DigitalUM :: Browsing by browse.metadata.contributordepartment "Economía Aplicada"

Browsing by browse.metadata.contributordepartment "Economía Aplicada"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 242

Embargo
100 años de Agrupal. Economía, Empleo e Innovación en la Industria Alimentaria
(Gollarin, ) López Morell, Miguel Ángel; Economía Aplicada
Conmemorar el centenario de Agrupal representa celebrar una parte extraordinariamente significativa de la historia económica de la Región de Murcia y del Sudeste español. Hoy este acrónimo, que en su día venía a resumir las siglas de la Agrupación de Conserveros de las provincias de Alicante, Albacete y Murcia, representa al conjunto de la industria alimentaria de la bien llamada huerta de Europa, pero su contribución a la economía y la sociedad de esta Región va más allá; no solo por su histórica aportación a su producto industrial y empleo, sino también por el intenso empuje y arrastre sobre otros sectores y las grandes transformaciones urbanas y demográficas que ha desencadenado. Por consiguiente, este libro colectivo propone abarcar los tres grandes ejes sobre los que ha basculado esta historia: por un lado, el puramente económico-empresarial, en la que se da una visión general del sector y se analizan cada una de las fases históricas por las que ha pasado; por otra parte, la evolución y las grandes transformaciones en las relaciones laborales y la cultura empresarial de la industria; y, por último, la decisiva incorporación de innovaciones tecnológicas que han permitido descollar al sector y hacerlo competitivo. En todos estos aspectos, la industria ha destacado tanto por su resiliencia como por su capacidad de aprender de errores del pasado y transformarse. En definitiva, 2024 será un año importante para la industria alimentaria de la Región de Murcia en el cual rememorar y dar valor a una herencia sin parangón, así como a un presente y un futuro lleno de oportunidades.
Open Access
(2478) Economic History. Unit 1.The Economic Growth in the Long Term (class presentation)
(2016-10-04) Martínez Rodríguez, Susana; Economía Aplicada; Facultad de Economía y Empresa
Syllabus: 1. The Economic Growth in the Long Term 1.1. Introduction 1.2. The World Economy Dynamic 1.3. The Economy Leadership of the West & the Institutional Framework 1.4. The Pre-Industrial Economies 1.5. Conclusions
Open Access
(2478) Historia económica- Presentaciones
(2017-09-12) Martínez Rodríguez, Susana; Economía Aplicada; Facultad de Economía y Empresa
Open Access
28. Port-Cros National Park, France
(UN Environment, 2019) Hogg, Katie; Noguera-Méndez, Pedro; Semitiel-García, María; Economía Aplicada
Open Access
29. Tavolara-Punta Coda Cavallo MPA, Italy
(UN Environment, 2019) Hogg, Katie; Noguera-Méndez, Pedro; Semitiel-García, María; Economía Aplicada
Open Access
4. La Economía de entreguerras. 4.1. Introducción. 4.2. El impacto de la I Guerra Mundial. 4.3. La crisis de 1929. 4.4. El fin del orden establecido: alternativas al capitalismo. 4.5. Conclusiones.
(2016-11-22) Martínez Rodríguez, Susana; Economía Aplicada; Facultad de Economía y Empresa
4. La Economía de entreguerras. 4.1. Introducción. 4.2. El impacto de la I Guerra Mundial. 4.3. La crisis de 1929. 4.4. El fin del orden establecido: alternativas al capitalismo. 4.5. Conclusiones.
Open Access
A comparative study on the preferences of Spanish consumers towards the use of natural preservatives in different fruits
(Elsevier, 2024-11-30) Martínez-Carrasco Pleite, Federico; Lami, Olda; Martín, Alberto; Hernandez, Alejandro; Sama-Berrocal, Celia; Mesías Díaz, Francisco Javier; Economía Aplicada
This study aims to investigate the preferences of Spanish consumers regarding the use of natural preservatives in fruit, taking into account the different factors that may influence their purchase decision. Although preservatives are mainly used in packaged fruit, this study also considers other relevant factors in the purchasing process too, such as geographical origin and price. The study focuses on two of the most popular packaged fruits in supermarkets in Spain -plums and table grapes- with the aim of determining whether preferences are general for all fruits or whether they vary according to the type of product consumed. To carry out this study, a representative sample of Spanish consumers in terms of age and sex was surveyed. Results reveal that participants' preferences follow the same pattern for both fruits although with minimal differences in utility values. Generally, a growing consumer interest in healthier and more natural food options is found. However, even though theoretically consumers prefer natural preservatives, when put in purchase situation, they choose fruits without preservatives over those with natural ones.
