Cuadernos de psicología del deporte, Vol.25 Nº3 (2025)

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Open Access
Propiedades psicométricas de la State Mindfulness Scale for Physical Activity 2 (SMS-PA2) en adultos brasileños
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Peixoto, Evandro Morais; Cox, Anne Elizabeth; Romano, Amanda Rizzieri; Silva, Maynara Priscila Pereira; Palma, Bartira Pereira; Costa, Ariela Raissa Lima; Bonfá-Araujo, Bruno; Sin departamento asociado
The main objective of this study was to estimate evidence of validity based on internal structure and internal consistency of the Brazilian version of the Mindfulness Scale for Physical Activity (SMS-PA2) in physical activity and sports practitioners. The sample included 231 participants aged between 18 and 72 years. Confirmatory factor analysis showed better fit for the bifactor model (CFI = .990, TLI = .987, RMSEA = .035), with adequate internal consistency indices. Validity evidence was also estimated based on relationships with other variables: positive affect, exercise satisfaction, and negative affect. The study concluded that the Brazilian version of SMS-PA2 is a valid measure, consistent with the original bifactor theoretical structure, supporting its use in assessing mindfulness in the context of physicalactivity, with relevant applications for both research and practice
Open Access
Implementación de un Programa Integral del Control y Monitoreo del Bienestar en una academia de jóvenes futbolistas
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2025) González-Fernández, Francisco Tomás; Quiñones-Rodríguez, Yarisel; Martínez-Aranda, Luis Manuel; Matesanz-Sanz, Manuel; Castillo-Rodriguez, Alfonso; Sin departamento asociado
The present study aimed to evaluate the progression of implementing a comprehensive athlete well-being monitoring program within a soccer academy during the pre-season phase, involving a sample of 120 young players. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research integrated quantitative and qualitative analyses to achieve an in-depth understanding of the athletes' well-being. Weekly assessments were conducted throughout the pre-season, monitoring indicators such as muscle discomfort, stress levels, mood, fatigue, sleep quality, and a global wellness index. Results revealed statistically significant increases in muscle pain, stress, fatigue, and sleep disturbances (p = 0.001 in all cases), while mood remained relatively stable across the evaluation period (p = 0.46). Additionally, qualitative data obtained through reflective diaries underscored the critical role of these programs in guiding tailored training and recovery strategies, thereby promoting better physical and mental conditions. The findings highlight the urgent need to implement wellness monitoring systems in youth football training environments, as currently, there is a lack of tools enabling young athletes to effectively track and manage their internal training load. The adoption of such programs not only helps mitigate physical discomfort and psychological stress but also supports the overall well-being of young players. Based on these results, future research should focus on examining the long-term effects of these interventions, with the goal of refining their design and maximizing their positive impact on the athletic and personal development of young soccer players
Open Access
25 años construyendo conocimiento en Psicología del Deporte
(2025) Hernández Mendo, Antonio; Sin departamento asociado
Con la publicación de este tercer y último número de 2025, Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte culmina un año muy especial en su historia: celebramos nuestro 25º aniversario al servicio de la investigación, la transferencia del conocimiento y la promoción de la Psicología del Deporte como disciplina científica. Un cuarto de siglo de trayectoria editorial nos invita a mirar atrás con orgullo por lo conseguido, pero también a mirar adelante con renovado compromiso hacia los retos que aún tenemos por delante.
