Publication: Descolonizando el Museo Nacional de Colombia : análisis del impacto de la autocrítica que proyecta el museo en su Sala 1 “La historia del Museo y el Museo en la Historia”
Authors
Hernández Navas, Sonia Marcela
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Facultad de Educación
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Giorgi, Arianna ; Marín Torres, María Teresa
Publisher
Universidad de Murcia, Facultad de Educación
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
Description
Abstract
Este estudio analiza el impacto del guion museográfico de la Sala 1 del Museo Nacional de Colombia en sus visitantes, considerando la influencia de los estudios decoloniales en la museología contemporánea. Se midió la percepción de los objetos y cartelas en una muestra estratificada por edad para comparar diferencias entre visitantes jóvenes y mayores. La investigación surgió por el interés en cómo la decolonialidad ha influido en museos a nivel mundial y su aplicación en el contexto colombiano. Para alcanzar el objetivo, se revisaron discusiones académicas, lo que permitió definir categorías de análisis y formular un instrumento de recolección de información. También se revisó el guion museográfico en su aspecto investigativo y en la propuesta de objetos y cartelas.
Se encuestaron ciento sesenta y ocho personas mediante un método cuantitativo no experimental descriptivo con preguntas cerradas. Los resultados indicaron que los visitantes perciben un esfuerzo del museo por incluir la plurietnicidad nacional en su narrativa histórica. Sin embargo, también identifican que, históricamente, el museo ha contribuido a la exclusión de comunidades indígenas y afrocolombianas, lo que genera reflexiones críticas sobre su papel en la representación de la diversidad cultural. Se concluye que el guion de la Sala genera el impacto esperado, pero podría ser más explícito en su autocrítica. Incluir cartelas que evidencien cómo promovió ideas coloniales permitiría al museo alinearse con el discurso histórico que se difunde en la educación actual. Esto respondería mejor a las expectativas de nuevas generaciones, más receptivas a cuestionar la colonialidad y sus efectos en la identidad nacional.
This study analyzes the impact of the museographic script of Hall 1 of the National Museum of Colombia on its visitors, considering the influence of decolonial studies on contemporary museology. The perception of objects and captions was measured in a stratified sample by age to compare differences between young and older visitors. The research was originated from the interest in how decoloniality has influenced museums worldwide and its application in the Colombian context. To achieve the objective, academic discussions were reviewed, which helped define analytical categories and formulate 3 an instrument to collect information. The museographic script was also reviewed both in its investigative aspect and in the proposal of objects and captions. A total of 168 people were surveyed using a non-experimental descriptive quantitative method with closed-ended questions. The results indicated that visitors perceive an effort by the Museum to include the country's multiethnicity in its historical narrative. However, they also identified that, historically, the Museum has contributed to the exclusion of Indigenous and Afro-Colombian communities, generating critical reflections on its role in representing cultural diversity. It is concluded that the script of the Hall has been achieving its expected impact, but it could be more explicit in its self-criticism. Including captions that show how it historically promoted colonial ideas would allow the Museum to align more closely with the historical discourse currently being taught in education. This would better meet the expectations of new generations, who are more receptive to questioning coloniality and its effects on national identity.
This study analyzes the impact of the museographic script of Hall 1 of the National Museum of Colombia on its visitors, considering the influence of decolonial studies on contemporary museology. The perception of objects and captions was measured in a stratified sample by age to compare differences between young and older visitors. The research was originated from the interest in how decoloniality has influenced museums worldwide and its application in the Colombian context. To achieve the objective, academic discussions were reviewed, which helped define analytical categories and formulate 3 an instrument to collect information. The museographic script was also reviewed both in its investigative aspect and in the proposal of objects and captions. A total of 168 people were surveyed using a non-experimental descriptive quantitative method with closed-ended questions. The results indicated that visitors perceive an effort by the Museum to include the country's multiethnicity in its historical narrative. However, they also identified that, historically, the Museum has contributed to the exclusion of Indigenous and Afro-Colombian communities, generating critical reflections on its role in representing cultural diversity. It is concluded that the script of the Hall has been achieving its expected impact, but it could be more explicit in its self-criticism. Including captions that show how it historically promoted colonial ideas would allow the Museum to align more closely with the historical discourse currently being taught in education. This would better meet the expectations of new generations, who are more receptive to questioning coloniality and its effects on national identity.
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