Publication: Histological changes and Micronucleus induction in the Zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha after Paraquat exposure
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Date
2006
Authors
Mantecca, P. ; Vailati, G. ; Bacchetta, R.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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Description
Abstract
The herbicide paraquat (PQ), still widely
used in developing countries, represents a serious risk
factor for human and environmental health. To test the
sublethal effects of PQ on the freshwater bivalve
Dreissena polymorpha, mussels were exposed to 0.125,
0.250, 0.500 mg/L for 7 and 14 days and histologically
screened. PQ’s genotoxic potential was also determined
in haemocytes by the micronucleus, MN, assay. At
concentrations ³ 0.250mg/L, severe lesions, such as
cellular vacuolation, lysis and thinness of the
germinative epithelia were observed in the digestive
gland and testis. A positive trend between the number of
granulocytes and all PQ concentrations was observed in
both gonads and digestive glands, addressing the
inflammatory capacity of this herbicide on these tissues.
Mussels exposed to PQ also exhibited a significant MN
induction. The spontaneous MN frequencies ranged
from 2.75 to 4.25‰, while PQ-induced MN rates in
treated mussels were between 3.50 and 12.50‰. The
histopathological effects on the digestive and
reproductive systems, as well as the MN induction in the
haemocytes, confirmed the cytotoxic and genotoxic
effects of PQ also in D. polymorpha.
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