Browsing by Subject "Canine"

Now showing 1 - 15 of 15
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    Canine capillary formation in vitro
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 1990) Logothetou-Rella, H.; Nesland, Jahn M.; Kipiotis, D.; Paraschou, E.; Sechas, M.; Varonos, D.D.
    Microvascular endothelial cells derived from canine subcutaneous adipose tissue formed knob-like and tube-like structures in vitro without tumorconditioned medium or special substrate. The knob-like structures consisted of acidic and basic glycosaminoglycans arranged in order. Knob-like structures were built from cell extrudates and were responsible for capillary lumen formation in vitro. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the endothelial nature of the cells which expressed extensive phagolysosomal activity.
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    Canine carcinosarcomas in the head
    (SAGE Publications, 2005-11) Sánchez, J.; Buendía, A. J.; Villafranca, M.; Velarde, R.; Altamira, J.; Martínez Cáceres, Carlos Manuel; Navarro, J. A.; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas
    Four cases of neoplasms in the heads of old dogs were studied. All the dogs showed both carcinomatous and sarcomatous malignant components in an admixed growing pattern. Histologic analysis of the tumors showed that the carcinomatous cells resembled squamous cell carcinoma in all dogs except one, where an adenoid arrangement of the neoplastic cells was also observed. The sarcomatous component showed osteoid matrix produced by pleomorphic poorly differentiated cells, which is regarded as a typical feature of osteosarcomas. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that the components were positive only for cytokeratin (carcinomatous component) or vimentin (sarcomatous component). This observation led us to classify the neoplasms as true carcinosarcomas, thus providing evidence of a new preferential location for this unusual tumor in dog.
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    Claudin-5 protein is a new differential marker for histopathological differential diagnosis of canine hemangiosarcoma
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 2009) Jakab, Cs.; Halász, J.; Kiss, A.; Schaff, Z.; Rusvai, M.; Gálfi, P.; Abonyi, T.Z.; Kulka, J.
    Aims: Claudin-5 protein is an endothelspecific claudin, present in tight junctions. To evaluate its usefulness as a differential diagnostic marker of canine hemangiosarcomas, the expression of claudin-5 molecule was studied in different canine tumours of vascular origin. Methods and results: Ninety two canine neoplastic tissue samples obtained from necropsies and biopsy specimens were routinely processed and stained immunhistochemically for claudin-5. The neoplastic endothelial cells of canine hemangiosarcomas, hemangiomas, and lymphangiomas showed a strong membrane immunoreactivity for claudin-5, but the other investigated canine malignant and benign tumours, including fibrosarcomas, myxo-, leiomyo-, cardiac rhabdomyo-, neurofibro-, synovial-, osteo-, and chondrosarcomas, spindle cell melanomas, hemangiopericytomas, benign fibroblast proliferations, and leiomyomas were negative for this endothelial marker. In these non-vascular canine tumours intense immunostaining was detected in the endothelial cells of the incorporated intratumoural vessels and neovasculature. The canine splenic hematomas induced by hemangiosarcomas were distinguished from splenic hematomas induced by non-neoplastic lesions by the means of claudin-5 protein. In hemangiosarcomas the percentage of positive neoplastic endothelial cells was higher, and stronger when using the claudin-5 molecule compared to CD31 and vWf. Conclusion: The results show that claudin-5 molecule can be used as a new differential marker, and could also be of a diagnostic value in the differential diagnosis of canine hemangiosarcomas from sarcomas of other origin with hemorrhages or increased vascularization. Claudin-5 could help to reveal neoplastic proliferation of endothelial cells causing splenic hematomas and differentiate these tumours from non-vascular neoplastic splenic lesion. The immunohistochemical detection of the claudin-5 protein had a higher sensitivity than CD31, and vWf antigen in case of canine hemangiosarcomas.