Open Access
Eficacia de Programas Multicomponentes de Actividad Física y Nutrición sobre la Capacidad Laboral, el Bienestar Laboral y la Calidad de Vida en Trabajadores: Una Revisión Sistemática
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Rubio-Díaz, Sandra; Morales-Sánchez, Verónica; García Romero, Jerónimo; Sin departamento asociado
Uma alimentação saudável e a prática regular de exercício físico não só melhoram a saúde, como também contribuem para o bem-estar, a satisfação e o desempenho no ambiente de trabalho. Estas práticas contribuem para aumentar os níveis de energia, reduzir o stress e reforçar a capacidade de concentração, o que melhora o desempenho e a qualidade de vida no trabalho. No entanto, embora as intervenções que combinam atividade física e nutrição tenham demonstrado benefícios, ainda é necessário compreender melhor o seu impacto específico na qualidade de vida, no bem-estar no trabalho e na capacidade de trabalho. Assim, o objetivo desta revisão foi analisar a eficácia das intervenções na melhoria destes aspectos nos trabalhadores. Foi efectuada uma revisão sistemática de acordo com a Declaração PRISMA, utilizando quatro bases de dados: PubMed, Web of Scienc Scopus e PsycINFO. Além disso, foi efectuada uma pesquisa específica em revistas especializadas em psicologia e desporto, incluindo Frontiers in Psychology, Sustainability, Psych, Revista de Psicología Aplicada al Deporte y el Ejercicio Físico, E-balonmano.com e Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte. Incluímos ensaios clínicos controlados e aleatorizados em contextos de trabalho que forneceram resultados de bem-estar, qualidade e capacidade em trabalhadores, publicados entre 2000 e 2024, avaliados com questionários validados e em qualquer língua. A qualidade foi avaliada utilizando a escala Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) e a ferramenta de avaliação crítica do Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) para ensaios clínicos randomizados. O protocolo foi previamente registado no PRÓSPERO com o ID CRD420543858. Quinze estudos foram incluídos. A qualidade média foi de 6,2 em 10 na escala PEDro ou moderada de acordo com a escala JBI. Todasas intervenções no local de trabalho incluíram nutrição e atividade física, juntamente com outros componentes, tais como palestras de educação para a saúde e estratégias de melhoria do sono. Foram obtidas melhorias estatisticamente significativas em 83,3% dos estudos que avaliaram a capacidade de trabalho (5 em 6), 60% dos estudos que analisaram o bem-estar no trabalho (6 em 10) e 44,4% dos estudos que mediram a qualidade de vida (4 em 9). No entanto, apenas 33,3% dos estudos (5 em 15) avaliaram estes aspectos como objetivo principal, enquanto os restantes os consideraram como objectivos secundários. O ambiente de trabalho é ótimo para intervenções de saúde destinadas a melhorar a capacidade dos trabalhadores, o bem-estar no trabalho e a qualidade de vida. No entanto, são necessários mais estudos de alta qualidade e metodologias normalizadas que dêem prioridade à avaliação do bem-estar e da qualidade de vida no trabalho a partir de uma abordagem holística, incluindo os aspectos físicos e psicossociais, bem como o envolvimento de especialistas em cada área
Open Access
Influencia de la ubicación de las miniporterías y los comodines en la enseñanza del fútbol
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Martín-Barrero, Alberto; Pérez-Hierro, Carlos; Flores-Rodríguez, José; Sin departamento asociado
This study analysed the influence of the location of floaters players and mini-goalposts on the technical-tactical behaviour of players in training tasks in grassroots football. The tactical behaviour of 12 players (11.6 ± .4 years old) belonging to the alevíncategory [U12]of a La Liga Santander team was analysed in 4 tasks (5vs 5 + 2 floaters players) with different constraints: i) floaters players and goalposts in the central area, ii) floaters players in the central area and goalposts in the side zone, iii) floaters players in the side zone and goalposts in the central area and iv) floaters players and goalposts in the side zone. The polar coordinates analysis showed different types of offensive and defensive tactical behaviour in the different tasks, highlighting the greater number of actions in the central area with floaters players and goalposts in the same area. On the other hand, it was highlighted that when the goalposts were located in lateral areas, on an offensive level the ball tended to be initiated in these areas, circulating through a greater number of areas of the field, through a greater number of passes and having greater variety and success in finishing. This would help to improve task design in relation to the type of behavior desired during training
Open Access
Evidencias de validez y confiabilidad del Flow State Short Scale-FSSS y la Clutch State Scale-CSS en contexto deportivo colombiano
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Sierra-Osorio, Daniel; Aguirre-Loaiza, Haney; Jaramillo-Muñoz, Juanita; Riveros-Vargas, Catalina; Turbay De Mier, Felipe; Riveros Munévar Fernando; Sin departamento asociado
