Histology and histopathology Vol. 1, nº 4 (1986)

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https://hdl.handle.net/10201/17682

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Blastic OKT6-positive proliferation preceding malignant histiocytosis
(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1986) Bonetti, F.; Chilosi, M.; Menestrina, F.; Lestani, M.; Scarpa, A.; Todeschini, G.; Pizzolo, G.; Fioredonati, L
A 45-year old male presented latero-cervical lymphoadenopathy. Biopsy revealed a malignant proliferation of immature "lymphoid" cells bearing T6 antigen and HLA-DR but negative for other lymphoid markers, suggesting a phenotype similar to Langerhans cells. The patient did not receive any therapy and six months later developed a histologically typical malignant histiocytosis, involving spleen and liver. Other reported cases of lymphoid malignancies (two bearing the 7'6 antigen on blast cells) preceding malignant histiocytosis were found and compared with ours. Most of these cases were characterized by the pediatric age of the patients and were presented as acute leukemias exhibiting, in at least some of them, reliable T-cell markers. Our case appears to represent, on the other hand, a blastic proliferation of precursors of both histiocytes and Langerhans dendritic cells which eventually progressed to malignant histiocytosis. The relevance of this observation in the debate on the origin of Langerhans cells and the relationships existing between macrophages and dendritic cells is discussed.
Open Access
The thoracic sympathetic neurons of the chick, normal development and the effects of nerve growth factor
(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1986) Smet, Peter; Rush, Robert A.; Straznicky, Charles
The generation and degeneration of sympathetic neurons in the third thoracic ganglion (segment 19) of the chick were studied between embryonic days (E) 7-18 using 3H-Thymidine autoradiography and routine cell counts. Cumulative radiolabelling experiments indicated that few sympathetic neurons were generated on E6-7. 10% of the sympathetic neurons were generated on E8 and a further 20% on E9. The final 70% of neurons completed the mitotic cycle between E10-12. Cell counts demonstrated that the neuronal population increased from 10,166 + 423 (mean 2 SEM) to 22,291 ? 767 between E8-10 and remained stable up to E14. The population subsequently declined by 37%, to 14,157 + 831, by E18. Pyknotic neurons were found at all stages of development, but were most apparent between E7-15. The effects of Nerve Cirowth Factor (NGF) on the number of both surviving and pyknotic neurons in the ganglion were also examined. E9 embryos treated with NGF from E5-8 showed a 57% increase in the number of sympathetic neurons. This increase therefore occurred prior to the decline in neuronal number and was not accompanied by a decrease in the number of visibly pyknotic neurons. It is therefore possible that early NGF treatment increases the number of sympathetic neurons through a mechanism other than the attenuation of cell death.
Open Access
Growth hormone and prolactin immunoreactivity in the pituitary gland of postnatal little (lit) mice
(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1986) Wilson, D.B.; Wyatt, D.P.
Homozygous little (/it/lit) mutant mice exhibit a growth lag which is manifested at approximately two weeks postnatally. Functional aspects of the development of piruitary growth hormone (GH) cells and prolactin (PRL) cells were thus analyzed by means of colloidal gold immunocytochemistry at the ultrastructural level in lit/lit mice and their normal counterparts ranging in age from 5 days postnatally to adulthood. In the adult normal and lit/lit pituitaries, secretory granules in GH cells and PRL cells showed a positive immunoreaction to their respective antisera, as did granules in both cell-types at 5 days postnatally. By 14 days some GH cells in lit/lit pituitaries appeared to be less densely populated with granules than GH cells in normal pituitaries, but a positive immunoreaction continued to occur even in sparsely granulated GH cells. PRL cells showed ultrastructural features in lit/lit pituitaries which were similar to those in normal mice, and immunoreactivity was present at all stages examined. The results indicate that since differences in granule reactivity were not evident between lit/lit and normal GH cells, despite ultrastructural morphologic differences which were present by 14 days postnatally, manifestations of the defect in lit/lit may be primarily quantitative in terms of numbers of granules and/or numbers of GH cells. With respect to PRL cells, neither morphologic nor functional aberrations could be observed; thus, a deficit in PRL hormone production might be the result of a more subtle defect than that in GH cells.
Open Access
Duodenal microanatomy of the domestic cat. (Felis catus)
(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1986) Robert, Henry W.; Al-Bagdadi, F.K.
Duodenal samples were taken from similar locations in six cats, processed, stained, and examined via light microscope. There were no prominent circular folds (plicae circulares) or stratum compactum (lamina subglandularis). The 1072 pm X 201 pm villi were covered by 46 pm high columnar epitheliocytes proximally which decreased in height (41 pm) distally and displayed a 1.1 - 1.7 pm striated border. Globular leukocytes, mononuclear cells, and twenty-eight goblet cells (exocrinocytus calciformis) per villus were seen. The intestinal gland (crypt of Lieberkuhn) epithelium was 20 pm tall and had a less distinct striated border. The 515 pm simple straight tubular intestinal gland layer displayed distal branching. Many mitotic figures, 12 goblet cells per gland, and occasional columnar to triangular cells with red cytoplasmic granules were seen. The thickness of the lamina propria mucosa (glandular portion) decreased from proximal to distal (563-465 pm). The lamina muscularis mucosa had two layers and decreased in thickness distally (71-28 pm). The proximal muscularis mucosa was penetrated by the ducts of submucosal (Brunner's, duodenal) glands. The tela submucosa decreased in thickness distally (593-192 pm) and contained submucosal glands with 11.5 - 75 pm lumina for the first 1.5 - 2.5 cm. However, submucosal glands could be found to a distance of 8 cm. The glandular epithelium ranged from 7.5 - 22.5 pm in height. Only one type of secretory cell was observed, with both mucous and serous properties. The tunica muscularis ranged from 190-1425 pm (median thickness of 557 pm) and had two layers.
Open Access
Occurrence of pancreatic ductal cell dysplasia in rats fed with a high fat diet and ethanol
(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1986) Jalovaara, P.; Rämö, J.; Apaja-Sarkkinen, M.
The effects of alcohol and diet on acute pancreatitis were studied in 192 male Wistar rats. The animals were fed with standard laboratory food up to three months of age and, after that, were divided into four groups of 48 animals,each group receiving a different diet: standard, fat-rich, protein-rich or carbohydrate-rich. In each diet group, 24 animals obtained 15% (v/v) ethanol in their drinking solution while the other 24 rats had water ad libitum. The diet period lasted for 12 weeks, after which acute experimental pancreatitis was induced under diethyl ether anesthesia by ductal injection of rat bile into the pancreatic ducts. Moderate or severe ductal cell dysplasia developed in three of the 15 survivors in the group fed with a high-fat diet and 15% ethanol in their drinking solution. Mild acute pancreatitis was histologically found in 13 rats and moderate pancreatitis in one rat in this group. One rat did not show any pancreatic parenchyma1 changes. Two of the rats with ductal cell dysplasia had mild pancreatitis and the pancreas of the third rat was normal in this respect. Dysplastic changes were not found in any other experimental group used in the study. The observation is statistically significant at p < 0.025 level. The results indicate that alcohol and a high fat diet together might have a carcinogenic effect on pancreatic ductal epithelium in rats.

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