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    Clinical, diagnostic and epidemiological implications of Hepatozoon spp., Babesia spp. and Leishmania infantum infection in cats and dogs in a Mediterranean periurban setting
    (Springer, 2023-01) Ortuño, María; Bernal, Ana; Nachum Biala, Yaarit; Muñoz, Clara; Risueño, José; Ortiz Sánchez, Juana; Baneth, Gad; Berriatua, Eduardo; Sanidad Animal
    Hepatozoon spp., Babesia spp. and Leishmania infantum are common parasites of dogs in Mediterranean countries and are less frequent in cats, particularly Babesia spp. and L. infantum. Moreover, there is limited information on coinfections between these parasites and on L. infantum’s distribution in blood, skin and lymphoid tissue in cats. We used PCR and DNA sequencing to investigate the prevalence of these parasites and the aetiology of Hepatozoon spp. and Babesia spp., in blood, skin, spleen and lymph node samples from up to 212 stray cats and 82 abandoned dogs in southeast Spain. All except 2 dogs were healthy; instead, 112 cats had clinical signs. The estimated PCR prevalences (95% confidence interval) were 25% (19–31%) Hepatozoon felis in cats, 13% (6–21%) Hepatozoon canis in dogs, 1% (0–4%) Babesia vogeli in dogs, 0% Babesia spp. in cats and 21% (15–26%) and 44% (33–55%) L. infantum in cats and dogs, respectively, and infections were not associated with each other. Leishmania infantum prevalence in lymphoid tissue was significantly higher in dogs than in cats (p < 0.001), and dogs had higher parasite loads than cats (p = 0.012). Moreover, L. infantum prevalence was significantly higher in the skin and lymphoid tissue compared to blood in infected, asymptomatic animals but it was similar in cats with clinical signs, which also had higher parasite loads compared to infected, asymptomatic cats (p < 0.05). The study highlights significant differences between sympatric dogs and cats with respect to the parasite infections investigated, as well as the need to examine both lymphoid tissue and skin samples to maximise the sensitivity of L. infantum infection diagnosis.
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    Comparación de la utilidad de técnicas radiográficas, endoscópicas y fluoroscópicas para el diagnóstico de colapso de las vías aéreas en perros
    (Facultad de Veterinaria y el Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia, 2023) Ortega Inglés, Ana; Talavera López, Jesús
    El colapso se define como el estrechamiento de las vías respiratorias que impide el correcto flujo de aire ha-cia el interior, dificultando la respiración. Pueden verse afectadas varias regiones al mismo tiempo o de manera escalonada ya que presenta una naturaleza dinámica, lo que supone a veces un reto diagnóstico que requiere la combinación de varias técnicas de imagen. El objetivo principal de este estudio era poder comparar la utilidad de las técnicas fluoroscópicas, endoscópicas y radiográficas a la hora de diagnosticar el colapso de las vías respiratorias en un grupo de perros. Para ello, se realizó un estudio en 9 perros cuyo diagnóstico de colapso de las vías respiratorias (faringe, laringe, tráquea cervical/intratorácica y bronquios) se confirmó por vía fluoroscópica, y para los que además se disponía de radiografías de tórax y endoscopia de las vías aéreas.Los resultados del estudio indicaron que la endoscopia es la técnica más sensible en la valoración del co-lapso laríngeo y bronquial, ya que detectó colapso laríngeo en el 57,14% de los casos y colapso bronquial en el 77,7%. Sin embargo, al requerir anestesia puede llegar a sobrestimar el grado de colapso traqueal. Además, mostró que la radiografía puede sobrediagnosticar el colapso traqueal cervical, ocasionando alto porcentaje de falsos positivos (67%). Por su parte, la fluoroscopia resultó ser superior a la endoscopia en la evaluación diná-mica del colapso traqueal intratorácico, al identificarlo en 3 casos no identificados por la endoscopia.El uso combinado de fluoroscopia y endoscopia incrementan la fiabilidad del diagnóstico de colapso de vías respiratorias. Aun así, la radiografía, la endoscopia y la fluoroscopia deben entenderse como técnicas com-plementarias que colaboran en la detección y evaluación de la gravedad del colapso de vías aéreas en perros.