Psychological variables play a crucial role in athletic performance, with Clutch and Flow gaining prominence in recent years. However, there are no assessment tools adapted to the Colombian context. This study aimed to examine the validity and reliability of the Flow State Short Scale (FSSS) and the Clutch State Scale (CSS) (Sánchez et al., 2023) among Colombian athletes. An instrumental study was conducted, including a pilot test (24 participants), data collection from 333 athletes, and confirmatory factor analyses using the original factorial structure of both scales. Results showed high goodness-of-fit indices and low error indices for Clutch (CFI = 0.998, TLI = 0.996, RMSE = 0.084, SRMR = 0.012) and Flow (CFI = 0.999, TLI = 0.999, RMSE = 0.068, SRMR = 0.028), significant correlations between both scales and sport motivation measures, and high reliability coefficients (> 0.8). These findings support the FSSS and CSS as valid and reliable tools for evaluation in Colombian athletes
Open Access
Pequeños juegos en el baloncesto: efecto de la manipulación de reglas del bote en el desempeño táctico-técnico de los jugadores de baloncesto en la categoría sub-16
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Rosso, Tomaz Lemos; Reis, Cleiton Pereira; Praça, Gibson Moreira; Morales, Juan Carlos; Sin departamento asociado
he objective of this study was to verify the effects of dribbling rule manipulation during small basketball games (PJ) in 3x3 tactical configuration with dribbling prohibition (PJPD), with the limitation of two dribbles (PJ2D) and without the limitation of Dribbles (PJD), on the technical-tactical performance of under-16 basketball players. 18 Basketball athletes participated in 36 PJ, 12 PJPD, 12 PJ2D and 12 PJD. The duration for each PJ was 4 minutes, with a 4 minutes recovery. The PJ were performed in random order on half a basketball court (8.4x15m) using only one table. The Individual Technical-Tactical Performance Assessment Instrument in Basketball was employed to verify the effects of dribbling rule manipulation during the PJ. The data were treated through descriptive statistics and estimated general equations. The effect size (T) was calculated by Cramer's V. The critical value adopted was p≤0.05. The results identified significant difference in technical-tactical performance between the PJ for decision-making (TD) and efficacy (EFI) in the pass (TD: Wald = 38.48; GL = 2; P = .0001; V = .68; EFI: WALD = 38.41; GL =2; p = .001; v =.09; SE: small). It is concluded that the three manipulations of the dribble rule determined differences in the technical-tactical performance of the basketball players who participated in this study
Open Access
Traducción, validez, confiabilidad e invarianza de sexo del cuestionario de estados de ánimo BRUMS en deportistas universitarios peruanos
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Lopes Angelo, Daniela; Lino Cruz, Cristopher; Villas Boas Junior, Marcelo; Reyes-Bossio, Mario; Caycho Rodríguez, Tomás; Vilca, LindseyW; Carbajal-León, Carlos; Ríos-Garit, Jesús; Tutte-Vallarino, Verónica; Brandão, Regina; Sin departamento asociado
In the field of sports psychology, the influence of mood states on athletic performance has been a topic of research in recent decades andgiven the importance of having valid and reliable tools in the Peruvian context, the present study aimed to translate and analyze the validity, reliability, and sex invariance of the BRUMS Mood Scale in Peruvian athletes.The sample consisted of 377university athletes from different sports disciplines, with ages ranging from 18 to 24 years, and a mean age of 20.60 years (SD = 1.94), with 64.5% being male and 35.5% female.The BRUMSMood Scale test was used.The findings of this research on the mood scale for university sports have shown that this instrument is reliable and valid for assessing emotional states in this comparable setting for young men and women.The studies on content validity, structure, and reliability corroborate the quality and uniformity of the instrument in the Peruvian context
Open Access
Perfeccionismo y actitudes hacia el dopaje en el deporte: una revisión sistemática
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Arroyo-Moya, Wilson; Alarcón, David; Jaenés-Sánchez, José Carlos; Sin departamento asociado
ntroduction: The development of favorable attitudes towards doping has made it possible to establish that there are personal and psychosocial factors that can lead an athlete to act in an unsportsmanlike manner. Objective: Analyze the existing evidence on the relationship between perfectionism in sport and attitudes towards doping in athletes of different levels of competition. Method: A systematic review of the literature was conducted, using the methodological guidelines recommended in the PRISMA declaration as a reference. The databases reviewed were Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and PubMed. Results: A total of n = 8 articles were included for qualitative analysis. Once the studies were analyzed, n = 3 (37.5% of the studies) identified that Perfectionist Concerns (PP) are the dimension that is most closely related to attitudes towards doping. Conclusion: The systematic review showed that perfectionism, particularly in its maladaptive dimension (PP), is consistently associated with more favorable attitudes toward doping in sports contexts. In contrast, adaptive perfectionism showed less consistent relationships and, in some cases, a protective effect against doping attitudes. These findings, modulated by factors such as social pressure and the type of sport, provide relevant information to guide preventive strategies and educational programs aimed at reducing predisposition