Open Access
A comprehensive approach for agroecosystem services and disservices valuation
(Elsevier, 2021-05-10) Zabala García, José Ángel; Martínez Paz, José M.; Alcon, Francisco; Economía Aplicada
The use of the ecosystem services approach for ecosystem management, including the valuation of ecosystem services, has grown in recent decades. Although a common framework is used, each ecosystem has its own characteristics. The agroecosystem, for example, is an anthropised ecosystem where ecosystem service flows are highly interrelated with the environment, positively or negatively. Therefore, agroecosystem services are usually accompanied by disservices. The valuation of agroecosystem services and disservices requires adaptation of existing ecosystem services paradigms to accommodate the innate agroecosystem idiosyncrasies. To this end, in this study, a comprehensive approach for valuation of agroecosystem services and disservices was proposed and validated in a semi-arid western Mediterranean agricultural area through stakeholder assessment, using a choice experiment. The results suggest that all categories of services (provisioning, regulating, and cultural) should be taken into account when valuing agroecosystem services and disservices. In particular, food provision (a provisioning service), water (a provisioning disservice), local climate regulation and biodiversity (regulating services), waste treatment and water purification (regulating disservices), and recreation and tourism (cultural services) are relevant for this purpose. Their relative importance in agroecosystems valuation reached 70% for agroecosystem services and 30% for disservices. Specifically, biodiversity (38%) emerged as the most relevant agroecosystem service to be valued, followed by recreation and tourism (20%), local climate regulation (7%), and food provision (5%). Among the agroecosystem disservices, water and waste treatment (15%), and water purification (15%) together contributed to 30% of the total importance. Agroecosystems should be valued considering their multifunctional character and the integration of agroecosystem services and disservices.
Open Access
A feasible estimation of a “corrected” EQ-5D social tariff
(Elsevier, 2024-06-12) Abellán Perpiñán, José María; Martínez Pérez, Jorge Eduardo; Sánchez Martínez, Fernando Ignacio; Pinto Prades, José Luis; Economía Aplicada
Objectives: To demonstrate the feasibility of estimating a social tariff free of utility curvature and probability weighting biases and to test transferability between riskless and risky contexts. Methods: Valuations for a selection of EQ-5D-3L health states were collected from a large and representative sample (N = 1676) of the Spanish general population through computer-assisted personal interviewing. Two elicitation methods were used: the traditional time trade-off (TTO) and a novel risky-TTO procedure. Both methods are equivalent for better than death states, which allowed us to test transferability of utilities across riskless and risky contexts. Corrective procedures applied are based on rank-dependent utility theory, identifying parameter estimates at the individual level. All corrections are health-state specific, which is a unique feature of our corrective approach. Results: Two corrected value sets for the EQ-5D-3L system are estimated, highlighting the feasibility of developing national tariffs under nonexpected utility theories, such as rankdependent utility. Furthermore, transferability was not supported for at least half of the health states valued by our sample. Conclusions: It is feasible to estimate a social tariff by using interviewing techniques, sample sizes, and sample representativeness equivalent to prior studies designed to generate national value sets for the EQ-5D. Utilities obtained in distinct contexts may not be interchangeable. Our findings caution against routinely taking transferability of utility for granted.
Open Access
A governance analysis of Cabo de Palos-Islas Hormigas and Cabo de Gata-Níjar Marine Protected Areas, Spain
(Elsevier, 2021-05) Hogg, Katie; Semitiel-García, María; Noguera-Méndez, Pedro; García-Charton, José Antonio; Economía Aplicada
This paper examines the governance of Cabo de Palos-Islas Hormigas (CPHMPA) and Cabo de Gata-Níjar (CGNMPA) Marine Protected Areas, Spain. The governance approach adopted in CPHMPA is shared authority between regional and state governments, whereas in CGNMPA it is state-led. In each MPA, limited coordination between national and regional government, and weak management at both levels, has made achievement of strategic conservation objectives significantly more challenging. Inconsistencies in legislation applied to internal and territorial waters have left both MPAs vulnerable to local economic development priorities. The reliance on economic and legal incentives has increased employment opportunities within the communities studied, but has also incurred environmental and social costs. Overall, the authors conclude that the current governance approaches are insufficient to effectively address all the challenges faced. In order to achieve more effective and equitable outcomes for both MPAs, greater coordination between national and regional government is required, along with interventions to introduce more participative and knowledge incentives to generate a greater sense of stewardship among all stakeholders.