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    Development of a time-resolved fluorometry based immunoassay for the determination of canine haptoglobin in various body fluids
    (INRA / EDP Sciences, 2005) Parra Muñoz, María Dolores; Väisänen, Ville; Cerón Madrigal, José Joaquín; Ciencias Sociosanitarias
    A time-resolved immunofluorometric assay (TR-IFMA) was developed for the determination of haptoglobin (Hp) in canine serum. Haptoglobin was purified from canine acute phase serum by ammonium sulphate precipitation followed by gel filtration. This isolated dog Hp was used as the standard to calibrate the assay. Intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation of the assay were, respectively, 5.7% and 16.6% at 0.51 mg/mL, 2.4% and 10.6% at 2.1 mg/mL and 10.5% and 11.9% at 32.5 mg/mL. The dilution of serum samples with high Hp concentrations resulted in linear regression equations with R2 of 0.99 and 0.97. A high correlation was found in serum Hp measurements by TR-IFMA and a commercial assay based on peroxidase activity of haemoglobin bound to haptoglobin (R2 = 0.96). The limit of detection for the TR-IFMA method was 0.002 µg/mL. The addition of fresh haemolysate to serum samples did not affect the haptoglobin concentration (P = 0.694). Statistical differences (P < 0.003) were found between healthy dogs and dogs with different pathological processes. In whole blood, Hp concentrations were much lower than in serum but closely related (R2 = 0.84) whereas saliva Hp concentrations were poorly related with serum concentrations (R2 =0.53). However, the concentration of Hp in saliva was significantly (P < 0.039) higher in dogs with pathological processes compared to healthy dogs. The assay sensitivity was adequate to also be applied to whole blood and saliva specimens.
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    Evaluation of the presence of gingivitis as confounding factor in assessing inflammatory status in serum and saliva of dogs with diabetes mellitus
    (BioMed Central, 2024-03-23) Franco-Martínez, Lorena; Muñoz Prieto, Alberto; Busato, Francesca; Karveliene, Birute; Stadaliene, Inga; Cerón, José J.; Carrillo, Juana D.; García Martínez, Juan Diego; Dabrowski, Roman; Pardo Marín, Luis; Martínez Subiela, Silvia; Tvarijonaviciute, Asta; Medicina y Cirugía Animal
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in the serum and salivary inflammatory markers induced by Diabetes mellitus (DM) in dogs and to assess the possible confounding effect of gingivitis. A panel of 13 cytokines was measured in the serum and saliva of dogs diagnosed with DM and compared with healthy dogs without gingivitis (control group 1; CG1) and dogs with gingivitis but otherwise healthy (control group 2; CG2). The results of the present study showed statistically significantly higher levels of IL-8, KC-like and MCP1 in the serum of dogs with DM compared to CG1 dogs. In the case of saliva, the DM group presented statistically higher GM-CSF, IL6, IL15, and MCP1 levels compared to CG1, and lower KC-like chemokine compared to CG2. Finally, gingivitis produced changes in saliva, with salivary levels of GM-CSF, IL-6, IL-7, IL-15, IP-10, KC-like, IL-10, IL-18, MCP1, TNFα being statistically significantly higher in the saliva of CG2 dogs compared to CG1. The results of the present study indicate that dogs with DM have altered cytokine levels in serum and saliva compared to healthy dogs. In addition, this study highlights the importance of taking oral health into account when determining cytokines in dogs, as gingivitis can significantly alter their concentrations.
