Publication: Role of stress-related glucocorticoid changes in astrocyte-oligodendrocyte interactions that regulate myelin production and maintenance
Authors
Miguel Hidalgo, José Javier
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Publisher
Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.14670/HH-18-476
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Repeated activation of stress responses and
elevated corticosteroids result in alterations of neuronal
physiology and metabolism, and lead to disturbances of
normal connectivity between neurons in various brain
regions. In addition, stress responses are also associated
with anomalies in the function of glial cells, particularly
astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, which in turn may
further contribute to the mechanisms of neuronal
dysfunction. The actions of corticosteroids on astrocytes
are very likely mediated by the presence of intracellular
and cell membrane-bound CORT receptors. Although
apparently less abundant than in astrocytes, activation of
CORT receptors in oligodendrocytes also leads to
structural changes that are reflected in myelin
maintenance and plasticity. The close interactions
between astrocytes and oligodendrocytes through
extracellular matrix molecules, soluble factors and
astrocyte-oligodendrocyte gap junctions very likely
mediate part of the disturbances in myelin structure,
leading to plastic myelin adaptations or pathological
myelin disruptions that may significantly influence brain
connectivity. Likewise, the intimate association of the
tips of some astrocytes processes with a majority of
nodes of Ranvier in the white matter suggest that stress
and overexposure to corticosteroids may lead to
remodeling of node of Ranvier and their specific
extracellular milieu
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Citation
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