Open Access
A New Improvement Proposal to Estimate Regional Input–Output Structure Using the 2D-LQ Approach
(MDPI, 2023-01-09) Martinez Alpañez, Ruben; Buendía Azorín, José Daniel; Sanchez de la Vega, Maria del Mar; Economía Aplicada
The use of location quotients for the estimation of regional input–output tables has been found to be a useful and efficient tool to estimate intraregional production coefficients and multipliers. This paper considers some regionalisation methodologies based on location quotients for the estimation of input–output tables—some of which have hitherto not been analysed at the regional level—and studies which one provides the best estimation (best goodness of fit). We focus the analysis mainly on the accuracy of Flegg’s location quotient (FLQ) and two-dimensional location quotient (2D-LQ). The analysis makes use of the multiregional input–output table for Korea for the year 2015 to evaluate the accuracy of the 2D-LQ method against FLQ. A novel proposal for the determination of the parameters corresponding to the 2D-LQ method is presented. This proposal is evaluated in Korean regions and is also applied to Spanish regions. The results obtained from the research conclude the general superiority of the 2D-LQ method, thus corroborating the results of other studies at the national level as well as the validity of our proposal.
Open Access
A new proposal to model regional input–output structures using location quotients. An application to Korean and Spanish regions.
(John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2022-07-12) Buendía Azorín, José Daniel; Martínez Alpañez, Rubén; Sánchez de la Vega, María del Mar; Economía Aplicada
Este artículo se basa en el uso de los cocientes de localización de Flegg (FLQ) y propone un procedimiento novedoso para la estimación del parámetro desconocido δ en regiones con y sin disponibilidad de marcos input-output. Aplicado a los datos de las regiones coreanas para el año 2015, en primer lugar se aborda la determinación del δ óptimo mediante la resolución de un problema de optimización general y, en segundo lugar, se propone una ecuación de regresión para estimar el valor de δ a partir de las variables explicativas del transporte interregional de mercancías por carretera (IRFT) y las importaciones del resto del mundo (IROW). Los resultados obtenidos muestran un sesgo menor en relación con los valores verdaderos de los coeficientes inputs regionales en relación con otros métodos basados en cocientes de localización.
Embargo
A Spanish value set for the SF‑6D based on the SF‑12 v1
(Springer, 2024-02-01) Martínez Pérez, Jorge Eduardo; Abellán Perpiñán, José María; Sánchez Martínez, Fernando Ignacio; Ruiz López, Juan José; Economía Aplicada
Aim This paper reports the first estimation of an SF-6D value set based on the SF-12 for Spain. Methods A representative sample (n = 1020) of the Spanish general population valued a selection of 56 hypothetical SF-6D health states by means of a probability lottery equivalent (PLE) method. The value set was derived using both random effects and mean models estimated by ordinary least squares (OLS). The best model was chosen on the basis of its predictive ability assessed in terms of mean absolute error (MAE). Results The model yielding the lowest MAE (0.075) was that based on main effects using OLS. Pain was the most significant dimension in predicting health state severity. Comparison with the previous SF-6D (SF-36) model estimated for Spain revealed no significant differences, with a similar MAE (0.081). Nevertheless, the new SF-6D (SF-12) model predicted higher utilities than those generated by the SF-6D (SF-36) scoring algorithm (minimum value − 0.071 vs − 0.357). Conclusion A value set for the SF-6D (SF-12) based on Spanish general population preferences elicited by means of a PLE technique is successfully estimated. The new estimated SF-6D (SF-12) preference-based measure provides a valuable tool for researchers and policymakers to assess the cost-effectiveness of new health technologies in Spain.
Open Access
A test of the predictive validity of QALYs using chronic and temporary time trade-off values
(Elsevier, 2004-02) Abellán Perpiñán, José María; Pinto Prades, José Luis; Méndez Martínez, Ildefonso; Badía Llach, Xabier; Economía Aplicada
This paper presents a test of the predictive validity of various classes of QALY models (i.e., linear, power and exponential models). We first estimated TTO utilities for 43 EQ-5D chronic health states and next these states were embedded in health profiles. The chronic TTO utilities were then used to predict the responses to TTO questions with health profiles. We find that the power QALY model clearly outperforms linear and exponential QALY models. Optimal power coefficient is 0.65. Our results suggest that TTO-based QALY calculations may be biased. This bias can be avoided using a power QALY model.
Embargo
Advancing governance in marine and coastal socio-ecological systems
(CIESM, 2024) Semitiel-García, María; Cánovas Muñoz, Amelia; García Chartón, José Antonio; Díaz Toca, Gema María; Noguera-Méndez, Pedro; Economía Aplicada
This study describes the main features of the OGMAR platform, an online tool designed to assess the governance of marine andcoastal socio-ecological systems. OGMAR includes a novel GIS map viewer depicting the limits and essential characteristics ofmore than 800 Spanish Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). Our assessment methodology enables the effective evaluation of the MPAsgovernance based on a battery of 27 indicators and facilitate management proposals based on the gaps detected. The OGMAR toolwill enhance decision-making and ensure sustainable ecosystem governance.
