Publication: New insights into the normal
menstrual cycle-regulatory molecules
Authors
Sivridis, E. ; Giatromanolaki, A.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Although the growth and regression of the
endometrium is primarily a function of the ovarian
hormones, recent studies indicate a potential
autocrine/paracrine role for regulatory molecules. Thus,
growth factors, angiogenesis stimulating factors and
proliferating cell markers are high in the proliferative
phase endometrium contributing to its regeneration. At
the same time, other proteins promote endometrial cell
survival by preventing extracellular matrix degradation
and apoptosis. As glandular proliferation persists in the
early secretory phase of the menstrual cycle, the activity
of some proteins stimulating growth remains unchanged,
but declines significantly thereafter, shifting the balance
between proliferation and apoptosis in favour of
apoptosis. During this period, several other regulatory
substances are expressed at high levels, suggesting a role
in endometrial maturation. If, however, implantation of a
fertilized ovum fails to take place, menstruation occurs
probably as the result of matrix metalloprotinases which
antagononizes the anti-degradation factors (inhibitors of
metalloproteinases). This review examines the changing
endometrial patterns of a normal menstrual cycle in
relation to these regulatory molecules.
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