Browsing by Subject "Nervous system"
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- PublicationOpen AccessCell types in the central nervous system infected by murine retroviruses: implications for the mechanisms of neurodegeneration(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1994) Wong, P.K.Y.; Yuen, P.H.Retroviruses are an important cause of neurologic disease in humans but the pathogenic mechanisms are poorly understood. To delineate pathogenic mechanisms in any neurologic disease in humans is extremely difficult and will continue to rely on the use of animal models. This review presents severa1 murine models to study the pathogenic mechanisms of neurodegenerative disease which manifest noninflammatory spongiform lesions in the CNS. The cell types in the CNS infected by these murine retroviruses and their role in disease induction are discussed.
- PublicationOpen AccessCrim1–, a regulator of developmental organogenesis(Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2016) Iyer, Swati; Pennisi, David J.; Piper, MichaelThe regulation of growth factor localization, availability and activity is critical during embryogenesis to ensure appropriate organogenesis. This process is regulated through the coordinated expression of growth factors and their cognate receptors, as well as via proteins that can bind, sequester or localize growth factors to distinct locations. One such protein is the transmembrane protein Crim1. This protein has been shown to be expressed broadly within the developing embryo, and to regulate organogenesis within the eye, kidney and placenta. Mechanistically, Crim1 has been revealed to mediate organogenesis via its interaction with growth factors including TGFβs, BMPs, VEGFs and PDFGs. More recently, Crim1 has been shown to influence cardiac development, providing further insights into the function of this protein. This review will provide an overview of the role of Crim1 in organogenesis, largely focusing on how this protein regulates growth factor signaling in the nascent heart. Moreover, we will address the challenges ahead relating to further elucidating how Crim1 functions during development.
PublicationOpen AccessDataset used for the article: "Temporal dynamics of inflammation in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) induced by λ-carrageenan, LPS, and Poly I:C: from behaviour to gene expression"(2024-07-11) Campos Sánchez, Jose Carlos; Cabrera-Álvarez, Maria José; Oliveira, Ana Rita; Duarte Oliveira, Gonçalo; Guardiola, Francisco A.; Esteban, María Ángeles; Soares, Florbela; Saraiva , João L.; Biología Celular e Histología- PublicationOpen AccessHeredopathia atactica polyneuritiformis (Refsum's disease)(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1990) Cervós-Navarro, J.A female patient started to develop deafness and vertigo at the age of 29. In the following years she became atactic and retinitis pigmentosa was discovered. The diagnosis of Refsum's disease was reached on the grounds of the high concentration of phytanic acid in plasma. The patient died 23 years after onset of the first symptons. Liver, spleen and kidney showed lipofuscinosis and pigment-laden macrophages. The retina was atrophic and its pigment discontinuous. The meninges contained lipid-laden macrophages. The nerve cells in brain and spinal cord as well as the astrocytes and perivascular macrophages stored substances weakly PAS-positive and sudanophilic. The nerve cells accumulated lysosomes and residual bodies. In the astrocytes, the residual bodies were extremely polymorphous and contained inclusions with bilamellar ribbon-like structures. In the oligodendroglia the residual bodies displayed high electron density and finger print-like pattern. Peroxisomes were found in glial cells and microperoximes in neurons. The ultrastructural findings in the present case demonstrate that in terminal stages phytanic acid can reach the brain parenchyma passing through the BBB. Further autopsy studies will be necessary to determine whether these changes are consistent findings in Refsum's disease.
- PublicationOpen AccessNeurociencia y educación: una mirada desde la biología-cultural(Universidad de Zaragoza, Asociación Universitaria de Formación del Profesorado (AUFOP), 2012) Ramírez Muñoz, SimónSin dudas la neurociencia y la educación son dos dominios que caminan juntos de manera disjunta no separada, y sin duda se sabe mucho de las particularidades de ambos dominios. Desde la biología del conocimiento (MATURANA, 1969) y la biología-cultural (MATURANA y DÁVILA, 2008) se introduce un nuevo marco epistemológico en torno a estas dinámicas que se correlacionan pero con sus propias coherencias operacionales. Este artículo muestra que el sistema nervioso opera distinguiendo configuraciones y no captando elementos de un medio independiente y que el fenómeno de la educación ocurre como una transformación en la convivencia.
- PublicationOpen AccessRole of oxidative damage in the pathogenesis of viral infections of the nervous system(Murcia : F. Hernández, 2005) Valyi-Nagy, T.; Dermody, T.S.Oxidative stress, primarily due to increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), is a feature of many viral infections. ROS and RNS modulate the permissiveness of cells to viral replication, regulate host inflammatory and immune responses, and cause oxidative damage to both host tissue and progeny virus. The lipid-rich nervous system is particularly susceptible to lipid peroxidation, an autocatalytic process that damages lipid-containing structures and yields reactive by-products, which can covalently modify and damage cellular macromolecules. Oxidative injury is a component of acute encephalitis caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 and reovirus, neurodegenerative disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus and murine leukemia virus, and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis caused by measles virus. The extent to which oxidative damage plays a beneficial role for the host by limiting viral replication is largely unknown. An enhanced understanding of the role of oxidative damage in viral infections of the nervous system may lead to therapeutic strategies to reduce tissue damage during viral infection without impeding the host antiviral response.
- PublicationOpen AccessThe Golgi method. A historical through contemporary view(Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2025) González Burgos, IgnacioKnowledge regarding the biology of the nervous system and its functions has gone through various theoretical, methodological, and interpretative stages throughout history, depending largely on technical advances that have allowed us not only to approach old questions from new perspectives but also to address new ones. One advance that constituted a watershed in the history of neuroscience was the appearance of a chrome-silver staining technique called the Golgi method that allowed the complete, three-dimensional observation of nerve cells. Discovered by Camilo Golgi and, later, modified significantly and employed by Santiago Ramón y Cajal, Golgi’s method was crucial in demonstrating the veracity of the Neuronal Theory over the earlier Reticular Theory, and in revealing numerous findings related to the human brain and those of many other animal species, which continue to be analyzed today. Despite a period of scientific recession in the first half of the 20th century, the use of the Golgi method prevailed and even expanded in the second half of that century and into the 21st, as researchers continued to use it in its original or modified form and in combination with emerging methodologies. Currently, there are no signs of any decline in its use.