Browsing by Subject "Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)"

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    Anthropogenic electromagnetic fields and their influence on growth, humoral Immunity, and metal concentrations in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)
    (Elsevier, 2026-01-27) Ortiz García, María; García Gamuz, José Antonio; Martínez López, Salvadora; Esteban Abad, María de los Ángeles; Biología Celular e Histología; Facultad de Biología
    The increasing presence of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) in marine environments, driven by human activities and climate change, poses a potential risk to aquatic organisms. This study investigated the physiological and immunological effects of ELF-EMF exposure on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), a key species in Mediterranean aquaculture. Fish were exposed to ELF-EMF for one or three weeks, and their growth, serum immune parameters (peroxidase and lysozyme activities), and tissue chemical elements were compared with those of unexposed controls. No significant differences were observed in fish weight, length, or serum immune parameters between the exposed and control groups at any time point. However, a significant reduction in liver cadmium (Cd) levels was detected in fish exposed to ELF-EMF for three weeks, suggesting potential modulation of metal detoxification pathways. The concentrations of other elements, including arsenic (As), lead (Pb), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn), showed minor changes in various tissues. The levels of sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and potassium (K) were altered in some tissues after one week of ELF-EMF exposure but generally returned to control levels after three weeks. These findings indicate that short-term ELF-EMF exposure does not significantly affect growth or innate immunity in gilthead seabream under the tested conditions. The observed alterations in tissue levels of toxic and trace elements, as well as macronutrients, indicate potential interactions between ELF-EMF, metal homeostasis, and detoxification mechanisms, necessitating further investigation. This study contributes to the understanding of the effects of anthropogenic ELF-EMF on marine organisms and highlights the need for continued research to assess the long-term ecological implications of increasing ELF-EMF levels in aquatic environments.
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    Bioinformatic and gene expression analysis of the somatostatin/cortistatin gene family in the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata).
    Campos Sánchez, Jose Carlos; Serna‑Duque, Jhon A.; Cuesta Peñafiel, Alberto; Esteban Abad, María de los Ángeles; Guardiola Abellán, Francisco Antonio; Biología Celular e Histología
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    Biomarker-based assessment of somatostatin-6 immunomodulation in gilthead Seabream: From serum proteins to skin mucus enzymes
    (0022-10-20) Jose Carlos Campos Sánchez; Cristóbal Espinosa-Ruiz; Francisco A. Guardiola; Esteban Abad, María de los Ángeles; Guardiola Abellán, Francisco Antonio; Marín Parra, Claudia; Biología Celular e Histología
    This study evaluated the immunomodulatory role of somatostatin-6 (SST6) in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) using a validated inflammation model induced by λ-carrageenan and a comprehensive panel of serum and skin mucus biomarkers. SST6 was administered at 1 nM and 2 nM, and its effects were assessed in these matrices. The λ-carrageenan model triggered a local inflammatory response with reduced peroxidase, esterase, and protease activities in skin mucus, consistent with the resolution phase of innate immunity. SST6 at 1 nM enhanced serum complement activity without affecting acute-phase proteins, suggesting reinforcement of basal immune surveillance in the host. When combined with λ-carrageenan, SST6 promoted an increase in serum immunoglobulin levels and a selective shift in proteinogram fractions (α2-globulin), while further decreasing the oxidative and proteolytic activities in skin mucus. Correlation analysis revealed the coordinated regulation of key mucosal enzymes, reinforcing the functional integration of local immune responses. These results indicate that SST6 facilitates an early transition from innate to adaptive immunity while preserving the integrity of the mucosal barrier. Furthermore, this study provides the first evidence of complement activation by SST6 in fish and highlights the value of integrating biomarker-based tools to monitor immunophysiological responses and test bioactive compounds in aquaculture research.
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    Data set of Novel hepcidin genes in Gilthead Seabream: implications for immune response and iron metabolism
    (2025-04-24) García Navarro, Laura; Serna Duque, Jhon; Cuesta Peñafiel, Alberto; Esteban Abad, María de los Ángeles; Biología Celular e Histología
    Results of Synteny and phylogeny analysis of hamp2.0 and hamp2.15 in the class Actinopterygii, Bactericidal activity of HAMP2α or HAMP2Ω, Cytotoxicity activity of HAMP2α or HAMP2Ω. And a QuantStudio™ 5 Real-Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems).