Open Access
Estrategias de afrontamiento y síndrome de burnout en deportistas universitarios: relaciones y diferencias según el tipo de deporte
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Rodriguez-Chaparro, Sofía; Florez-Villamizar, Jairo; Sin departamento asociado
Athletic burnout –defined by physical/emotional exhaustion, reduced sense of accomplishment, and sport devaluation –has detrimental effects on athletes’ mental and physical health. It has been linked to issues such as anxiety, depression, and sport dropout. Although the relationship between burnout and coping strategies remains under-explored, coping is considered a key factor in understanding how stress impacts athletes’ well-being. This study examined the relationship between three categories of coping strategies –task-oriented, emotion-oriented, and distraction-oriented –and the dimensions of burnout in university athletes. A total of 330 university-level athletes (47% women, 53% men), representing both individual and team sports, completed the Spanish versions of the Inventory of Coping Strategies in Sport Competition (ISCCS) and the Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ). Results showed that emotion-focused and distraction-focused coping strategies were positively and significantly associated with higher physical/emotional exhaustion, a lower sense of accomplishment, and greater sport devaluation. In contrast, task-oriented coping exhibited significant inverse relationships with reduced sense of accomplishment and sport devaluation, indicating a protective role. Additionally, differences by sport type emerged: team-sport athletes reported significantly greater use of task-oriented coping, whereas individual-sport athletes used more distraction coping and showed higher levels of exhaustion and devaluation. Practical implications highlight the importance of fostering active, task-focused coping strategies to prevent burnout, especially in individual sports. These findings enhance our understanding of how coping mechanisms can either mitigate or exacerbate burnout syndrome in university athletes, providing evidence to inform targeted psychological interventions
Open Access
Adaptación, validación y fiabilidad de la versión indonesia del Cuestionario de fortaleza mental en el deporte (SMTQ
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Sutoro, Sutoro; Guntoro, Tri Setyo; Richard, Tandipayung; Candra, Oki; Numberi,Gerdha Kristina Ivony; Zainuri, Agus; Sinaga, Evi; Nurhidayah, Dewi; Dwiariani, Damar Arum; Putra, Miftah Fariz Prima; Sin departamento asociado
Theconcept of mental toughness (MT) is increasingly recognized as a key factor in athletic performance. The Sport Mental Toughness Questionnaire (SMTQ) is an MT measuring instrument developed in a sports context and English. However, there are not many studies that test psychometric structures in different language and cultural contexts. Therefore, this research aims to adapt and test the SMTQ in the Indonesian context and analyze invariance based on athletes vs. non-athletes. A total of 856 people participated in this study but the final data were analyzed for 724 participants (Mage= 21.56 years, SD = 7.63). The number of athletes was 385 people (Mage= 20.79 years, SD = 5.05), while the number of non-athletes was 339 people (Mage= 22.42 years, SD = 9.70). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to analyze the psychometric structure of the SMTQ. The research results showed that the three models tested (single-factor model, three-factor model, and higher-order model) did not meet the model fit. The results of the revised model show that the revised three-factor model is a model that fits the data (CFI = .983, TLI = .977, RMSEA = .054, SRMR = .049). The invariance results found that there was no significant decrease in model fit and the SMTQid invariance achieved strict invariance. The validity of SMTQid shows very good factor loading values and falls within the good to excellent criteria (λ= .57 to .86), as well as convergent validity which shows a significant correlation with MTI (r= .38, p < .001). The results of the reliability test show CR values = .82, .79, and .81 and αvalues = .73, .60, .83 for each of the confidence, constancy, and control scales in the SMTQ
Open Access
Evaluación de las funciones cognitivas en un grupo de esquiadores y snowboardersde alto rendimiento en Argentina
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Raineri-Andersen, Victoria; Spraggon, Lucía; Calzolari, Aldo; Sin departamento asociado
