DigitalUM :: Browsing by Subject "Dogs"

Browsing by Subject "Dogs"

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Open Access
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Serum Adiponectin Measurements in the Framework of Dog Obesity
(2020-09-14) Muñoz-Prieto, Alberto; Cerón, José Joaquín; Martínez-Subiela, Silvia; Mrljak, Vladimir; Tvarijonaviciute, Asta; Medicina y Cirugía Animal
Adiponectin is an abundant plasma protein that is closely related to obesity and obesity-related pathologies. The molecule can be found in three different isoforms, each with different biological activities. Studies on canine obesity have suggested that adiponectin concentrations are decreased in obesity; however, no canine meta-analyses have been performed that feature all the required data. The aim of this study is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that pertain to total and high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin in relation to canine obesity. From 20 different studies, a total of 366 dogs with obesity and 349 normal weight dogs are included in the meta-analysis. Client-owned dogs were most represented, accounting for 54.3% of the dogs used, while experimental dogs enrolled in the studies made up the remaining 45.7%. The concentrations of total adiponectin in dogs with obesity were significantly lower compared with normal weight dogs. Additionally, adiponectin concentrations were significantly higher in dogs after a successful weight loss protocol compared to the start of the protocol and were significantly lower in dogs after gaining weight. In conclusion, although caution should be taken due to the relatively low number of studies that exist and the high heterogeneity between them, this meta-analysis indicates that adiponectin is decreased in obese dogs.
Open Access
Aislamiento e identificación de staphylococcus spp. en muestras clínicas recogidas de cánidos y félidos: estu-dio de sensibilidad/resistencia a antibióticos
(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2025) Vidal Amorós, Vicente; Salinas Lorente, Jesús; Ortega Hernández, Nieves; Departamentos
El género bacteriano Staphylococcus spp. aglutina especies de bacterias muy ubicuas, colonizadores habi-tuales de personas y animales, que ejercen su acción patógena de manera oportunista, en base a factores predis-ponentes. Dentro del género, las especies más relevantes son S. aureus y S. pseudintermedius, ambas relacio-nadas con procesos dermatológicos en el perro. Los estafilococos han desarrollado mecanismos de resistencia a los antibióticos, como el gen mecA, que confiere resistencia frente a la meticilina, y con ello a toda la gama de antibióticos β-lactámicos. El riesgo zoonósico de estos microorganismos es elevado, con colonizaciones transi-torias que en caso de inmunodepresión u otros factores predisponentes, pueden generar infecciones también en los seres humanos. El objetivo de este estudio es aislar e identificar estafilococos de muestras clínicas de casos veterinarios en cánidos y félidos, para posteriormente realizar el estudio de resistencia a antibióticos, mediante la elaboración de antibiogramas con una selección de antibióticos representativos, y la detección del gen mecAmediante una reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR), que permita clasificar los estafilococos aislados en este estudio como sensibles (SSM) o resistentes a la meticilina (SRM), o como multirresistentes. Se aislaron un total de 13 cepas de estafilococos de las 16 muestras analizadas, todas ellas procedentes de cánidos. El diagnóstico microbiológico reveló que un 84.62% de las cepas aisladas eran estafilococos coagulasa positivos (ECP): S. aureus/Grupo Staphylococcus intermedius (GSI); y el resto (15.38%) fueron estafilococos coagulasa negativos (ECN): S. lentus y S. xylosus. Se detectaron elevados valores fenotípicos de resistencia antibiótica, especialmente frente a β-lactámicos, donde 100% las cepas aisladas en este estudio resultaron ser resistentes a la penicilina natural, y más del 45% lo fueron a otros antibióticos del mismo grupo. Además, el análisis mole-cular mediante PCR mostró que el 23.08% de las cepas aisladas de estafilococos eran SRM.
