Publication: Electron probe X-ray microanalysis of cisplatininduced
cell death in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells
Authors
Ramos, Juan M. ; Arrebola, Francisco ; Fernández Cervilla, Francisco J. ; Crespo, Vicente ; Fernández Segura, Eduando
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Publisher
Murcia: F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Several lines of evidence suggest that
cisplatin-induced cell death is not always the result of
apoptosis. A distinctive feature between apoptosis and
necrosis is the alteration in cell volume regulation and
ion homeostasis. Here we analyzed the changes in
intracellular element content during cell death induced
by exposure to therapeutic concentrations of cisplatin in
the PC12 cell line. To quantitate Na, Cl and K content,
electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPXMA) was
performed in whole freeze-dried cells. We also traced the
alterations in morphological features with fluorescence
and transmission electron microscopy. EPXMA
demonstrated progressive derangement of the absolute
intracellular Na, Cl and K contents. Cisplatin-treated
cells showed two microanalytical patterns: 1) cells with
alterations in elemental content typical of apoptosis, i.e.,
an increase in intracellular Na and a decrease in
intracellular Cl and K, and 2) cells characterized by an
increase in Na content and a decrease in K content, with
no changes in Cl content. This intracellular profile for
Na, Cl, and K was not typical of necrosis or apoptosis.
Morphological analysis revealed two cellular
phenotypes: 1) cells characterized by a phenotype
typical of apoptosis, and 2) cells characterized by a
hybrid phenotype combining variable features of
apoptosis and necrosis. Taken together, our findings
suggest that therapeutic concentrations of cisplatin may
cause a hybrid type of cell death characterized by
concurrent apoptosis and necrosis in the same individual
PC12 cell.
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