Browsing by Subject "Lipids"
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- PublicationOpen AccessAge-related changes in mitochondrial membrane composition of Nothobranchius furzeri. Comparison with a longer-living Nothobranchius species(Springer Nature, 2019-02-15) Almaida Pagán, Pedro Francisco; Ortega-Sabater C.; Lucas-Sanchez A.; Gonzalez-Silvera D.; Martinez-Nicolas A.; Rol de Lama, María de los Ángeles; Mendiola P.; de Costa J.; FisiologíaMembrane compositions, particularly of mitochondria, could be critical factors in the mechanisms of growth and aging, especially during phases of high oxidative stress that result in molecular damage. Changes affecting lipid class or fatty acid (FA) compositions could affect phospholipid (PL) properties and alter mitochondrial function. In the present study, mitochondrial membrane PL compositions were analysed throughout the life-cycle of Nothobranchius furzeri, a species with explosive growth and one of the shortest-lived vertebrates. Mitochondrial PLs showed several changes with age. Proportions of total PLs and PC were reduced while an increase in PS, CL and PE was observed, mainly between the 2.5 and 5 months of fish age, the time during which animals doubled their weight. FA compositions of individual PLs in mitochondria were also significantly affected with age suggesting the existence of increasing damage to mitochondrial lipids during the life- cycle of N. furzeri that could be one of the main contributors to degraded mitochondrial function associated with aging. The peroxidation index values from N. furzeri mitochondrial PLs were significantly lower than those reported in N. rachovii, a species with a 2-fold longer life span than N. furzeri, which seems to contradict the membrane pacemaker theory of animal metabolism
- PublicationRestrictedAge-related changes in mitochondrial membrane composition of Nothobranchius furzeri: comparison with a longer-living Nothobranchius species(Springer, 2018-10-09) Almaida Pagán, Pedro Francisco; Ortega-Sabater, C; Lucas-Sanchez, A; Gonzalez Silvera, D; Martinez-Nicolas, A; Rol, M A; Mendiola, P; Costa, J. de; Chronobiology Lab, Department of Physiology, College of Biology, University of Murcia, Mare Nostrum Campus, IUIE, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, College of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainMembrane compositions, particularly of mitochondria, could be critical factors in the mechanisms of growth and aging, especially during phases of high oxidative stress that result in molecular damage. Changes affecting lipid class or fatty acid (FA) compositions could affect phospholipid (PL) properties and alter mitochondrial function. In the present study, mitochondrial membrane PL compositions were analysed throughout the life-cycle of Nothobranchius furzeri, a species with explosive growth and one of the shortest-lived vertebrates. Mitochondrial PLs showed several changes with age. Proportions of total PLs and PC were reduced while an increase in PS, CL and PE was observed, mainly between the 2.5 and 5 months of fish age, the time during which animals doubled their weight. FA compositions of individual PLs in mitochondria were also significantly affected with age suggesting the existence of increasing damage to mitochondrial lipids during the life-cycle of N. furzeri that could be one of the main contributors to degraded mitochondrial function associated with aging. The peroxidation index values from N. furzeri mitochondrial PLs were significantly lower than those reported in N. rachovii, a species with a two-fold longer life span than N. furzeri, which seems to contradict the membrane pacemaker theory of animal metabolism.