Embargo
Canine C-reactive protein measurements in cerebrospinal fluid by a time-resolved immunofluorimetric assay
(SAGE Publications, 2011-01-01) Martínez Subiela, Silvia; Caldin, Marco; Parra Muñoz, María Dolores; Ottolini, Nicola; Bertolini, Giovanna; Bernal, Luis J.; García Martínez, Juan Diego; Cerón Madrigal, José Joaquín; Ciencias Sociosanitarias
In the current study, the quantification of C-reactive protein (CRP) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of dogs using an adapted time-resolved immunofluorimetric assay (TR-IFMA) was investigated, as well as whether the assay could be used to detect the range of CRP concentrations found in different clinical situations. Intra- and interassay coefficients of variation were below 15% in all cases. The TR-IFMA measured the CRP values in a proportional and linear manner (r 5 0.99); also CRP concentrations measured in CSF and in serum were significantly correlated (r 5 0.80, P 5 0.003). The limit of detection of the method was 7.1 3 1026 mg/l. The assay was able to detect differences in CRP concentrations in CSF of dogs with inflammatory disorders compared with dogs with spinal cord compression or idiopathic epilepsy. In conclusion, TR-IFMA constitutes a very sensitive, precise, and accurate method for the measurement of CRP concentrations in CSF.
Open Access
Caracterización clínica y epidemiológica de los tipos de epilepsia idiopática canina: estudio retrospectivo en 258 perros
(Facultad de Veterinaria y el Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia, 2023) Pellegrino, Fernando Carlos; Blanco, Carlos
El objetivo fue caracterizar clínica y epidemiológicamente distintos tipos de Epilepsia Idiopática Canina (EIC).Se analizó la EIC en 258 perros, diagnosticados según los criterios del Grupo Internacional de Trabajo en Epilepsia Veterinaria (de su sigla en inglés, IVETF) 2015 (nivel I). Se excluyeron los perros con seguimiento <2 años, los que desarrollaron signos neurológicos interictales, y aquellos con antecedentes desconocidos. Se agru-paron las razas por linaje genético en 5 grupos (origen asiático/africano; terriers/galgos/cazadores modernos; pastores; mastines; mestizos). Se clasificó la EIC en: focal (EICF); generalizada (EICG); y combinada focal y generalizada (EICCo) (Liga Internacional contra la Epilepsia, de su sigla en inglés, ILAE 2017). Se describiò el resultado del tratamiento según los criterios IVETF 2015. Para cada tipo de epilepsia se analizó la asociación con las variables edad de inicio, sexo, estado reproductivo, peso, raza, grupos y respuesta al tratamiento, con un nivel de significación del 5%. La EICG representó el 57,36% de los casos; la EICF el 30,23%, y la EICCo el 12,4%. No se encontraron asociaciones significativas para edad de inicio (mediana 3 años), ni sexo (machos 58%). Se encontró efecto significativo para grupo, raza, estado reproductivo, peso, y respuesta al tratamiento. El grupo 2 prevalece en la EICF (total 58,97%, Caniches 29%), seguido por los mestizos (25,64%) y el grupo 4 (total 8.97%, Labrador 6,41%). Los mestizos prevalecen en la EICG (37,84%), seguidos por el grupo 2 (total 39,19%; Caniche 26%, Beagle 5,40%). Los mestizos representan el 46,87% en la EICCo, seguidos por el grupo 2 (total 43,75%; Ca-niche 21,87%, Vizsla 6,25%), y el grupo 4 (Cane Corso 6,25%). El Caniche es la raza con más probabilidades de tener EICF. La proporción de perros libres de crisis (79%) es mayor en la EICF, con menor cantidad de medicamentos anticonvulsivantes utilizados (83% monoterapia). El peso difiere entre la EICF, EICG y EICCo (mediana 9.5, 15 y 11 kg, respectivamente) y, a mayor peso, mayor probabilidad de fracaso terapéutico. Las hembras enteras tienen mayor probabilidad de presentar EICF (29.5%)
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Changes in serum biomarkers of oxidative stress after treatment for canine leishmaniosis in sick dogs
(Elsevier, 2016-12) Peres Rubio, Camila; Martínez-Subiela, Silvia; Tvarijonaviciute, Asta; Pardo-Marin, Luis; Segarra, S.; Cerón, J.J.; Hernández Ruiz, Josefa; Medicina y Cirugía Animal