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    Evaluation of the right parasternal four-chamber view for the assessment of left ventricular longitudinal strain and strain rate by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in dogs
    (2018-09) Santarelli, Giorgia; Talavera López, Jesús; Fernández del Palacio, Maria Josefa; Medicina y Cirugía Animal
    Two-dimensional (2-D) speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) is a relatively new imaging technique, introduced in veterinary medicine to aid the assessment of left ventricular (LV) myocardial function. Among other indices, LV longitudinal strain and strain rate (SR) can be measured with this modality, and in dogs they are usually obtained from the left apical four-chamber (LAp4Ch) view. However, in this species, a good quality right parasternal four-chamber (RP4Ch) view can generally be attained, and the aim of this study was therefore to determine its feasibility and reliability for longitudinal strain and SR assessment, and to establish whether the two projections can be used interchangeably. Fifty healthy dogs and twenty-five dogs with various cardiac diseases were examined. Longitudinal global and segmental strains and global SR of the LV were obtained with 2-D STE by use of RP4Ch and LAp4Ch views. Intra-observer (within-day and between-day) and inter-observer variabilities were established, and strain and SR values obtained from the two views were compared. The RP4Ch view demonstrated to be feasible for the assessment of longitudinal strain and SR by use of 2-D STE in healthy and diseased dogs. However, out of sector motion of the apical segments could occur and induce tracking errors. The values obtained from this view and the LAp4Ch view were significantly different, and therefore they should not be used interchangeably. Further, the software employed in the present study performed better global than segmental strain analysis for both views.
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    Geographical Variation and Factors Associated to Seroprevalence of Canine Leishmaniosis in an Endemic Mediterranean Area
    (Blackwell Verlag GmbH, 2010) Alonso de Vega, Francisco; Giménez Font, P.; Manchón, Manuel; Ruiz de Ybáñez Carnero, María del Rocío; Segovia, M.; Berriatua, Eduardo; Sanidad Animal
    This article retrospectively analyses the spatial distribution and dog- and environmental-level risk factors associated to Leishmania infantum seroprevalence mong 807 asymptomatic dogs in the Municipality of Crevillente in Alicante in southeast Spain in 1999. They represented 60% of the dogs in this 103 km2 area, with a human census of 27 034 people and 90% lived in Crevillente town. The estimated seroprevalence (95% confidence interval) in 714 dogs ‡1-year old was 22% (19–25) however; it was 12% (8–15) in town dogs and 0–100% in other administrative zones. High–medium seroprevalence zone clustered along a northeast–southwest fringe and around the town. They comprised the highest and driest inhabited part of the municipality, where farmland was interspersed by residential detached houses, whilst null–low seroprevalence zones included larger farmland extensions and two small rural villages. Predominant vegetation and ground soil type were bush, non-irrigated fruit trees and conglomerate crust and sandstone in medium–high seroprevalence zones and irrigated grassland and fruit trees and colluvial deposits in null–low seroprevalence zones. Random effects logistic regression indicated that the prevalence of infection with L. infantum was higher for dogs sharing residence with infected dogs, increased until 5–6 years old and with body weight and was associated to increasing conglomerate crust and low surface water in the dog’s zone of residence. The study confirms that L. infantum infection is endemic in this part of Spain and shows that prevalence can vary significantly within a small area depending on specific demographic and environmental factors conditioning the habitat of the local L. infantum vector, Phlebotomus perniciosus. It suggests similar low-scale variability is present in other geographically variable endemic areas and should be investigated to design Leishmaniosis risk maps and cost-effective, evidence-based, targeted control interventions.
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    Immunohistochemical analysis of CD146 expression in canine skin tumours
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2016) Abou Asa, S.; Anwar, Sh.; Yanai, T.; Sakai, H.
    CD146, a cell adhesion molecule, is overexpressed in a variety of carcinomas, including melanoma, prostate cancer, epithelial ovarian cancer, and breast cancer. The level of expression is directly correlated with tumour progression and metastatic potential. The most commonly affected organ for both neoplastic and non-neoplastic tumours is the skin. The objective of this study is to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of CD146 in canine skin tumours of epidermal or follicular origin in 53 squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), 9 squamous papillomas, 7 infundibular keratinizing acanthomas (IKA), 21 trichoepitheliomas, 13 trichoblastomas, and 3 pilomatricomas. Immunohistochemical results showed that SCCs (90.6%), squamous papilloma (33.3%), IKA (85.7%), trichoepithelioma (85.9%), trichoblastoma (30.8%) and pilomatricoma (100%), respectively, were positive for CD146. The significant expression of CD146 in SCCs supports its importance as a useful treatment target. CD146 could also be used in differentiation of trichoepithelioma and trichoblastoma.
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    lmmunohistochemical demonstration of metallothionein in benign and malignant canine mammary tumours
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 1999) Fuentealba, I.C.; Mullins, J.E.