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    Dataset used for the article: "Temporal dynamics of inflammation in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) induced by λ-carrageenan, LPS, and Poly I:C: from behaviour to gene expression"
    (2024-07-11) Campos Sánchez, Jose Carlos; Cabrera-Álvarez, Maria José; Oliveira, Ana Rita; Duarte Oliveira, Gonçalo; Soares, Florbela; Saraiva , João L.; Esteban Abad, María de los Ángeles; Guardiola Abellán, Francisco Antonio; Biología Celular e Histología
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    Effects of cantharidin on fish erythrocytes, tumour cell lines, and marine pathogenic bacteria
    Campos-Sánchez, José Carlos; Esteban Abad, María de los Ángeles; Guardiola Abellán, Francisco Antonio; Biología Celular e Histología
    Cantharidin, a toxic monoterpene secreted by blister beetles, has long been used in traditional Chinese and modern medicine for its unique properties. However, despite its widespread use, its effects on fish have not been studied in depth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential therapeutic applications of cantharidin in fish by examining its antioxidant, hemoagglutinating, hemolytic and cytotoxic activities at different concentrations (0, 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 μg mL-1) in three different cell lines. In addition, the study explored the bactericidal and bacteriostatic properties of cantharidin against various fish pathogenic bacteria. The results revealed that there were no significant differences in antioxidant, hemagglutinating or hemolytic activities between the different concentrations of cantharidin tested. However, the study found that cantharidin exhibited dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity in sea bream (Sparus aurata) erythrocytes and in SAF-1, PLHC-1 and Hela cell lines, resulting in morphological changes indicative of apoptosis. Interestingly, the highest dose of cantharidin tested demonstrated potent bactericidal activity against four marine fish opportunistic bacteria, including Vibrio harveyi, V. anguillarum, Photobacterium damselae and Tenacibaculum maritimum, but no statistically significant changes in bacteriostatic activity were observed against any of the bacteria tested. Overall, these results provide valuable information on the potential therapeutic applications of cantharidin in fish aquaculture. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of action and to explore possible preventive uses of cantharidin in fish.
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    In vitro effects of a natural marine algae polysaccharide (λ-carrageenin) on seabream erythrocytes, tumour cell lines and marine bacterial pathogens
    Campos-Sánchez, José Carlos; Esteban Abad, María de los Ángeles; Guardiola Abellán, Francisco Antonio; Biología Celular e Histología
    Carrageenin is a high molecular weight sulphated mucopolysaccharide used to induce experimental inflammation in mammals. In addition, it possesses a wide variety of properties that have not yet been studied in fish. This study evaluated the hemagglutinating, hemolytic, cytotoxic, and antibacterial activities of λ-carrageenin. The results showed that λ-carrageenin has hemagglutinating and hemolytic activities on gilthead seabream erythrocytes, which were dose and time-dependent during the first 6 hours of incubation. No significant effects on the haemolytic activity of erythrocytes were observed after incubation for 12 or 24 h with λ-carrageenin. The PLHC-1 cell line showed significant increases in cytotoxic activity after 6 or 12 hours of incubation compared with control cells, and the highest doses of λ-carrageenin caused cytotoxicity in PLHC-1 cells after 24 h of incubation. The morphology of PLHC1 cells incubated with the highest doses of λ-carrageenin for 12 or 24 h showed obvious cell death changes compared with control cells. Interestingly, no significant variations in cytotoxic activity were observed in SAF-1 or HeLa cell lines after incubation with λ-carrageenin. λ-carrageenin showed significant dose-dependent bactericidal activity against Photobacterium damselae but had no significant effect on the bactericidal activity of Vibrio harveyi, V. anguillarum, and Tenacibaculum maritimum. The study suggests that λ-carrageenin has potential applications in aquaculture and aquatic pharmaceutical industries as a hemagglutinating, hemolytic, and antibacterial agent.
