Browsing by Subject "Muscle"
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- PublicationOpen AccessChanges in lipid composition of different tissues of common octopus (Octopus vulgaris) during short-term starvation(Wiley, 2013-07-09) Sánchez Morillo-Velarde, Mª Piedad; Cerezo Valverde, Jesús; Serra Llinares, Rosa M.; García García, Benjamín; Biología Celular e HistologíaIn this work, we study the variations in concentration (mg 100 g−1 dry weight) and total content (mg individual−1) of different lipid classes in muscle and the digestive gland of Octopus vulgaris during an 8-day starvation period. In all the samples analysed, polar lipids (PL) predominated in muscle (267.3–337.2 mg 100 g−1) compared with neutral lipids (66.9–104.7 mg 100 g−1). A significant positive tendency was observed in muscle for the content and concentration of monoglycerides as a consequence of starvation (P < 0.05). Furthermore, a higher cholesterol (CHO) content was detected in this tissue after the fourth day of starvation compared with the fed animals (P < 0.05). Neutral lipids predominated in the digestive gland (12 958–14 151 mg 100 g−1) compared with PL (3157–6517 mg 100 g−1), with triglycerides, free fatty acids and monoglycerides being the major lipid classes. The concentration of PL and monoglycerides showed a positive trend with starvation, while the triacylglycerol showed a negative tendency (P < 0.05). The results suggest that triglycerides and CHO are transported simultaneously from the digestive gland to the muscular tissues during starvation and the preferential use of PL and CHO during growth phases. It was estimated that lipids contributed 26% of the energy costs of the animals during starvation, mainly in the form of triglycerides from the digestive gland.
- PublicationOpen AccessChronic microplastic exposure and cadmium accumulation in Blue Crabs(MDPI, 2022-05-05) Hernández-López, María; Romero, Diego; Ciencias SociosanitariasAquatic ecosystems are severely threatened by the presence of a multitude of pollutants. In seas and oceans, the amount of plastics continues to increase and there is great concern about toxic element accumulation. Specifically, cadmium (Cd), a toxic metal, is highly relevant to public health safety due to its ability to accumulate in the internal tissues of crustaceans; likewise, microplastics (MPs) are emerging as pollutants capable of causing alterations in marine organisms. The aim of this study was thus to evaluate the accumulation and distribution of Cd in the tissue of blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus) chronically exposed to MPs (25 µg L−1). In total, 24 crabs were exposed in water for 118 days to 2 types of MPs (virgin and oxidised). During the final 21 days of the experiment, the crabs were fed with tuna liver, a viscera in which Cd accumulates (mean of 7.262 µg g−1). The presence of MPs caused no changes in Cd concentrations in either the haemolymph or tissues (hepatopancreas, gills, and muscles) of the crabs, although for oxidised MPs, there was a positive correlation between Cd concentrations in the hepatopancreas and muscles, a relevant finding for food safety.
- PublicationOpen AccessDistribution of cytoskeletal and adhesion proteins in adult zebrafish skeletal muscle(Murcia : F. Hernández, 2009) Câmara-Pereira, E.S.; Campos, L.M.; Vannier-Santos, M.A.; Mermelstein, C.S.; Costa, M.L.The organization of cytoskeletal and adhesion proteins in skeletal muscle is critical for its contractile function. Zebrafish has become a paramount model for studies of vertebrate biology, including muscle. However, only a few studies have been published using immunolabeling to specifically localize proteins in adult zebrafish muscle. To fully appreciate the distribution of cytoskeletal and adhesion proteins, and therefore to better correlate the adult muscle with its myogenesis, we used indirect immunofluorescence microscopy of frozen adult zebrafish skeletal muscle sections. Here we describe the fish muscle cytoskeletal architecture and location of the major myofibrillar proteins desmin, alpha-actinin, myosin, titin, troponin, tropomyosin and nebulin, the adhesion proteins vinculin and paxillin, and the extracellular matrix proteins laminin and fibronectin. Electron microscopical analysis in ultra-thin sections of adult zebrafish skeletal muscle showed bundles of collagen fibers and fibroblastic cells in the extracellular space of the myosepta.