    Immunocytochemical demonstration of metallothionein (MT) has been reported as a useful prognostic tool in human breast cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the immunohistochemical location of MT in canine mammary tumours and its possible correlation with the morphologic characteristics of these tumours. Surgical specimens from spontaneous malignant (n=20) and benign mammary neoplasms (n=20) were processed for routine histological examination and immunohistochemical study. An indirect immunoperoxidase technique, using monoclonal antibody E9 against horse MT was employed. Intensity of the stain, the percentage of immunoreactive tumour cells and immunohistochemical overexpression of MT was estimated for each case. Metallothionein overexpression, defined as those cases with more than 10% immunopositive cells, was detected in both benign and malignant mammary tumours. However, strong immunostaining intensity was seen in benign tumours, whereas in malignant tumours immunopositive cells stained weakly. Positive MT immunostaining occurred in neoplastic epithelial cells, and some chondrocytes present in mixed mammary tumours. I-Iowever, staining intensity was variable in immunopositive cells. Differences in staining intensity between the primary malignant mammary tumour, tumour emboli and metastatic cells within a lymph node were also noted. Myoepithelial cells and connective tissue did not stain for MT. We concluded that metallothionein immunostaining cannot be used as a diagnostic or prognostic tool in canine mammary neoplasms. However, results of this study support the hypothesis that MT has a role in tumour proliferation and tumour progression.
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    Massive microfilaremia in a dog subclinically infected with Acanthocheilonema dracunculoides
    (Elsevier, 2020-06) Muñoz, Clara; Gonzálvez, Moisés; Rojas, Alicia; Martínez Carrasco, Carlos; Baneth, Gad; Berriatua, Eduardo; Ortiz Sánchez, Juana; Sanidad Animal
    Canine filarioids are worldwide distributed nematodes transmitted by arthropods with variable virulence depending on the species. Dirofilaria immitis is the most virulent and serological antigen tests are commonly employed to detect it. This study reports on the heaviest cavity filariasis recorded so far in a dog, which showed no apparent clinical signs of infection. The 6-year-old male was positive to a D. immitis antigen test. Blood samples collected and analyzed with the modified Knott's test for microfilariae revealed 264,367 microfilariae/ml. In a post-mortem examination 791 adult filarial nematodes were found in the dog's thoracic and peritoneal cavities. Morphological and molecular analysis identified the nematode as Acanthocheilonema dracunculoides and no other species were present. This is evidence that massive A. dracunculoides infections in dogs may not be clinically evident, they may cause serologic cross-reaction with D. immitis infection and become a life-threatening condition if dogs are treated with a microfilaricidal treatment without previously performing an adequate diagnosis.
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    Prevalencia de leishmaniosis canina en perros abandonados del ámbito periurbano de Murcia: evaluación de diferentes técnicas de diagnóstico
    (2017) Ortuño, M; Risueño, J; Muñoz, C; Bernal, A; Goyena Salgado, María Elena; García-Galán Pérez, Ana; Berriatua Fernández de Larrea, Eduardo; Ortiz, J
    El presente trabajo investiga la prevalencia y la validez de técnicas de diagnóstico de la Leishmaniosis canina causada por el protozoo Leishmania infantum, en 43 perros abandonados del ámbito periurbano de la Región de Murcia. Esta infección, transmitida por artrópodos flebotominos, cursa en muchos animales de forma asintomática, en los que predomina una respuesta inmunológica celular sin producción de anticuerpos frente al parásito. Los perros se examinaron para detectar síntomas compatibles con la enfermedad, y se tomaron muestras de sangre y tejido linfoide (bazo, ganglio linfático y médula ósea) para analizar la presencia del parásito por microscopía óptica y cultivo in vitro, así como la detección de ADN parasitario mediante la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) y de anticuerpos anti-Leishmania en suero mediante la técnica “Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay” (ELISA). El porcentaje de perros con síntomas fue del 16%, y el de resultados positivos a las distintas técnicas diagnósticas fue 37% en la microscopía óptica, 64% a PCR, 25% al cultivo y 40% al ELISA. El porcentaje de muestras positivas a la PCR es similar al descrito en perros asintomáticos de otras zonas endémicas, mientras que el de muestras positivas por microscopía óptica y ELISA fueron superiores al de otras zonas endémicas, incluido un estudio anterior en Murcia. Esto podría deberse a la presencia en este estudio de perros con síntomas y al elevado tiempo dedicado a la observación microscópica de preparaciones de hasta tres tejidos por animal, lo que aumentaría la sensibilidad del diagnóstico. Los resultados de este trabajo corroboran la elevada prevalencia de la Leishmaniosis en el ámbito periurbano de la Región de Murcia y la utilidad de la microscopía en el diagnóstico de la infección como una técnica que, si bien requiere experiencia del observador, es sencilla y económica.