- PublicationOpen AccessEarly nutritional intervention can improve utilisation of vegetable-based diets in diploid and triploid Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)(2017) Clarkson, M.; Migaud, H.; Metochis, C.; Vera Andújar, Luisa María; Leeming, D.; Tocher, D. R.; Taylor, J. F.; Fisiología
- PublicationRestrictedInfluence of C-terminal protein domains and protein-lipid interactions on tetramerization and stability of the potassium channel KcsA(American Chemical Society, 2004-11-05) Molina Gallego, María Luisa; Encinar Hidalgo, José Antonio; Barrera Olivares, Francisco Nicolás; Fernández Ballester, Gregorio; Riquelme Pino, Gloria; González Ros, José Manuel; Bioquímica y Biología Molecular B e InmunologíaKcsA is a prokaryotic potassium channel formed by the assembly of four identical subunits around a central aqueous pore. Although the high-resolution X-ray structure of the transmembrane portion of KcsA is known [Doyle, D. A., Morais, C. J., Pfuetzner, R. A., Kuo, A., Gulbis, J. M., Cohen, S. L., Chait, B. T., and MacKinnon, R. (1998) Science280, 69−77], the identification of the molecular determinant(s) involved in promoting subunit tetramerization remains to be determined. Here, C-terminal deletion channel mutants, KcsA Δ125−160 and Δ120−160, as well as 1−125 KcsA obtained from chymotrypsin cleavage of full-length 1−160 KcsA, have been used to evaluate the role of the C-terminal segment on the stability and tetrameric assembly of the channel protein. We found that the lack of the cytoplasmic C-terminal domain of KcsA, and most critically the 120−124 sequence stretch, impairs tetrameric assembly of channel subunits in a heterologous E. coli expression system. Molecular modeling of KcsA predicts that, indeed, such sequence stretch provides intersubunit interaction sites by hydrogen bonding to amino acid residues in N- and C-terminal segments of adjacent subunits. However, once the KcsA tetramer is assembled, its remarkable in vitro stability to detergent or to heat-induced dissociation into subunits is not greatly influenced by whether the entire C-terminal domain continues being part of the protein. Finally and most interestingly, it is observed that, even in the absence of the C-terminal domain involved in tetramerization, reconstitution into membrane lipids promotes in vitro KcsA tetramerization very efficiently, an event which is likely mediated by allowing proper hydrophobic interactions involving intramembrane protein domains.
- PublicationOpen AccessLipid signaling and cell responses at the nuclear level(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1999) Neri, L.M.; Capitani, S.; Borgatti, P.; Martelli, A.M.The nucleus is known to be a site for an active lipid metabolism. Although phospholipids are present in the nuclear envelope, evidence suggests that they are also located further inside the nucleus. The function of these intranuclear lipids has escaped clarification for many years. Early experiments showed that they can interact with DNA double helix affecting its thermal stability and can influence RNA synthesis in isolated nuclei. However, in the last 10 years several investigations have suggested that they may be involved in signal transduction pathways at the nuclear level and a growing body of evidence supports this hypothesis
- PublicationOpen AccessLipidomes in cadaveric decomposition and determination of the postmortem interval: a systematic review(MDPI, 2024-01-12) Caballero Moreno, Leticia; Luna, Aurelio; Legaz Pérez, Isabel; Ciencias SociosanitariasLipids are a large group of natural compounds, together with proteins and carbohydrates, and are essential for various processes in the body. After death, the organism’s tissues undergo a series of reactions that generate changes in some molecules, including lipids. This means that determining the lipid change profile can be beneficial in estimating the postmortem interval (PMI). These changes can also help determine burial sites and advance the localization of graves. The aim was to explore and analyze the decomposition process of corpses, focusing on the transformation of lipids, especially triglycerides (TGs) and fatty acids (FAs), and the possible application of these compounds as markers to estimate PMI and detect burial sites. A systematic review of 24 scientific articles from the last 23 years (2000–2023) was conducted. The results show that membrane glycerophospholipids (such as phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylglycerol, among others) are the most studied, and the most promising results are obtained, with decreasing patterns as PMI varies. Fatty acids (FAs) are also identified as potential biomarkers owing to the variations in their postmortem concentration. An increase in saturated fatty acids (SFAs), such as stearic acid and palmitic acid, and a decrease in unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs), such as oleic acid and linoleic acid, were observed. The importance of intrinsic and extrinsic factors in decomposition is also observed. Finally, as for the burial sites, the presence of fatty acids and some sterols in burial areas of animal and human remains can be verified. In conclusion, glycerophospholipids and fatty acids are good markers for estimating PMI. It has been observed that there are still no equations for estimating the PMI that can be applied to forensic practice, as intrinsic and extrinsic factors are seen to play a vital role in the decomposition process. As for determining burial sites, the importance of soil and textile samples has been demonstrated, showing a direct relationship between saturated fatty acids, hydroxy fatty acids, and some sterols with decomposing remains.
