Histology and histopathology Vol.30,nº10 (2015)
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- PublicationOpen AccessMolecular mechanisms in dental follicle precursor cells during the osteogenic differentiation(F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia: Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2015) Morsczeck, Christian
- PublicationOpen AccessRole of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1/2 (IDH 1/2) gene mutations in human tumors(F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia: Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2015) Liu, Xiang; Ling, Zhi-QiangIn recent years, frequent isocitrate dehydrogenase 1/2 (IDH1/IDH2) gene mutations were found in a variety of tumors, which specifically alter arginine residues of catalytic active site in IDH1/IDH2 and confer new enzymatic function of directly catalyzing alpha-ketoglutarate (α-KG) to R-2-hydroxyglutarate (2- HG). 2-HG could competitively inhibit α-KG–dependent enzymes and might therefore contribute to tumorigenesis. In addition, mutation status of IDH1/IDH2 is closely related to the progress and prognosis of certain tumors. Thus IDH1/IDH2 is considered to be a promising biomarker for early diagnosis and prognosis and targeted therapy. In this study, the current research on IDH1/IDH2 mutation, especially the mechanisms and clinical characteristics related to tumor, are reviewed.
- PublicationOpen AccessAnticancer properties of carotenoids in prostate cancer. A review(F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia: Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2015) da Costa Pereira Soares, Nathalia; Junger Teodoro, Anderson; Falagan Lotsch, Priscila; Mauro Granjeiro, José; Borojevic, RadovanProstate cancer is the most common noncutaneous cancer of men in the world. Several epidemiological studies have linked increased carotenoids consumption with decreased prostate cancer risk. These findings are supported by in vitro and in vivo experiments showing that carotenoids not only enhance the antioxidant response of prostate cells, but that they are able to inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis and decrease the metastatic capacity of prostate cancer cells. However, clear clinical evidence supporting the use of carotenoids in prevention or treatment of prostate cancer is not available, due to the limited number of published randomized clinical trials, and the varying protocols used in the existing studies. The scope of the present review is to discuss the potential impact of carotenoids on prostate cancer by giving an overview of the molecular mechanisms and in vitro / in vivo effects.
- PublicationOpen AccessThe clinical translational potential of p53-related alterations as cancer biomarkers(F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia: Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2015) Xiao, Meng; Wang, Xu; Chen, WantaoWe aimed to analyse and summarise the potential value of the clinical use of p53-related alterations as cancer biomarkers. A systematic search and collection of the published meta-analyses on p53- related alterations and cancers in the past 5 years was conducted through appropriate queries in the PubMed database. We then composed “grey-scale” tables to show the significant levels for each variant, and the potential heterogeneity was subsequently discussed. The data show that p53-related alterations are extremely complex biomarkers in terms of their clinical translation. Together with the experimental studies on p53-related alterations, a gold-standard approach is still in need of development, with more evidence from clinical studies with large, prospectively planned cohorts, to fully understand its potential as a cancer biomarker.
- PublicationOpen AccessInter- and intra-tumoral relationships between vasculature characteristics, GLUT1 and budding in colorectal carcinoma(F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia: Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2015) Mezheyeuski, Artur; Nerovnya, Alexander; Bich, Tatjana; Tur, Gennadiy; Ostman, Arne; Portyanko, AnnaVascular characteristics, hypoxia and tumor budding are features that have been implied in the biology and prognosis of colorectal cancer. Internal relationships and the inter- and intra-tumoral variation of these tumor properties remain to be determined. In the current study we have characterized blood vessel status in different areas of CRC and in the peritumoral fibroblastic stroma. Analyses of these characteristics have been supplemented by characterization of budding and hypoxia. Analyses revealed significantly lower values of vessel perimeter (VP) and vessel lumen area (VL) at the invasive front and surrounding stroma as compared to the tumor center. Also, the number of vessels (VN) in the peritumoral stroma was higher than in the center. Thus, tumor center displays larger and fewer vessels as compared to the tumor periphery. GLUT1 expression was correlated directly with VN (r=0.351, p=0.028) and inversely with VL and VP (r=- 0.432, p=0.006 and r=-0.484, p=0.002) at the invasive front. Moreover, GLUT1 expression, VP at the invasive front, and VN in the surrounding peritumoral stroma, were associated with budding score (r=0.574, p<0.000, r=-0.340, p=0,034 and r=-0,389, p=0.025 respectively). Furthermore, GLUT1, budding score, vessel number in peritumoral stroma, and vessel size in the invasive front, were significantly different in tumors with or without lymph node metastasis. This study reports previously unrecognized relationships between localization-specific vascular characteristics, hypoxia and tumor budding. The findings suggest potential functional relationships, which should be further explored, and also highlight the inter-tumoral variations in vasculature, which is highly relevant for ongoing efforts to identify vessel-based biomarkers.
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