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    Relationship between the expression of versican and EGFR, HER-2, HER-3 and CD44 in matrix-producing tumours in the canine mammary gland
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2016) Damasceno, K.A.; Ferreira, E.; Estrela-Lima, A.; Bosco, Y.; Silva, L.P.; Barros, A.L.B.; Bertagnolli, A.C.; Cassali, G.D.
    Versican is an extracellular matrix proteoglycan that has been identified as a modulator of adhesion loss, cell motility, and tumour progression. This motility results from the interaction between versican and cell surface receptors. Studies have also demonstrated the relationship between this molecule and invasion in canine mammary tumours. Given the evidence for the participation of proteoglycans in tumour progression, this study aimed to assess versican expression and its association with cell surface receptors; human epidermal growth factor receptors 1, 2, and 3 (EGFR, HER-2, and HER-3) and CD44 through an immunohistochemical analysis of benign mixed tumours (BMTs), carcinomas in mixed tumours (CMTs), and carcinosarcomas (CSs) of the canine mammary gland. Malignant tumours were divided into low and high groups with respect to versican stromal expression. The results indicated that the BMTs showed weak stromal versican expression and correlations between the expression of stromal versican and EGFR in the epithelial membrane in benign areas (p=0.013, r=0.571). A higher stromal versican expression was observed adjacent to invasive epithelial areas compared with in situ areas in CMTs and CSs, suggesting a direct relationship between versican expression and invasiveness. Furthermore, the CSs exhibited a higher expression of HER-2, cytoplasmic HER-3, and CD44 in epithelial invasive cells in cases of higher stromal versican expression. Therefore, the cell surface receptors (HER-2, HER-3, and CD44) are more evident in CSs that overexpress versican in stroma adjacent to the invasive areas. These findings suggest that the association between these molecules may be directly related to the biological behaviour and invasiveness of these canine mammary tumours.
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    Survey research on reverse sneezing in 779 dogs in Southeast of Spain: Prevalence and possible related factors
    (2023-05-29) Talavera López, Jesús; García Cubillos, Blanca; Muñoz Prieto, Alberto; Medicina y Cirugía Animal
    Reverse sneezing (RS) is considered an innate reflex that may occur in normal dogs in response to a stimulus in the upper airways but currently, the prevalence is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of RS in dogs in Southeast Spain and to determine the possible influence of selected demographic and environmental variables. This study was based on a questionnaire answered by 779 owned dogs randomly selected in two months. The total prevalence of dogs suffering RS was 52.9% (412/779). A statistically significant predisposition depending on sex and sexual condition (neutered females), the size and weight of the animal (toy dogs with <5 kg and small dogs of 5 to 14 kg), the breed (mainly Yorkshire, Chihuahua, Bichon, and Shit-tzu), on age (>10 years old) was found. Dogs that live in an urban habitat without other pets in the same house had also significantly more predisposition. Dogs with these profiles tend also to have a higher frequency of RS episodes (more than one episode daily) and more acute presentations (last 15 days). Reverse sneezing is an important reflex that could be present in more than half of the canine population as happened in our study. Its predisposition varies depending on sex, sexual condition, size, breed, age, habitat, and cohabitation with other pets. Further attention is warranted regarding the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of RS.