- PublicationOpen AccessImmunohistochemical localization of human fructose–1,6–bisphosphatase in subcellular structures of myocytes(Murcia : F. Hernández, 2003) Gizak, A.; Rakus, D.; Dzugaj, A.The localization of fructose-1,6- bisphosphatase (FBPase) in human skeletal muscle was determined immunohistochemically using polyclonal antibodies. Light microscopy analysis, confirmed with the use of confocal microscopy, indicated that the enzyme is localized on both sides of the Z line of myocytes. The immunohistochemical investigation was confirmed by a co-sedimentation experiment which revealed that muscle FBPase binds strongly to a-actinin - a major structural protein of the Z line. This is the first report on localization of FBPase in skeletal muscle tissue.
- PublicationEmbargoIntra- and inter-rater reliability of electrical impedance myography using adhesive electrodes in healthy volunteers(Elsevier, 2020-09-02) Martínez González, Mariano; Montilla Herrador, Joaquina; García Vidal, José Antonio; Escolar Reina, Pilar; Gacto Sánchez, Mariano; Medina Mirapeix, Francesc; FisioterapiaIn spite of the growing use of the electrical impedance myography (EIM) measures for clinical assessment and follow-up of diseased muscle tissue, reliability studies are scarce. We evaluate the reliability of the (EIM) technique using four adhesive electrodes over the muscle of interest. Intra- and inter-rater reliability was studied within the same session and between sessions. Thirty-one healthy and volunteer subjects aged between 20 and 26 years were recruited. Phase angle, reactance and resistance were assessed for each EIM measurement. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to determine the relative reliability. Absolute reliability was expressed as the standard error of measurement and the minimum detectable change. Relative reliability within the same session and between sessions for the EIM technique was excellent (ICCs > 0.9) concerning both intra- and inter-rater reliability, except for the component reactance. The absolute reliability was very high for the three EIM components. EIM measures using four adhesive electrodes over the area of interest is a reliable technique to assess muscle tissue status. This study confirms that these measurement results barely vary depending on the examiner and the moment. The present study also confirms phase angle as the least affected EIM component by examiner and evaluation moment.
- PublicationOpen AccessKilling two birds with one stone: The multifunctional roles of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of neurodegenerative and muscle diseases(Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2018) Lee, Na Kyung; Na, Duk L.; Chang, Jong WookNeurodegenerative and muscle diseases bear both complex and multifactorial pathologies. An efficacious and robust therapeutic option to treat these diseases is yet to be elucidated. At such a time, mesenchymal stem cells have drawn significant attention due to their immunomodulatory and regenerative properties. Accumulating evidence has proposed the capability of MSCs to serve multiple roles in a broad spectrum of diseases by secretion of trophic or paracrine factors. In the present review, we will look into the recent literature and discuss the therapeutic functions of MSCs and their potential to treat various neurodegenerative (Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s disease) and muscle (Duchenne muscular dystrophy, myopathy, and multiple sclerosis) diseases.
- PublicationOpen AccessMorphometric evaluation of capillary basement membrane thickness in the quadriceps muscle of diabetic and nondiabetic Chinese hamsters.(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1986) Sawada, Gerianne; Wyse, Beatrice M.; Blanksl, Margaret C.; Vidmaiz, Thornas J.; Guerritsen, George C.; Dianil, Arthur R.Quadriceps muscle capillaries from 19-23 month old genetically diabetic (XA and AC) and nondiabetic (M) subline Chinese.. hamsters were morphometrically evaluated to determine if capillary basement membrane thickening (CBMT) is a quantifiable complication of diabetes. Significant CBMT was present in the diabetic XA Chinese hamsters (49.37 nm tr 17.81, p .c 0.007) in comparison with the nondiabetic M. hamsters (34.08 nm + 9.98). Although there was a trend towards expansion of the muscle capillary basement membranes in the diabetic AC Chinese hamsters, the value was not statistically significant. A nested analysis of variance showed that the greatest source of variation in basement membrane thickness occurred among capillaries within each animal. In addition, a positive correlation (r = 0.62; p< 0.002) existed between blood glucose levels and CBMT in the XA subline. These data should serve as guidelines for evaluation of antimicrovasc,ular disease compounds which will be tested to determine if they prevent or retard microangiopathy in the diabetic Chinese hamster.