Open Access
Amenazas y oportunidades del sector comercializador hortofrutícola almeriense
(Universidad de Almería. Servicio de Publicaciones, 1999) Montoya Lázaro, B.; Martínez-Carrasco Pleite, Federico; Economía Aplicada
La costa de Almería se ha caracterizado por ser tradicionalmente improductiva debido a que posee un bioclima mediterráneo árido oceánico, el único de Europa. Pese a ello a partir de la década de los 60, se ha desarrollado la agricultura intensiva bajo plástico, constituyendo hoy día uno de los tres pilares básicos de la economía almeriense, junco con la minería y el turismo. De hecho es la provincia productora más importante de España de hortalizas extratempranas, y la primera en la exportación de estos productos. Un sector productivo muy eficiente en el sentido de conseguir altos niveles productivos, no hubiese podido desplazar por si solo a Almería de una situación de pobreza y marginación hasta un puesto importante en el ranking nacional, sino se acompaña de la eficiencia de sus empresas cornercializadoras. Por ello, e interesándonos por este colectivo, en el presente trabajo se pone de relieve la realidad comercial a través de una encuesta realizada a 70 empresas del sector comercializador horcofrutícola almeriense, que representan más del 90% del volumen comercializado en la provincia. Para ello, hemos resuelto la matriz de amenazas y oportunidades del sector propuesta por Poner (1991).
Open Access
An empirical characterization of high-risk drivers in Spain. The role of gender, age, marital status and education
(Elsevier, 2019-10) Martínez-Gabaldón, Eduardo; Martínez Pérez, Jorge Eduardo; Méndez, Ildefonso; Economía Aplicada
Traffic accidents are both a major economic and public health problem worldwide. We use data from the May 2016 Spanish barometer (n = 1632) to analyse the characteristics of drivers who declare different types of risky driving behaviours. Our estimates suggest that the likelihood of being a high-risk driver in Spain increases with educational attainment and decreases with age. Moreover, it is higher for those with previous sanctions and for men, particularly so regarding speeding and driving after drinking alcohol. These results suggest that prevention policies in Spain should be targeted to different collectives of drivers depending on the particular risky behaviour considered
Embargo
Análisis de la desigualdad autonómica
(Tirant humanidades, 2020-01) Hernández Pedreño, Manuel; García Luque, Olga; Solórzano Pérez, Gustavo; Hernández Pedreño, Manuel; Economía Aplicada
Este capítulo de libro forma parte de la obra colectiva ‘Riesgo de exclusión y políticas sociales autonómicas en España’ con el objetivo de realizar un análisis pormenorizado de los modelos sociales nacional y autonómicos y conocer los diferentes riesgos sociales en cada territorio. Se enmarca, por tanto, en un conjunto de investigaciones y publicaciones en el ámbito de la desigualdad y la exclusión social, que se constituye como una de las líneas de investigación principales
Open Access
Análisis de la transmisión vertical de los precios del tomate a lo largo del canal comercial en España
(Associação Portuguesa de Horticultura, 1997) Martínez-Carrasco Pleite, Federico; Calatrava Requena, Javier; Economía Aplicada
The aim of the present work is twofold First to analyse the process of price formation for tomato produced at the protected horticulture area of Almeria coastline, at the producer, wholesaler and consumer level Second to the test for price simetry on the vertical transmision of prices through the comercial channel As a main conclusion a symmetric, and almost immediat, behavior of prices, at both retailer and wholesaler level. with respect to producer prices changes, has been detected.
Open Access
Análisis de las preferencias de los detallistas del jamón curado mediante el análisis conjunto
(Asociación Interprofesional para el Desarrollo Agrario, 1997) Mesias, F.J.; Martínez-Carrasco Pleite, Federico; Albisu, L.M.; Economía Aplicada
En este artículo se estudian las preferencias de los minoristas que se dedican a la venta del Jamón de Denominación de Origen de Teruel en Zaragoza. El estudio se centra en el empleo del Análisis Conjunto, técnica multivariante que ha permitido desvelar dichas preferencias, la importancia relativa de los atributos que definen el producto y los productos considerados como ideales. Se han realizado simulaciones de cuotas de mercado, obteniendo como resultado elasticidades respecto al propio precio, elasticidades cruzadas y la valoración económica del atributo Denominación de Origen.