Publication: Macrophages in the external muscle layers of mammalian intestines
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Date
1995
Authors
Mikkelsen, H.B.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
The literature on macrophages in the
muscularis extema of mouse, rat, guinea pig, cat, dog
and human gut is reviewed. In smaller mammals
macrophages are regularly situated in two locations: in
the serosa and at the level of Auerbach's plexus between
the longitudinal and circular muscle layers. In addition a
few solitary cells are present at the level of the deep
muscular plexus. At the level of Auerbach's plexus the
macrophages occur as a constant and regularly
distributed cell population with intimate associations
between macrophages and interstitial cells of Cajal.
Morphologically they differ from most resident
macrophages in being irregular in shape with 4-6
primary cytoplasmic processes, which branch and give a
stellate appearance. They have been demonstrated with
endocytotic markers (trypan red, FWC-dextran, cholera
toxin), immunocytochemically with macrophage
antibodies (F4180, M1170) and antibodies against MHC
class-I1 antigen, GABA and cGMP. In muscularis
externa of the human gut a regularly distributed cell
population of macrophages is not obvious. However, a
phenotypically distinct subgroup is identified by light
microscopy with the pan macrophage antibodies
(EBM11, C3bl and partly by ~1 5 0 . 9 5a)n~d shows MHC
class-I1 antigen. By electron microscopy muscularis
extema macrophages, in all species investigated, appear
to be endocytically downregulated, and since they are
lysozyme, prostaglandine H synthase (both constitutive
and activated) and acid phosphatase negative, they
appear to be inactivated cells. Both origin and function
of these cells are unknown. They may be immunocompetent,
participate in a neuroimmune axis, tissue
growth and modulation or other regulations of specific
cell functions.
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