Canine leishmaniosis (CanL) is a zoonotic disease being endemic in several parts of the world. In this studywe investigated the behavior of a panel of biomarkers of oxidative stress in 12 sick dogs naturally infectedby CanL before and at days 30 and 180 of a successful therapy with a standard treatment. The assays totaloxidant status (TOS), trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), ferric reducing ability of plasma(FRAP), cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), serum thiol and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) wereincluded in the panel. In addition, correlations between biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation(C-reactive protein (CRP) and ferritin) and urinary protein:creatinine ratio (UPC) were calculated. SerumCUPRAC, thiol and PON1 significantly increased after treatment and were negatively correlated with CRP,ferritin and UPC. This study demonstrates that biomarkers of oxidative stress, not previously studied inleishmaniosis such as CUPRAC and thiol, can change after a successful treatment for CanL showing apotential for use in monitoring the treatment of this disease
Open Access
Changes of inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in dogs with different stages of heart failure
(BioMed Central (BMC), 2020-11-10) Peres Rubio, Camila; Saril, A.; Kocaturk, M.; Tanaka, R.; Koch, J.; Cerón, J.J.; Yilmaz, Z.; Medicina y Cirugía Animal
Background: Heart failure (HF) is associated with changes in inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers. This study aimed to evaluate the changes of a panel of inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in dogs with different stages of HF and its relation with the severity of the disease and echocardiographic changes. A total of 29 dogs with HF as a result of myxomatous mitral valve degeneration or dilated cardiomyopathy were included and classified as stage-A (healthy), B (asymptomatic dogs), C (symptomatic dogs) and D (dogs with end-stage HF) according to the ACVIM staging system. In these dogs an ecnhocardiographic examination was performed and cytokines, and inflammatory and oxidative stress markers were evaluated in serum. Results: KC-like was significantly increased in dogs of stage-C (P<0.01) and -D (P < 0.05) compared with stage-A and -B. Stage-D dogs showed significantly higher serum CRP and Hp (P < 0.05) but lower serum antioxidant capacity (PON1, TEAC, CUPRAC, and thiol) compared to stage-A and -B (P < 0.05). After the treatment, serum levels of CRP, Hp and KClike decreased and serum antioxidant levels increased compared to their pre-treatment values. Left ventricular dimension and LA/Ao ratio correlated positively with CRP, MCP-1, and KC-like but negatively with PON1, GM-CSF, IL-7 and antioxidant biomarkers (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Our results showed that dogs with advanced HF show increases in positive acute-phase proteins and selected inflammatory cytokines such as KC-like, and decreases in antioxidant biomarkers, indicating that inflammation and oxidative stress act as collaborative partners in the pathogenesis of HF. Some of these biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress could have the potential to be biomarkers to monitor the severity of the disease and the effect of treatment.
Open Access
Changes of the salivary and serum proteome in canine hypothyroidism
(Elsevier, 2024-01) González Arostegui, L. G.; Muñoz Prieto, Alberto; Rubio, C. P.; Cerón, J. J.; Bernal, L.; Rubić, I.; Mrljak, V.; González Sánchez, J. C.; Tvarijonaviciute, Asta; Medicina y Cirugía Animal
In this study, changes in salivary and serum proteome of dogs with hypothyroidism were studied using tandem mass tags (TMT) labelling and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Saliva and serum proteome from 10 dogs with hypothyroidism were compared with 10 healthy dogs. In saliva, a total of seven proteins showed significant changes between the two groups, being six downregulated and one upregulated, meanwhile, in serum, a total of six proteins showed significant changes, being five downregulated and one upregulated. The altered proteins reflected metabolic and immunologic changes, as well as, skin and coagulation alterations, and these proteins were not affected by gender. One of the proteins that were downregulated in saliva, lactate dehydrognease (LDH), was measured by a spectrophotometric assay in saliva samples from 42 dogs with hypothyroidism, 42 dogs with non-thyroid diseases and 46 healthy dogs. The activity of LDH was lower in the saliva of hypothyroid dogs when compared to non-thyroid diseased dogs and healthy controls. This study indicates that canine hypothyroidism can produce changes in the proteome of saliva and serum. These two sample types showed different variations in their proteins reflecting physiopathological changes that occur in this disease, mainly related to the immune system, metabolism, skin and coagulation. In addition, some of the proteins identified in this study, specially LDH in saliva, should be further explored as potential biomarkers of canine hypothyroidism.