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    In vitro immune-depression and anti-inflammatory activities of cantharidin on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) leucocytes activated by λ-carrageenan
    Campos-Sánchez, Jose Carlos; Esteban Abad, María de los Ángeles; Guardiola Abellán, Francisco Antonio; Biología Celular e Histología
    Cantharidin is a natural compound with known therapeutic applications in humans. However, its properties have hardly been studied in fish. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro effects of cantharidin on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) head kidney leucocytes (HKL) stimulated with λ-carrageenan. Thus, HKLs were incubated for 24 h with cantharidin (0, 2.5 and 5 μg mL-1) and λ-carrageenan (0 and 1,000 μg mL-1) and cell viability and morphology, immunological parameters and several selected genes related to inflammation and apoptosis were evaluated. The results showed that cantharidin only decreased HKL viability when incubated with the highest dose (5 μg mL-1) and in combination with λ-carrageenan. As for the immunological parameters studied, cantharidin increased the peroxidase activity of HKLs only when incubated in combination with λ-carrageenan, but inhibited the respiratory burst and phagocytic activities even after being previously increased by λ-carrageenan. Furthermore, cantharidin induced morphological changes in HKLs with apoptotic and vacuolization signs that were enhanced when incubated in combination with λ-carrageenan. Considering the analysis of gene expression in HKLs, although λ-carrageenan up-regulated the expression of the proinflammatory gene il1b, cantharidin down-regulated its expression in HKLs exposed to both λ-carrageenan and cantharidin. In addition, cantharidin up-regulated casp3 and casp9 expression, which was down-regulated in HKLs incubated with both molecules. This combination also up-regulated casp1 expression. The present results provide detailed insight into the immune-depressive and anti-inflammatory properties of cantharidin on immune cells, which could be of interest to the aquaculture sector.
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    Metabolomic profiling of the serological response to a hepcidin 1 injection in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)
    García Navarro, Laura; Esteban Abad, María de los Ángeles; Marín Parra, Claudia; Biología Celular e Histología
    Datos obtenidos mediante HILIC y RP con ESI positiva y negativa.
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    Serum proteinogram of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) and European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) as a new useful approach for detecting loss of haemostasis
    Campos-Sánchez, Jose Carlos; Esteban Abad, María de los Ángeles; Guardiola Abellán, Francisco Antonio; Biología Celular e Histología
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    Use of carrageenan in the screening of natural anti-inflammatory molecules in fish: in vitro effects of Chiliadenus glutinosus extracts
    Campos-Sánchez, Jose Carlos; Esteban Abad, María de los Ángeles; Guardiola Abellán, Francisco Antonio; Biología Celular e Histología
    Carrageenan, a high molecular weight sulphated polysaccharide, has been used in the screening of anti-inflammatory molecules in mammals. In this sense, Chiliadenus glutinosus (L.) Fourr., an endemic species of plant has been reported in the Spanish popular medicine due to their anti-inflammatory properties in humans. However, their properties have poorly been studied in fish. In this assay, different concentrations (0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg mL-1) of aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic extracts of this plant were elaborated, and the antioxidant, bactericidal (against four marine fish pathogen) and cytotoxic activity, as well as several immunological parameters in head-kidney leucocytes (HKLs) of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) were evaluated in a first experiment to determinate the extract with the best properties. Our results showed a dose-dependent antioxidant activity of each plant extract increasing with the concentration, a species- and extract-specific bactericidal activity, as well as a cytotoxic activity against the PLHC1 tumour cell line by the ethanolic and methanolic extracts. However, taking into account the cytotoxic effects of these two extracts on HKLs and the strong immunosuppressive effects on the immunological parameters assayed (peroxidase, respiratory burst activity and phagocytic capacity), a second experiment was developed by using only adjusted doses of the aqueous extract (0, 0.25 and 0.5 mg mL-1), in which immune parameters, cell morphology and inflammatory-related genes were studied in HKLs stimulated with λ-carrageenan. The present results offer a detailed view of the biological effects of C. glutinosus extracts, which could be interesting to the aquaculture sector due to their possible anti-inflammatory effects.