Publication: New potential pharmacological options for endometriosis associated pain
Authors
Martínez-Esparza, M. ; García-Izquierdo, Laura ; Marín-Sánchez, Pilar ; García-Peñarrubia, Pilar
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Publisher
MDPI
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Description
© 2024 by the author. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. This document is the Published version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in International Journal of Molecular Sciences. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.3390/
ijms25137068
Abstract
Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by the abnormal growth of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterine cavity, affecting 10–15% of women of reproductive age. Pain is the most common symptom. Treatment options include surgery, which has limited ef fectiveness and high recurrence rates, and pharmacotherapy. Hormonal therapies, commonly used for symptom management, can have side effects and contraceptive outcomes, contributing to the infertility associated with endometriosis, with pain and lesions often reappearing after treatment
cessation. Among its etiological factors, immunological and inflammatory dysregulation plays a significant role, representing an interesting target for developing new therapeutic strategies. This review critically analyzes recent studies to provide an updated synthesis of ongoing research into potential new pharmacotherapies focusing on lesion progression, pain relief, and improving quality of life. Immunotherapy, natural anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compounds and drug repurpos ing show promise in addressing the limitations of current treatments by targeting immunological factors, potentially offering non-invasive solutions for managing pain and infertility in endometri osis. Promising results have been obtained from in vitro and animal model studies, but clinical trials are still limited. More effort is needed to translate these findings into clinical practice to effectively reduce disease progression, alleviate pain symptoms and preserve the reproductive capacity, im proving patients’ overall wellbeing.
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