Open Access
Detection of Leishmania infantum DNA and antibodies against Anaplasma spp., Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. and Ehrlichia canis in a dog kennel in South-Central Romania
(BioMed Central, 2020-08-03) Cazan, Cristina Daniela; Matei, Ioana Adriana; Ionică, Angela Monica; D’Amico, Gianluca; Muñoz Hernández, Clara; Berriatua Fernández de Larrea, Eduardo; Dumitrache, Mirabela Oana; Sin departamento asociado
Canine vector-borne diseases are caused by pathogens transmitted by arthropods including ticks, mosquitoes and sand flies. Many canine vector-borne diseases are of zoonotic importance. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of vector-borne infections caused by Dirofilaria immitis, Ehrlichia canis, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Anaplasma spp. and Leishmania infantum in a dog kennel in Argeș County, Romania. Dog kennels are shelters for stray dogs with no officially registered owners that are gathered to be neutered and/or boarded for national/international adoptions by various public or private organizations. The international dog adoptions might represent a risk in the transmission of pathogens into new regions. In this context, a total number of 149 blood samples and 149 conjunctival swabs from asymptomatic kennel dogs were assessed using serology and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Antibodies against B. burgdorferi s.l. were detected in one dog (0.6%), anti-Anaplasma antibodies were found in five dogs (3.3%), while ten dogs (6.7%) tested positive for D. immitis antigen. Overall, 20.1% (30/149) of dogs were positive for L. infantum DNA. All samples were seronegative for anti-Leishmania antibodies. When adopting dogs from this region of Romania, owners should be aware of possible infection with especially L. infantum. The travel of infected dogs may introduce the infection to areas where leishmaniasis is not present.
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Epidemiological study of non-systemic parasitism in dogs in Southeast Mediterranean Spain assessed by coprological and post-mortem examination
(Wiley, 2007-06-01) Martínez Carrasco-Pleite, Carlos; Berriatua, Eduardo; Garijo Toledo, María Magdalena; Martínez, José; Alonso de Vega, Francisco D.; Ruiz de Ybáñez Carnero, María del Rocío; Sanidad Animal
The prevalence and risk factors of non-systemic canine ecto- and endoparasitism and anthelminthic use in Murcia located at the centre of the Spanish Mediterranean coastal arch, was investigated by coprology and necropsy in up to 275 pet, city shelter and stray dogs in 2001–2004. Faecal parasite stages were detected in 25% of dogs. Species frequency was 6–10% for Toxocara canis, Ancylostomatidae spp., Toxascaris leonina and Isospora canis, and 0.4–1% for Trichuris vulpis, Giardia lamblia, and Dipylidium caninum. Logistic regression indicated that the risk of intestinal parasitism was highest for dogs £1 year old, in the middle to low weight range and kept at the city shelter. Although risk factors varied according to the species, T. canis was most common in <1 year old and Ancylostomatidae spp. was more prevalent in older dogs. This suggests that the dominant species was Uncinaria spp. and not the more zoonotically important Ancylostoma spp. This was further supported by necropsy findings; however, the degree of agreement between post-mortem and coprological examination for intestinal parasites was generally poor. Necropsy revealed 10% G. lamblia, 12% Taenia spp. 38% D. caninum infections. Fleas, ticks and lice were also found in 38%, 6% and 2% of necropsied stray dogs. These results demonstrate the need for an urgent parasite control programme at the city dog shelter and the need to improve the owner’s education on zoonotic risks, the proper use of anthelminthics, and other parasite control practices.