- PublicationRestrictedMembrane lipids and maximum lifespan in clownfish(Springer, 2021-12-04) Almaida Pagán, Pedro Francisco; Lucas-Sanchez, A; Martinez-Nicolas, A; Terzibasi, E; Rol de Lama, MA; Cellerino, A; Mendiola, P; de Costa, J; FisiologíaThe longevity-homeoviscous adaptation (LHA) theory of ageing states that lipid composition of cell membranes is linked to metabolic rate and lifespan, which has been widely shown in mammals and birds but not sufficiently in fish. In this study, two species of the genus Amphiprion (Amphiprion percula and Amphiprion clarkii, with estimated maximum lifespan potentials [MLSP] of 30 and 9–16 years, respectively) and the damselfish Chromis viridis (estimated MLSP of 1–2 years) were chosen to test the LHA theory of ageing in a potential model of exceptional longevity. Brain, livers and samples of skeletal muscle were collected for lipid analyses and integral part in the computation of membrane peroxidation indexes (PIn) from phospholipid (PL) fractions and PL fatty acid composition. When only the two Amphiprion species were compared, results pointed to the existence of a negative correlation between membrane PIn value and maximum lifespan, well in line with the predictions from the LHA theory of ageing. Nevertheless, contradictory data were obtained when the two Amphiprion species were compared to the shorter-lived C. viridis. These results along with those obtained in previous studies on fish denote that the magnitude (and sometimes the direction) of the differences observed in membrane lipid composition and peroxidation index with MLSP cannot explain alone the diversity in longevity found among fishes.
- PublicationOpen AccessMembrane peroxidation index and maximum lifespan are negatively correlated in fish of the genus Nothobranchius(The Company of Biologists, 2020-04-22) Costa, J. de; Barja, G.; Almaida Pagán, Pedro Francisco; Fisiología; Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.The lipid composition of cell membranes is linked tometabolic rate and lifespan in mammals and birds but very little information is available for fish. In this study, three fish species of the short-lived annual genus Nothobranchius with different maximum lifespan potential (MLSP) and the longer-lived outgroup species Aphyosemion australe were studied to test whether they conform to the predictions of the longevity–homeoviscous adaptation (LHA) theory of ageing. Lipid analyses were performed in whole-fish samples and the peroxidation index (PIn) for every phospholipid (PL) class and for the whole membrane was calculated. Total PL content was significantly lower in A. australe and N. korthausae, the two species with the highest MLSP, and a negative correlation between membrane total PIn and fish MLSP was found, meaning that the longer-lived fish species have more saturated membranes and, therefore, a lower susceptibility to oxidative damage, as the LHA theory posits.
- PublicationRestrictedOccupancy of nonannular lipid binding sites on KcsA greatly increases the stability of the tetrameric protein(American Chemical Society, 2010-05-19) Triano García, Irene; Barrera Olivares, Francisco Nicolás; Renart Pérez, María Lourdes; Molina Gallego, María Luisa; Fernández Ballester, Gregorio; Poveda Larrosa, José Antonio; Fernández Carvajal, Asia María; Encinar Hidalgo, José Antonio; Ferrer Montiel, Antonio Vicente; Otzen, Daniel; González Ros, José Manuel; Bioquímica y Biología Molecular B e InmunologíaKcsA, a homotetrameric potassium channel from prokaryotes, contains noncovalently bound lipids appearing in the X-ray crystallographic structure of the protein. The binding sites for such high-affinity lipids are referred to as “nonannular” sites, correspond to intersubunit protein domains, and bind preferentially anionic phospholipids. Here we used a thermal denaturation assay and detergent−phospholipid mixed micelles containing KcsA to study the effects of different phospholipids on protein stability. We found that anionic phospholipids stabilize greatly the tetrameric protein against irreversible, heat-induced unfolding and dissociation into subunits. This occurs in a phospholipid concentration-dependent manner, and phosphatidic acid species with acyl chain lengths ranging 14 to 18 carbon atoms are more efficient than similar phosphatidylglycerols in protecting the protein. A docking model of the KcsA−phospholipid complex suggests that the increased protein stability originates from the intersubunit nature of the binding sites and, thus, interaction of the phospholipid with such sites holds together adjacent subunits within the tetrameric protein. We also found that simpler amphiphiles, such as alkyl sulfates longer than 10 carbon atoms, also increase the protein stability to the same extent as anionic phospholipids, although at higher concentrations than the latter. Modeling the interaction of these simpler amphiphiles with KcsA and comparing it with that of anionic phospholipids serve to delineate the features of a hydrophobic pocket in the nonannular sites. Such pocket is predicted to comprise residues from the M2 transmembrane segment of a subunit and from the pore helix of the adjacent subunit and seems most relevant to protein stabilization.