Sports neuropsychology is the study of cognitive functioning in athletes, and the understanding that individual characteristics affect their athletic performance. When it comes to high-performance sports, at a cognitive level, strengths and weaknesses can affect the results of competitions, favoring or hindering the achievement of success. In this series of cases, the neurocognitive profiles of eight cross-country skiers, freeskiers and freestyle snowboarding athletes, all of whom are part of the Argentine teams represented by Argentine Federation of Skiing and Mountaineering (FASA), are described. The mean age of the participants was 20.4 years ± 3.5.yearsr. These athletes were evaluated in the following cognitive domains: fluid and crystallized intelligence, information processing speed, attentional processes, inhibitory control, working memory, cognitive flexibility, incidental learning capacity, and auditory-verbal memory. For this purpose, a structured oral interview was applied, along with subtests from the Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale (Analogies, Vocabulary, Cube Construction, Matrix Reasoning, Digit Span, Number and Letter Sequencing, Symbol Search, and Number Keys), the d2 test, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF), and the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT). Was also analyzed the existence of patterns of homogeneity in terms of the strengths and weaknesses of these profiles.The results obtained suggest that the cognitive profiles described present heterogeneous patterns of strengths and weaknesses. A higher degree of homogeneity was found in measures of intelligence, processing speed, working memory and cognitive flexibility. Attentional processes, incidental learning, and auditory-verbal memory presented greater heterogeneity. The need to carry out evaluations that allow knowing the profiles of cognitive strengths and weaknesses of each athlete is clear, to design physical and cognitive training programs that adjust to individual needs
Open Access
Desequilibrio de los jugadores y las jugadoras centrales en balonmano: Análisis de coordenadas polares y estimación de funciones
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Ortolani, Joaquina; Quiñones Rodríguez, Yarisel; Pastrana Brincones, José Luís; Hernández Mendo, Antonio; Morales Sánchez, Verónica; Sin departamento asociado
The objective of this study was to examine the imbalance generated by central players in positional play in indoor handball, in the junior women's and men's national teams of Argentina, using polar coordinate analysis and validating non-observed data through function estimation. An observational tool composed of 12 criteria and 62 categories, previously validated for the study of positional play in handball, was employed. Six international matches were observed, with 149 multi-events coded in the women's category and 121 in the men's category. The effect size of the sample was calculated, yielding a significant result of 0.74. Subsequently, a polar coordinate analysis was performed to identify statistically significant relationships (Z ≥ 1.96) between the categories of the taxonomic system. Additionally, a function estimation analysis was conducted as a model for validating and predicting non-observed data. The results revealed notable differences between categories: in the women's team, central players' imbalance was associated with harassment actions and transformation of the offensive system, while in the men's team, it was linked to technical faults and subsequent tactical deactivation. These findings allow for the proposal of differentiated psychological intervention strategies for each team, aimed at optimizing sports performance by strengthening variables such as self-efficacy, self-confidence, decision-making, and emotional regulation. This comprehensive approach, integrating technical-tactical and psychological aspects, provides a solid foundation for designing training strategies adapted to the high-performance competitive context
Open Access
Efectos de una intervención de neurofeedback α con refuerzo mediante gamificación en el control de la ansiedad estado
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Carrascón, Lourdes; Boixadós, Mercè; Sin departamento asociado
The physical preparation of an athlete is a fundamental aspect in any discipline, but complete training must also include psychological well-being. In this sense, anxiety and fear of failure play a key role in sports performance. According to Domingos et al. (2021), electroencephalography (EEG)-based studies have shown that a reduction in power in Alpha brain activity is associated with increased stress. The present study aims to apply Neurofeeback techniques reinforced with gamification, given that this has been consolidated in recent years as a key trend in the educational sector, integrating technologies such as virtual and augmented reality (Moreno-López et al., 2023). In this context, archery athletes were trained in the self-regulation of Alpha brain activity, promoting a state of calm during training and optimizing their ability to face adverse situations. A pre-post quasi-experimental design with a control group was used, in which only the experimental group received specific instructions to increase Alpha brain activity. A total of 60 archers between 18 and 70 years old participated (M = 41.92; SD= 11.04), with an equal distribution by gender. In conclusion, the results show a significant increase in Alpha brain activity and "success" values, although the expected changes in anxiety measures were not observed, suggesting that its impact on anxiety reduction may require additional approaches or adjustments to the intervention
Open Access
Factores determinantes en la satisfacción laboral de trabajadores en una entidad deportiva
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Medina-Rodríguez, RosaElena; Ceballos-Gurrola, Oswaldo; Reyes-Robles, Marina; Sánchez-Félix, Daniel; Ramos-Carranza, IselaGuadalupe; Sin departamento asociado