Open Access
Epilepsia idiopatica focal con crisis motoras en 50 ca-niches en Argentina: caracterizacion electroclinica y respuesta a la terapia
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2024) Pellegrino, Fernando Carlos; Blanco, Carlos; Martínez, Oscar Adolfo
Las crisis focales motoras fueron descritas como posible manifestación clínica de la epilepsia idiopática en Caniches. El objetivo del trabajo es caracterizar la presentación particular de la Epilepsia Idiopática Focal con Crisis Motoras (EIFcCM) de esta raza en Argentina.Se investigaron 50 Caniches (variedades toy, enano y mediano) con EIFcCM, diagnosticados según los criterios del Grupo de Trabajo Internacional de Epilepsia Veterinaria. Se estudiaron las asociaciones estadísti-cas entre la edad de inicio, peso, estado reproductivo, variedad, generalización de las crisis, presencia de crisis seriadas, evolución espontánea (necesidad o no de medicación), cantidad de medicamentos anticonvulsivantes (MACs) usados y respuesta al tratamiento, mediante la técnica multivariante de análisis de conglomerados y el análisis de componentes principales. La asociación parcial entre variables fue estudiada, según sus característi-cas, mediante las pruebas de Kruskall-Wallis, Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon, prueba de independencia (χ2 Pearson), prueba de G2 (máxima verosimilitud), o regresión logística. El nivel de significación fue del 5% (p≤0.05). Las crisis fueron clasificadas como motoras tónicas/distónicas, asimétricas, con compromiso de la muscula-tura epiaxial, y apendicular proximal, con elevación de un miembro, sin alteración de la conciencia. Seis perros presentaron evolución a crisis generalizadas. El electroencefalograma mostró descargas epileptiformes centro-parietales. Todos los perros respondieron a la terapia, sin fracasos terapéuticos, la mayoría con monoterapia, indicando el carácter benigno de esta EIFcCM. El análisis de los datos permitió identificar 3 subpoblaciones con distinta severidad del fenotipo clínico. Se diferenciaron por el peso corporal, la evolución de las crisis a la generalización, edad de inicio, evolución clínica espontánea y número de MACs usados. Las variedades de Caniche de mayor tamaño presentaron un fenotipo clínico más severo, con una edad de inicio más precoz. La EIFcCM en una población de Caniches en Argentina se presenta como un posible síndrome epiléptico, y potencial modelo espontáneo para ciertas epilepsias focales motoras humanas.
Open Access
Evaluación físico-química y económica de piensos comerciales para perros de raza pequeña
(Universidad de Murcia, 2016) Ivars Jansen, Paula; Hernández Ruipérez, Fuensanta; Orengo Femenia, Juan; Martínez Miró, Silvia; Madrid Sánchez, Josefa
Actualmente, los piensos comerciales son los alimentos más utilizados para cubrir las necesidades nutritivas de los animales de compañía, garantizando la completa ración diaria. El objetivo del estudio fue realizar una evaluación comparada de las características físico-químicas y del coste económico de piensos completos para perros disponibles comercialmente. Se seleccionaron cuatro piensos para perros adultos de raza pequeña (< 10 kg de PV), pertenecientes a marcas comerciales de distintas categorías: un Super premium, un Premium y dos piensos de Marca blanca (1 y 2). En estos piensos se realizaron análisis de los parámetros físicos (longitud, grosor, densidad, dureza y durabilidad), así como análisis químicos de humedad, cenizas brutas, proteína bruta, fibra bruta, grasa bruta, calcio, fósforo y 16 aminoácidos. Además, se calculó el contenido en energía metabolizable (EM) de los piensos y la ingestión de los mismos, para determinar el coste de la ración diaria de cada pienso. Los resultados muestran que todas las croquetas de los piensos alcanzaron longitudes < 14 mm y densidades bajas (≤ 0,50 g/cm3). La durabilidad media fue alta sin diferencias entre piensos (P > 0,05). La evaluación de los componentes declarados en la etiqueta y los análisis realizados, mostraron que en general los piensos estaban dentro de los límites de tolerancia permitidos, a excepción del contenido en cenizas brutas y fósforo del pienso de Marca blanca 1. La composición química de los piensos (%MS) indicó que el pienso de Marca blanca 1 fue el de menor contenido en proteína bruta, metionina y lisina, y el de mayor nivel en cenizas brutas, calcio y fósforo (P < 0,05). Además, este pienso fue el alimento con menor concentración energética (P < 0,01). Cabe destacar que todos los piensos cubrieron los requerimientos mínimos en los nutrientes analizados por 1000 kcal de EM. La diferencia entre el costede la ración diaria del pienso más caro (Super premium) y de los más baratos (marcas blancas) supuso un ahorro del 66,91%. En conclusión, podemos considerar que el precio de un pienso no determina la calidad del mismo en relación a los nutrientes analizados, si bien otras pruebas adicionales serían necesarias.