- PublicationOpen AccessMuscle fiber types in tetrapods. A comparative histochemical and morphometric study(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1987) Burgos Bretones, Juan J.; Razquin Peralta, Blanca.; Aguirre Urizar, José; Rivera Pomar, José M.A comparative histochemical and morphometric study in two groups of homologous muscles from different tetrapods (rat, pigeon, lizard and frog) was performed. On the basis of their fiber diameters and oxidative enzyme activities, an initial correlation between fiber types of al1 animals is observed, although in the lizard and frog muscles, another fiber type does exists that could not be demonstrated in higher vertebrates. When more than one histochemical techniques are used for the identification of each tetrapod fiber types, the lack of correlation between them becomes obvious. Thus, different animals groups, each showing a characteristic muscle metabolic pattern, could be distinguished.
- PublicationOpen AccessNandrolone decanoate increases satellite cell numbers in the chicken pectoralis muscle(Murcia : F. Hernández, 2010) Allouh, Mohammed Z.; Rosser, Benjamin W.C.The anabolic androgenic steroid nandrolonedecanoate has minimal androgenic effects and, thus, iswidely used to induce muscle hypertrophy in bothpatients and athletes. Although increases in satellite cellnumbers and satellite cells giving rise to new myonucleiare associated with hypertrophy in many experimentalmodels, the relationship between nandrolone andsatellite cells is poorly understood. Here we test thehypothesis that nandrolone administration is associatedwith an increase in satellite cell numbers in muscle.Nandrolone was injected at weekly intervals for fourweeks into the right pectoralis muscle of female whiteleghorn chickens aged 63 days post hatch. Age/size/sexmatched control birds received saline injections. Thecontralateral pectoralis was excised for study from eachcontrol and nandrolone treated bird. An antibody againstPax7 and immunocytochemical techniques were used toidentify satellite cells. Nandrolone significantlyincreased mean pectoralis mass by approximately 22%,and mean fiber diameter by about 24%. All satellite cellindices that were quantified increased significantly inchicken pectoralis with administration of nandrolone.Nandrolone injected birds had on average higher satellitecell frequencies (#SC nuclei/all nuclei within basallamina), number of satellite cells per millimeter of fiber,and satellite cell concentrations (closer together).Myonuclei were further apart (less concentrated) innandrolone injected muscle. However, an overallincrease in myonuclear numbers was revealed by asignificantly greater mean number of myonuclei permillimeter of fiber in nandrolone injected muscle. Ourresults suggest that satellite cells may be key cellular vectors for nandrolone induced muscle fiberhypertrophy.
- PublicationOpen AccessThe cytoskeleton in skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle cells(F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 1998) Stromer, M. H.The muscle cell cytoskeleton consists of proteins or structures whose primary function is to link, anchor or tether structural components inside the cell. Two important attributes of the cytoskeleton are strength of the various attachments and flexibility to accommodate the changes in cell geometry that occur during contraction. In striated muscle cells, extramyofibrillar and intramyofibrillar domains of the cytoskeleton have been identifi ed , Evidence of the extramyofibrillar cytoskeleton is seen at the cytoplasmic face of the sa rcolemma in striated muscle where vinculin- and dystrophin-rich costameres adjacent to sarcomeric Z lines anchor intermedi a te filaments that span from peripheral myofibrils to the sarcolemma. Intermediate filaments also link Z lines of adjacent myofibrils and may, in some muscles, link successive Z lines within a myofibril at the surface of the myofibril. The intramyofibrillar cytoskeletal domain includes elastic titin filaments from adjacent sarcomeres that are anchored in the Z line and continue through the M line at the center of the sa rcomere; inelastic nebulin filaments also anchored in the Z line and co-extensible with thin filaments; the Z line, which also anchors thin filaments from adjacent sarcomeres; and the M line, which forms bridges between the centers of adjacent thick filaments, In smooth muscle, the cytoskeleton includes adherens junctions at the cytoplasmic face of the sarcolemma, which a nchor B-actin filaments and intermediate filaments of the cytoskeleton, and dense bodies in the cytoplasm, which also anchor actin filaments and intermediate filaments and which may be the interface between cytoskeletal and contractile elements.