- PublicationOpen AccessPerformance of formulated diets with different level of lipids and glutamate supplementation in Octopus vulgaris(Wiley, 2013-11-07) Cerezo Valverde, Jesús; Hernández, María Dolores; Aguado Giménez, Felipe; García García, Benjamín; Sánchez Morillo-Velarde, María Piedad; Biología Celular e HistologíaGrowth, feed efficiency and proximate and lipid class composition of subadults Octopus vulgaris (788 ± 133 g; 18.5°C) fed formulated diets of low lipid (LL: 8 g kg−1) and high lipid levels (HL: 84 g kg−1) and each one of these with three different levels of glutamate supplementation (0, 5 and 20 g kg−1) were compared. All the animals accepted the diets with a survival of 100%. The addition of glutamate did not stimulate feeding rates in any of the assays (2.48–2.64 and 1.86–2.01%Body weight day−1 for LL and HL, respectively; P > 0.05). The best growth, feed efficiency and protein productive value were observed in the groups fed 5 or 20 g kg−1 glutamate supplementation at both lipid levels, with significant differences for LL diet (P < 0.05). A better feed efficiency was achieved with the HL diet (14.6–27.5% vs. 2.5–19.2% for LL diet). There were no significant differences in the proximate composition of carcass (animal excluding the digestive gland). However, a substantial amount of lipids accumulated in the digestive gland, mainly triglycerides, was detected as a consequence of higher lipid ingestion or glutamate supplementation. It was notable the lower percentages of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine in the digestive gland of animals with best growth.
- PublicationOpen AccessUtilization of diets with different fish oil content in common octopus (Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797) and resulting changes in its biochemical composition(Wiley, 2015-10-27) Cerezo Valverde, Jesús; García García, Benjamín; Sánchez Morillo-Velarde, María Piedad; Biología Celular e HistologíaThe aim of the present work was to obtain the lipid utilization of Octopus vulgaris supplying formulated semi-moist diets with different contents in cod oil (reduced from water content): 0 g kg−1 (A0, 138 g kg−1 lipids DW; N = 4), 100 g kg−1 (A100, 286 g kg−1 lipids DW; N = 6) and 200 g kg−1 (A200, 388 g kg−1 lipids DW; N = 6). The rest of the ingredients were constant in the three diets: 200 g kg−1 gelatin, 100 g kg−1 egg yolk powder, 150 g kg−1 freeze-dried Todarodes sagittatus and 50 g kg−1 freeze-dried Sardinella aurita). Survival was 100% with the three diets. The highest absolute feeding (15.8 ± 1.2 g day−1), growth (9.6 ± 1.4 g day−1; 0.91% BW day−1) and feed efficiency rates (60.3%) were obtained with diet A0. This diet also showed greater retention of lipid and protein than A100 and A200. Protein digestibility was above 95% in all of the diets. Only diet A0 led to a high lipid digestibility coefficient (81.25%), which fell drastically to 12.3% in A200. It was notable the high polar lipid digestibility rates (83–89%) respect to neutral lipids (2–87%) in all diets. The best results were obtained with lipid feeding rates of around 1 g day−1 and a suitable lipid content on 130–140 g kg−1 DW in formulated diets for O. vulgaris.