The objective of this study was to analyze the factors influencing job satisfaction among employees in a sports organization, considering their personal characteristics and working conditions. The research included a total of 187 employees, of whom 75.4% were men and 24.6% were women, with a mean age of 40.18 ± 11.39 years. A job satisfaction survey comprising six factors and 28 items was administered. The results indicated that the highest-rated factors were work organization (3.34 ± 0.59) and overall evaluation (3.45 ± 0.52), suggesting a moderate level of satisfaction among employees. Additionally, no significant differences were observed based on gender (p> 0.05). Regarding age, significant differences were found only in the workplace factor, with employees over 56 years old (Mdn= 3.67, IQR= 0.66) reporting the highest satisfaction. Moreover, employees with a high school education (Mdn= 3.80, IQR= 0.40) exhibited greater satisfaction in job evaluation. No significant differences were reported across job areas (p> 0.05). Similarly, through a cluster analysis, three distinct worker profiles were identified, with the group of young women with university education being the least satisfied, and the group of older adults in the infrastructure area being the most satisfied.Finally, the study identified areas for improvement, including the optimization of material resources, enhancements in occupational safety and hygiene, and better opportunities for promotion and financial compensation.
Open Access
Impacto del deporte en la salud mental frente al sedentarismo durante la contingencia por COVID-19
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Guzmán-Cortés, Jorge Alberto; Sánchez-Betancourt,Javier Tadeo; Bolaños-Ceballos, Fernando; Luna-Padilla, Jesús Antonio; Sin departamento asociado
Objective: To compare the symptoms of anxiety and depression in a sample of athletes with different levels of practice and a sample of sedentary people. Methods: The study sample consisted of 150 participants with a mean age of 23.2 years, who had different levels of sports practice: amateur (n=45), semi-professional (n=45) and professional (n=20) and sedentary people (n=40). The evaluation was carried out during the first months of the health contingency by COVID-19. The following instruments were applied: sociodemographic data questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory and Hamilton Anxiety Scale. Results: Statistically significant differences p = .03 were found regarding the level of depressive symptomatology. These differences were between the group of professional athletes and sedentary people. On the other hand, although no significant differences were found regarding anxious symptomatology, this was lower in athletes than in sedentary people. It should be noted that professional athletes showed lower levels of anxiety and depression than semi-professional, amateur and sedentary. Conclusion: The results of the present investigation suggest that sports practice is associated with lower levels of anxious and depressive symptoms during health emergency situations, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings highlight the importance of encouraging healthy habits that promote mental health benefits, as is the case of sports
Open Access
Descansos Activos Gamificados en Educación Primaria en Portugal: Impacto de la Narrativa Digital en Motivación y Emociones
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Gómez-Martín, Mario; Álvarez-Kurogi, Leandro; Prieto-Andreu, Joel Manuel; Dorotea, Nuno; Rua, David; Sin departamento asociado
In today's education, integrating Active Breaks, physical activity breaks of 5 to 15 minutes within the school timetable, combined with gamified elements and digital storytelling, is presented as an innovative strategy to improve both learning and student well-being. This study analyzed the impact of gamified Active Breaks with and without digital storytelling on motivational variables, basic psychological needs, flow, emotions, and player profiles in 208 primary school students in Portugal, according to gender, location of the educational center and level of physical and sports activity. A cross-sectional quasi-experimental design was used, in which each student participated in a single session, with one group engaging in gamified Active Breaks without digital storytelling and the other with digital storytelling. Due to the lack of normality in the data, non-parametric tests (Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis) were applied, in addition to principal component analysis, linear mixed models, and descriptive analyses. The results indicate that digital storytelling favored autonomy (p < .05, rbis= .164), although no significant differences were found in other variables. Furthermore, differences were observed according to gender, location, and level of physical activity of the students, suggesting that the impact of digital storytelling varies according to socio-demographic factors. On the other hand, in both groups, gamification generated high levels of intrinsic motivation, highlighting its effectiveness in promoting student engagement and well-being. In conclusion, although gamification alone is an effective tool, digital storytelling enhances autonomy, improving the learning experience in specific contexts. Nevertheless, it is recommended to customize the implementation of gamified Active Breaks to maximize their impact, according to the characteristics of the students.
