Browsing by Subject "Gallbladder"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    An immunohistochemical study of the expression of cell-cycle-regulated proteins p53, cyclin D1, RB, p27, Ki67 and MSH2 in gallbladder carcinoma and its precursor lesions
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 2005) Xuan, Y.H.; Choi, Y.L.; Shin, Y.K.; Kook, M.C.; Chae, S.W.; Park, S.M.; Chae, H.B.; Kim, S.H.
    Gallbladder carcinomas are rare but highly lethal neoplasms. We examined the expression of five cell-cycle-related molecules (p53, RB, cyclin D1, p27, Ki-67), and MSH2, in 46 carcinomas, 14 adenomas, 15 low-grade dysplasias, 9 intestinal metaplasias and 20 normal gallbladder epithelia. The expression of these molecules was altered in gallbladder carcinomas and adenomas. In gallbladder carcinomas we observed increased expression of p53, cyclin D1, Ki-67, and MSH2 together with decreased expression of RB and p27 protein. Aberrant expression of cyclin D1 and reduced expression of RB were noted in adenomas, and expression of cyclin D1 was elevated in low-grade dysplasias. However, there was no change in the levels of these cell-cycle molecules in metaplasia. Expression of p53, p27, Ki-67, and MSH2 was correlated with clinical stage (P<0.05) and there was also a correlation between the expression of Ki-67 and MSH-2 and patient age (P<0.05). These results suggest that altered expression of cell-cycle molecules p53, cyclin D1, RB, p27, and of MSH-2 is involved in the progression of gallbladder carcinomas.
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    Apoptosis in gallbladder carcinomas and dysplasias, its relation to the expression of caspases 3,6 and 8 and apoptosis regulating proteins bcl-2, mcl-l and bax
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 2000) Turunen, N.; Paakko, P.; Solni, Y.
    In this study we investigated apoptosis and the expression of caspases 3, 6 and 8 and bcl-2, mcl-l and bax in 39 gallbladder carcinomas and 7 epithelia1 dysplasias. The average apoptotic index was 0.68+0.91%. The extent of apoptosis was higher in grade 11-111 than grade I tumours or epithelial dysplasias (p=0.003). Also, tumours invading beyond serosa or into other organs (T3-T4) had a higher apoptotic index than other tumours (p=0.05). Caspase 3 expression was found in 37 (95%) and caspase 6 and 8 expression each in 30 (77%) carcinomas. Their expression associated with each other and tended to increase along with the progression of the lesions. Bcl-2 expression was found in only 4 (10%) tumours. In contrast, mcl-l positivity was found in 34 (87%) and bax positivity in all cases. The results show that apoptosis is increased along with progression of the neoplastic lesion of the gallbladder epithelium. Caspases 3,6 and 8 are strongly expressed in gallbladder carcinomas suggesting that they contribute to the increased apoptosis observed in them. Of the bcl-2 family proteins, bcl-2 was expressed infrequently suggesting that it does not play any significant role in apoptosis inhibition in gallbladder tumours.
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    Carcinosarcoma of the gallbladder
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 1987) Herrera-Goepfert, Roberto; Manrique Ortega, José de Jesús; Rodríguez-Martínez, Hector Abelardo
    The case of a 60-year-old woman with a fiveyear history of abdominal pain, jaundice, and weight loss is presented. On physical examination a hard mass on her right flank was evident. She died under unknown circumstances while she was waiting to be examined. At post-mortem examination the gallbladder was replaced by a neoplasm and there were gallstones within its lumen. Histologically, the tumour was constituted by a mixture of adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and undifferentiated sarcoma. The diagnosis of carcinosarcoma of the gallbladder was established. A review of previously reported cases is presented too.
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    The autonomic innervation of the liver and gallbladder of Podarcis hispanica
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 1990) Azanza, M.J.; Aisa, J.; Junquera, C.
    The innervation of the liver and gallbladder of the lizard Podarcis hispanica has been studied by the following methods: a) demonstration of cholinesterase activity; b) FIF method for catecholamines; and c) immunohistochemistry for VIP. The hepatic parenchyma of the reptile's liver show hzpatocytes arranged in regular rows of hepatic cords, the portal triad being typical of higher vertebrates (birds and mammals). Nerve fibers are found in the scarce connective tissue distributed among the hepatocytes. The innervation is restricted to the big branches of blood vessels and biliary ducts. It is represented by cholinergic, noradrenergic and VIPergic fibers. The gallbladder shows a well developed cholinergic plexus with pyramidal cells in the interconnection points of the fiber network. The noradrenergic and VIPergic plexuses are also more widely distributed in the gallbladder thali in the liver.
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    The autonomic innervation of the liver and gallbladder of Rana ridibunda
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 1989) Azanza, M.J.; Aisa, J.; Junquera, C.; Castiella, T.
    1 .- The innervation of the liver and gallbladder of Rana ridibunda has been studied by the following methods: (a) demonstration of cholinesterase activity; (b) FIF method for catecholamines; (c) immunohistochemistry for VIP and (d) electron microscopy. 2.- The hepatocytes are arranged in regular rows of hepatic cords, very little connective tissue is distributed in the parenchyma, the innervation being restricted to the big branches of blood vessels. 3.- Well defined cholinergic and adrenergic plexuses surround the hepatic arteries, portal veins and biliary ducts. The VIPergic innervation is scarce in the liver but a richly branched plexus spreads in the wall of the gallbladder. 4.- Cholinesterase-positive cells are widely distributed accompanying the nerve trunks of the gallbladder. The innervation distribution is prominent in the portion of the gallbladder next to the hepatic hilus. 5.- A population of melanin-storing cells besides free melanine granules are present in the liver parenchyma and are prominent in the gallbladder where the melanocytes are disposed in close contact with blood vessels and nerve structures. We have observed that the number of these visceral melanocytes considerably increases in winter, particularly in the liver.