Anales de psicología Vol. 32, Nº 3 (2016)
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- PublicationOpen AccessInventory of Distorted Thoughts about Women and the Use of Violence-Revised (IPDMUV-R): Psychometric properties(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2016) Echeburúa, Enrique; Amor, Pedro J.; Sarasua, Belén; Zubizarreta, Irene; Holgado-Tello, Francisco PabloMen who batter are often affected by cognitive distortions relat-ed to gender roles and the legitimization of violence as a valid way to solve conflicts. The objectives of this research were: to analyze the psychometric properties of the Inventory of Distorted Thoughts about Women and theUse of Violence-Revised (IPDMUV-R), to delete non-updated items and to compare the predictive ability of the revised version (IPDMUV-R) with other measures of the nomological network. The sample consisted of 463 men (241 batterer men and 222 men of the normative population), with a mean age of 41.22 years (SD=11.34). The results showed acceptable fit in-dices for a unidimensional structure of IPDMUV-R (new version of 21 items) with an alpha of .74 (higher than the original version of 29 items). The score ofIPDMUV-R showed statistically significant correlations with self-reports which measure social desirability and ambivalent sexism. When analyzing the cutoff points to differentiate between batterer men and the normative group, the IPDMUV-R had a higher discriminative ability compared to IPDMUV and hostile and benevolent sexism dimensions. To conclude, an instrument with adequate psychometric properties to detect cognitive biases in violent men against the partner is presented. This instrument is useful for clinical purposes.
- PublicationOpen AccessWhat Are People Saying When They Report They Are Happy Or Life Satisfied(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2016) Baptista, Americo; Camilo, Cristina; Becalli, Marta; Santos, Isabel; de Almeida Brites, Jose; Rosa, Joana Brites; Fernández-Abascal, Enrique G.The study of happiness was dominated with the model of sub-jective well-being. With the advent of positive psychology the eudaimonic and hedonic models entered the field, but major surveys continue to use single-item measures of life satisfaction or happiness. We study the associa-tions between life satisfaction and happiness, measured single-items with a graphic representation of a ladder and a thermometer, and three models of happiness: the subjective well-being,the eudaimonic and hedonic. The re-sults showed that subjective well-being was the main predictor of life satisfaction and hedonic model also predicted a small amount of this variable. For happiness the predictors were the same but in reversed order, the main predictor was the hedonic model and a small variance was explained by subjective well-being. Contrary to our hypothesis the eudaimonic perspec-tive of happiness was not a predictor in none of the models. These results underline the importance of the interaction between a cognitive or apprais-al perspective and the hedonic perspectives for the study of happiness.
- PublicationOpen AccessLa Influencia del Número de Objetos y las Claves Verbales en la Distinción Temprana del Plural(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2016) Pérez-Paz, Verónica I.; Arias-Trejo, Natalia; Alva, Elda AliciaEl lenguaje permite explorar el mundo y expresar lo que se conoce de él. En el caso del número gramatical, poder asociar claves verbales de singular o plural con uno o más objetos permite a los niños tanto inferir significado como discriminar, anticipar y rastrear referentes. La comprensión temprana del plural está supeditada a las claves verbales proporcionadas; mientras que la producción, al número de ejemplares de un conjunto. No obstante, se desconoce la interrelación que guardan ambos factores en la comprensión temprana del plural en una lengua morfológicamente rica como el español. Así, el objetivo del presente trabajo es explorar si el número de claves verbales influye en la habilidad de niños de 24 meses de edad, aprendices del español, para distinguir el plural compuesto por un conjunto pequeño de objetos (2 versus1). Se realizaron dos experimentos utilizando el Paradigma Intermodal de Atención Preferencial. Se evaluó si los niños asociaban claves verbales múltiples (E1) y claves en la terminación del sustantivo (E2) indicativas de plural a un conjunto de dos objetos. Los niños asociaron las claves múltiples de pluralidad, pero no la terminación del sustantivo, al conjunto de dos objetos. Los resultados sugieren cierto nivel de dificultad en la comprensión temprana del plural cuando un conjunto está integrado por dos objetos; no obstante, se confirma la capacidad de los niños para extraer información de marcos sintácticos enriquecidos.
- PublicationOpen Access“Good things never last”: Dampening positive emotions influences our optimism levels(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2016) Etchemendy, Ernestina; Herrero, Rocío; Espinoza, Macarena; Molinari, Guadalupe; Corno, Giulia; Carrillo-Vega, Alba; Botella, Cristina; Baños, RosaDespite the increasing interest in understanding positive emotion regulation (ER)strategies and their relation with mental health, the relationship between responses to positive affect and cognitive styles such as optimism has yet to be tested empirically. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to empirically assess whether the effect of positive ER strategies (tested by the Responses to Positive Affect questionnaire -RPA) on optimism could be mediated by positive mood. Two hundred and fifty participants completed RPA questionnaire, measures of optimism and positive affect and received a positive mood induction (PMI) through Internet. Results show that induced positive mood did not mediate the relation between ER strategies and optimism levels. Nevertheless, dampening strategy was the only ER strategy that predicted the post-induction optimism level. Our findings point out the necessity of further studies in order to better understand the mechanisms involved in the emotional regulation and optimismo.
- PublicationOpen AccessPositive Psychology in Spain: A portrait of a vigorous field of research(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2016) Hervas, Gonzalo HervasPositive Psychology has been alive for almost two decades and it is a good moment to take stock and, most importantly, present a set of studies that allow us to identify trends, interests, methodologies andresultsthat are being generated within our borders.This monograph is thus an invitation to the reader, either researcher or professional, to explore this territoryand use this asa starting point for furtherinvestigation in the Positive Psychology literature.