Open Access
Motivación e intención de permanecer en el entrenamiento de natación durante una temporada competitiva: una comparación entre grupos de edad
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicios de publicaciones, 2025) Santos, Catarina C; Fernandes, Ricardo J.; Monteiro, Diogo; Costa, Mário J.; Souza, Luiz; Sin departamento asociado
This study aimed to examine variations in motivational regulation and the intention to remain in swimming training across a competitive season, considering different age groups. A total of 154 competitive swimmers participated and were categorised as young, youth, junior and senior. Data were collected at three points during the 2023–2024 season (December, March and June), using the Behavioral Regulation Sport Questionnaire and specific intention tems. Results indicated that younger swimmers maintained higher levels of self-determined motivation throughout the season, whereas youth and junior groups experienced greater motivational shifts and a decrease in intention. Interestingly, senior swimmers reported higher levels of controlled motivation, along with increased intention to remain. These findings suggest that both motivation and intention to continue training are age-dependent, emphasizing the importance of age-sensitive strategies to support sustained engagement in competitive swimming.
Open Access
Unravelling the association between stress management and emotional maturity: A holistic exploration among employed and unemployed sportswomen
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2025) Kambitta Valappil, Ibnu Noufal; Nuppatta, Sajin N.; Anto, Anson C.; Anoop Kumar M. S.; Nambron, Arun; Vasanthi, Gavoutamane; Elayaraja, Masilamani; Sin departamento asociado
Professional sports are highly competitive, which often draws attention to the physical prowess of the athletes. The success and well-being of the athletes are determined by an intricate web of mental and emotional challenges, especially stress management and emotional maturity. Sportswomen are facing a variety of demands beyond the court, including rigorous training, intense competition, and the highs and lows of their careers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between stress management and emotional maturity among employed and unemployed sportswomen. To determine the influence of emotional maturity and stress management. Participants included 146 sportswomen (70 unemployed and 76 employed sportswomen) from all over Kerala. Stress management and emotional maturity were assessed using standard questionnaires. The results showed that emotional maturity was significantly deference in employed and unemployed sportswomen (p=.003, d=0.50). However, there was no difference in stress management between employed and unemployed sportswomen (p= .283, d=0.18). From the correlation analysis, emotional maturity showed a significant negative association with stress management in total sportswomen (r=-.374, p<.01), unemployed sportswomen (r=-.241, p<.05), and employed sportswomen (r=-.450, p<.01). The regression, emotional maturity had a minimal negative effect on stress management (β=-.374) with a 13.4 percent prediction in total sportswomen. And emotional maturity had a minimal negative effect on stress management (β=-.241) with a 4.5 percentage of prediction in unemployed sportswomen. Finally, emotional maturity had a minimal negative effect on stress management (β=-.450) with a 19 percentage of prediction in employed sportswomen. It is concluded that, while emotional maturity helps employed sportswomen manage stress, it has a limited influence on unemployed sportswomen. The connection shows a strong negative relationship between emotional maturity and stress management of overall sportswomen and also employed sportswomen. However, this association is seen among unemployed sportswomen with a weak negative effect

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