Anales de psicología Vol. 32, Nº 3 (2016)

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    Inventory of Distorted Thoughts about Women and the Use of Violence-Revised (IPDMUV-R): Psychometric properties
    (Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2016) Echeburúa, Enrique; Amor, Pedro J.; Sarasua, Belén; Zubizarreta, Irene; Holgado-Tello, Francisco Pablo
    Men who batter are often affected by cognitive distortions relat-ed to gender roles and the legitimization of violence as a valid way to solve conflicts. The objectives of this research were: to analyze the psychometric properties of the Inventory of Distorted Thoughts about Women and theUse of Violence-Revised (IPDMUV-R), to delete non-updated items and to compare the predictive ability of the revised version (IPDMUV-R) with other measures of the nomological network. The sample consisted of 463 men (241 batterer men and 222 men of the normative population), with a mean age of 41.22 years (SD=11.34). The results showed acceptable fit in-dices for a unidimensional structure of IPDMUV-R (new version of 21 items) with an alpha of .74 (higher than the original version of 29 items). The score ofIPDMUV-R showed statistically significant correlations with self-reports which measure social desirability and ambivalent sexism. When analyzing the cutoff points to differentiate between batterer men and the normative group, the IPDMUV-R had a higher discriminative ability compared to IPDMUV and hostile and benevolent sexism dimensions. To conclude, an instrument with adequate psychometric properties to detect cognitive biases in violent men against the partner is presented. This instrument is useful for clinical purposes.
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    What Are People Saying When They Report They Are Happy Or Life Satisfied
    (Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2016) Baptista, Americo; Camilo, Cristina; Becalli, Marta; Santos, Isabel; de Almeida Brites, Jose; Rosa, Joana Brites; Fernández-Abascal, Enrique G.
    The study of happiness was dominated with the model of sub-jective well-being. With the advent of positive psychology the eudaimonic and hedonic models entered the field, but major surveys continue to use single-item measures of life satisfaction or happiness. We study the associa-tions between life satisfaction and happiness, measured single-items with a graphic representation of a ladder and a thermometer, and three models of happiness: the subjective well-being,the eudaimonic and hedonic. The re-sults showed that subjective well-being was the main predictor of life satisfaction and hedonic model also predicted a small amount of this variable. For happiness the predictors were the same but in reversed order, the main predictor was the hedonic model and a small variance was explained by subjective well-being. Contrary to our hypothesis the eudaimonic perspec-tive of happiness was not a predictor in none of the models. These results underline the importance of the interaction between a cognitive or apprais-al perspective and the hedonic perspectives for the study of happiness.
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    La Influencia del Número de Objetos y las Claves Verbales en la Distinción Temprana del Plural
    (Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2016) Pérez-Paz, Verónica I.; Arias-Trejo, Natalia; Alva, Elda Alicia
    El lenguaje permite explorar el mundo y expresar lo que se conoce de él. En el caso del número gramatical, poder asociar claves verbales de singular o plural con uno o más objetos permite a los niños tanto inferir significado como discriminar, anticipar y rastrear referentes. La comprensión temprana del plural está supeditada a las claves verbales proporcionadas; mientras que la producción, al número de ejemplares de un conjunto. No obstante, se desconoce la interrelación que guardan ambos factores en la comprensión temprana del plural en una lengua morfológicamente rica como el español. Así, el objetivo del presente trabajo es explorar si el número de claves verbales influye en la habilidad de niños de 24 meses de edad, aprendices del español, para distinguir el plural compuesto por un conjunto pequeño de objetos (2 versus1). Se realizaron dos experimentos utilizando el Paradigma Intermodal de Atención Preferencial. Se evaluó si los niños asociaban claves verbales múltiples (E1) y claves en la terminación del sustantivo (E2) indicativas de plural a un conjunto de dos objetos. Los niños asociaron las claves múltiples de pluralidad, pero no la terminación del sustantivo, al conjunto de dos objetos. Los resultados sugieren cierto nivel de dificultad en la comprensión temprana del plural cuando un conjunto está integrado por dos objetos; no obstante, se confirma la capacidad de los niños para extraer información de marcos sintácticos enriquecidos.
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    Mindfulness Integrative Model (MIM): Cultivating positive states of mind towards oneself and the others through mindfulness and self-compassion
    (Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2016) Rodríguez-Carvajal, Raquel; García-Rubio, Carlos; Paniagua, David; García-Diex, Gustavo; de Rivas, Sara
    There are more and more studies showing the effectiveness of Mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) in well-being. However, thereare few studies that explore the mechanisms underlying this effect. The aim of this study is to present and validate the Integrative Model of Mindfulness (MIM). MIM main hypothesis is that mindfulness practice leads to an in-crement in mindfulness trait, which leads to an increase of self-compassion, and these in turn, lead to increase positive mental states to-wards others and oneself. A MBI intensive three-week with non-randomized controlled group was designed. Participants (N = 87) were differentiated by meditation experience as well. The results show large effect sizes regarding the effect of MBI on mindfulness trait, self-compassion and positive mental states to oneself and to others. The data support the MIM, indicating that the practice of mindfulness meditation leads in a sequentially way to the cultivation of mindfulness and self-compassion, which subsequently appears to lead to the development of positive mental states towards others and oneself.
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    The power of extraverts: Testing positive and negative mood regulation
    (Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2016) Hervas, Gonzalo; López-Gómez, Irene
    Extraversion is a personality trait which has been systematically related to positive affect and well-being. One of the mechanisms that may account for these positive outcomes is the ability to regulate the responses to positive, as well as negative, moods. Prior research has found that extra-verts’ higher positive mood maintenance could explain their higher levels of positive affect. However, research exploring differences between extraverts and introverts in negative mood regulation has yielded mixed results. The aim of the current study was explore the role of different facets of mood regulation displayed by extraverts, ambiverts, and introverts. After been exposed to a sad vs. happy mood induction, participants underwent a mood regulation task. Extraverts and ambiverts exhibited higher positive mood regulation than introverts, but similar mood repair. Thus, this re-search highlights the importance of positive mood regulation in the psychological functioning of extraverts, and opens new conceptualizations for developing interventions for introverts to improve their positive mood regulation and, hence, overall positive affect and well-being