Open Access
Evaluation of Changes in Metabolites of Saliva in Canine Obesity Using a Targeted Metabolomic Approach
(2021-07-26) Muñoz-Prieto, Alberto; Rubić, Ivana; Horvatić, Anita; Rafaj, Renata Barić; Cerón, José Joaquín; Tvarijonaviciute, Asta; Mrljak, Vladimir; Medicina y Cirugía Animal
Obesity is a common problem in pet dogs, affecting half of the general population in some countries. Excess body weight causes several disorders and has a negative impact on dogs’ quality of life. The use of metabolomics allows the identification of metabolite traces from the metabolic pathways involved in pathological processes. This study aimed to evaluate salivary metabolite variations in dogs with obesity. The salivary samples of 19 dogs were analyzed using a targeted metabolomic approach, through which 234 metabolites were quantified. Of these, multivariate analysis identified 27 different metabolites altered in dogs with obesity compared with control dogs. These metabolites were mainly classified as amino acids, glycerides, sphingolipids, glycerophospholipids, and acylcarnitines. Some of the changes in these metabolites reflect the insulin resistance status related to obesity in dogs. Overall, it can be concluded that the salivary metabolome of obese dogs reflects the metabolic changes occurring in obesity and could be a source of potential biomarkers for this complex condition.
Open Access
Histopathological features of canine spontaneous non-neoplastic gastric polyps - a retrospective study of 15 cases
(F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2014) Taulescu, M.A.; Valentine, B.A.; Amorim, I.; Gärtner, F.; Dumitraşcu, D.L.; Gal, A.F.; Sevastre, B.; Cătoi, C.
Fifteen cases of canine gastric polyps, collected over a 4-year period, were investigated using gross inspection, histological procedures and immunohistochemical techniques for Helicobacter infection. No breed or sex predisposition was found for gastric polyps, although they occurred mainly in elderly animals. There were 9 pedunculated and 6 sessile polypoid growths, between 5 to 30 mm in diameter developed mainly in the pyloric region of the stomach. The most common type of gastric polyps was the hyperplastic one. The inflammatory type was identified in three cases. Foci of AB/PAS Goblet positive cells resembling intestinal metaplasia, mild dysplasia of gastric epithelium, well delimited calcified areas, islands of osteoid matrix and nematodes were present in some of these lesions. Histological examination of the adjacent gastric polyp (surrounding gastric mucosa) revealed a severe chronic inflammation in 13 cases and a high grade of Helicobacter species colonization in all cases, but Kendall test analysis showed no correlation between Helicobacter spp. colonization degree and gastritis scores (τ=0289; p=0.204). A significant correlation was found between Helicobacter spp. location and gastritis scores (τ=0.497; p=0.035). Immunohistochemistry performed with a polyclonal antibody confirmed Helicobacter spp. infection in all cases. Based on their morphology, Helicobacter pylori - like organisms were described in 3 of 15 cases. No high degree of dysplasia nor neoplasia were identified in these lesions. The etiology and pathogenesis of gastric polyps in dogs are still unknown, although a severe chronic antral gastritis may be a predisposing condition for development of gastric polyps in dogs.
