Yoon, S.; Bae, K. L.; Shin, J. Y.; Yoo, H. J.; Lee, H. W.; Baek, S. Y.; Kim, B. S.; Kim, J. B.; Lee, H. D.To inv esti ga te th e in vi vo effec ts of St
- PublicationOpen AccessTGF-ß1 and IL-6 expression in rat pineal gland is regulated by norepinephrine and interleukin-1 ß(F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia: Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2001) Tsai, S. Y.; Schluns, K. S.; Le, P. T.; McNulty, J. A.T he pineal g land is part of th e neur oendoc rin e system that modulat es immun e functions. Beca use the gland is outside the blood-brain barrier, il is accessibl e to dir ec t feedback from circul atin g cyto kin es that affec t th e sy nth esis and secreti on of melatonin . Recent studi es have suggested that intrinsic immunoregul atory cytokines med iate these neuro-immune int e ra cti o ns und er th e co ntr o l of sympathetic innervation to the pineal. This study focused on th e expression of transfo rmin g growt h factor-f3 1 (TGF-f3I) and interl eukin-6 (IL-6), two cy toki nes th at have important regula tory functions on both neurons and immune cells. Northern blot RNA analysis showed that TGF-f3l, but not IL-6, was expressed in freshly dissected rat pineal glands from neo natal age (l -day-o ld) into ad ults. Immun ocy toc hemistry for TGF-B1 in adult glands revealed localization of this protein in astrocy telik e cells. The sy mp ath e tic ne ur o tr ansmitt e r norepinephrine (NE) increased transcript levels for both TGF-f31 and IL-6 in adu lt pinea l organ cultures. The effect of NE o n I L-6 exp ressio n was not found in dispersed cell cultures established from neonatal pineal glands. The immunoregul atory molecule interleukin-l/3 (IL-l /3) up-regulat ed th e expression of both IL-6 and TGF-/31 in ad ult pineal organ cultures, but not in neonate pineal organ cultures. These findings suggest that TGF- /31 and IL-6 have intrinsic regul atory roles in the pinea l gland and that both neural and immune factors are important mechanisms of regulation.