- PublicationOpen AccessThe onset and duration of mobilization affect the regeneration in the rat muscle(Murcia : F. Hernández, 2008) Faria, F.E.T.; Ferrari, R.J.; Distefano, G.; Ducatti, A.C.; Montebelo, M.I.L.; Minamoto, V.B.; Soares, K.F.The effects of different mobilization protocols for muscle regeneration after myotoxin injury was compared in the rat tibialis anterior (TA) muscle. Adult Wistar rats were divided into control (C); mobilized (M); injury (I); injury + late mobilization (LM) and injury + early mobilization (EM) groups. Muscle injury was induced by intramuscular lidocaine injection. The exercised animals were mobilized for 5 and 8 days during 15 and 45 minutes/session. The swimming started 1 hour or 3 days after injury. All animals were killed 8 days after the injury, together with the control group, when the TA muscles were weighted and excised. Cross sections were obtained by cryostat and submitted to Toluidine Blue stain. Qualitative morphological characterization of muscle regeneration and quantitative analysis of muscle fiber and non-muscle fiber area density were performed. The I and late mobilization groups showed decreased muscle mass when compared to all other groups. All injured animals showed signs of muscle fiber damage, although signs of early regenerated muscle fibers were more evident in injury + mobilization groups. Only the EM groups submitted to 45 minutes of exercise had increased muscle fiber and decreased non-muscle fiber area density values when compared to I group (p<0.05). Conclusion: the regeneration process is related to the onset of exercise, since animals submitted to early mobilization showed improved regeneration when comparted to LM groups. Besides, the length of session is also important for accelerating the regeneration process, as it was observed that 45 minutes was better than 15 minutes duration.
- PublicationOpen AccessTraining effects of the FIFA 11+ and Harmoknee on several neuromuscular parameters of physical performance measures(Thieme Gruppe, 2017) Pomares Noguera, Carlos; García Vaquero, María del Pilar; Ruiz Pérez, Ignacio; Hernández Sánchez, Sergio; De Ste Croix, Mark; Ayala Rodríguez, Francisco; Robles Palazón, Francisco Javier; Actividad Física y DeporteThe main purpose of this study was to analyse the training effects of the FIFA 11+ and Harmoknee on several parameters of physical performance measures in youth amateur football players. Forty-one adolescent players were randomised within each team into two groups (team 1: control vs. FIFA 11+; team 2: control vs. Harmoknee). The FIFA 11+ and Harmoknee groups performed the program 3 times a week for 4 weeks; the control groups completed their usual warm-up routines. Thirteen physical performance measures (joint range of motion, dynamic postural control, single legged hop limb symmetry, sprint time, jumping height and agility) were assessed. All physical performance parameters were compared via a magnitude-based inference analysis. Significant between-group differences (in favour of the FIFA 11+ players) were found for dynamic postural control (anterior [2.5%] and posteromedial [7.2%] distances), single legged hop limb symmetry (side-to-side symmetry during a triple hop test [8.3%]), 10 (8.4%) and 20 (1.8%) m sprint times and jumping height (9.1%) neuromuscular outcomes. For the Harmoknee, significant differences (in comparison to its paired control group) were found only for 10 (2.7%) and 20 (2.9%) m sprint times and jumping height (9.7%). Therefore, the main findings of this study suggest exchanging traditional warm-up programmes for the FIFA 11+ in male youth soccer players based on its superior effects on some neuromuscular parameters (sprinting, jumping and stability) of physical performance.
- PublicationEmbargoUltrasound therapy in rectus sheath hematoma(Oxford University Press, 2005-04-01) Berná Serna, Juan de Dios; Sánchez Garre, Juan; Madrigal, Manuel; Zuazu, Isabel; Berná Mestre, Juan de Dios; Dermatología, Estomatología, Radiología y Medicina FísicaUltrasound (US) is one of the most common modalities used in intervention for musculoskeletal disorders, although its effectiveness is debated. The purpose of this case report is to describe the intervention, including the use of US, in the management of a large rectus sheath hematoma (RSH) in a patient receiving anticoagulant therapy. The patient was a 62-year-old woman with RSH who was receiving oral anticoagulant therapy and had a history of bouts of coughing. Computed tomographic scans verified the diagnosis of RSH. The report describes the patient examination, management, intervention, and outcomes. The intervention, including the use of US therapy, may have enabled a rapid resolution of the hematoma. This case report illustrates how US may be a useful modality for complementary management of RSH, helping the reabsorption of the hematoma.