Open Access
Imaging features of unilateral renal T-cell lymphoma occurring simultaneously in the urinary bladder wall and contralateral ureter with secondary polycythaemia in a dog
(JohnWiley & Sons Ltd, 2021-05-31) Soler, Marta; García-Martínez, Juan; Barge, Pablo; Belda, Eliseo; Agut, Amalia; Medicina y Cirugía Animal
A six-years-old neutered male Labrador Retriever was presented with haematuria and inappetence of one-week duration. Physical examination revealed mild abdominal pain and the blood cell count showed moderate polycythaemia, with a slight increase of the erythropoietin levels.Urinalysis demonstrated proteinuria, haematuria and isosthenuria and urinary sediment revealed mild amount of lymphoid cells. After performing a complete imaging study (radiographs, ultrasound and CT scan), a unilateral renal lymphoma with secondary extranodal lymphoma of the urinary tract (bladder wall and left ureter) was suspected. Fine-needle aspirates of both kidneys, ureter and bladder masses were obtained, and a tentative diagnosis of lymphoma was made. Positive PCR antigen receptor rearrangement indicated a T-cell origin. The owners opted for euthanasia and declined necropsy. CT was essential for the evaluation of this case, not only depicted renal lesions, but also identified accurately extension to adjacent anatomic structures helping to determine the systemic spread of the disease.
Open Access
Impaired spermatogenesis, tubular wall disruption, altered blood-testis barrier composition and intratubular lymphocytes in an infertile Beagle dog – a putative case of autoimmune orchitis
(Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2019) Matschurat, Carolin; Rode, Kristina; Hollenbach, Julia; Wolf, Karola; Urhausen, Carola; Beineke, Andreas; Günzel Apel, Anne Rose; Brehm, Ralph
Impairment of blood-testis barrier integrity can be observed during inflammation, infection, trauma and experimental autoimmune orchitis, which is inducible in rodents. In the present study, an initially fertile two-year-old Beagle dog was presented with a decline in total sperm number resulting in azoospermia within five months, verified by twice-monthly semen analyses. The dog was clinically healthy with bilateral small testes and showed normal thyroid function. Bacterial cultures of semen were negative and serum biochemical analyses showed no abnormal findings. To determine causes of azoospermia, the dog was castrated. Histological examinations of hematoxylin-eosin stained testicular sections revealed impaired spermatogenesis, seminiferous tubules with spermatogenic arrest or Sertoli-cell-only syndrome as well as focal interstitial and even intratubular lymphocytic infiltrations. Germ cell sloughing, apoptosis and giant cells were also observed in some tubules. Subsequent immunostainings of smooth-muscle-actin, claudin3, claudin11 and connexin43 demonstrated, for the first time, a mechanical and functional disruption of the tubular wall and alterations of blood-testis barrier proteins in these tubules. Presence of claudin3 and claudin11 in canine testis was confirmed using RT-PCR and sequencing and/ or Western-blot analyses. All findings suggested a possible spontaneous autoimmune orchitis to be the underlying cause for the observed azoospermia.
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Longitudinal monitoring of anti-saliva antibodies as markers of repellent efficacy against Phlebotomus perniciosus and Phlebotomus papatasi in dogs
(Wiley, 2019-11-18) Risueño Iranzo, José; Spitzová, T.; Bernal Gambín, Luis Jesús; Muñoz Hernández, Clara; López, M. C.; Thomas, M. C.; Volf, P.; Infante, J. J.; Berriatua Fernández de Larrea, Eduardo; Sin departamento asociado
A 2-year longitudinal study of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) antibodies against Phlebotomus perniciosus and Phlebotomus papatasi (Diptera: Psychodidae) sandfly saliva was performed in 32 Beagle dogs treated preventively with an imidacloprid–permethrin topical insecticide in an endemic area in Spain. Dogs were grouped into three sandfly exposure groups according to the time of inclusion in the study. Assays analysed immunoglobulin G (IgG) against salivary gland homogenates (SGH) of both species and recombinant P. papatasi rSP32 and P. perniciosus rSP03B proteins in serum. The dogs were participating in a Leishmania infantum (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) vaccine trial and were experimentally infected with the parasite in the second year. No dog acquired natural L. infantum infections during the first year, but most developed anti-saliva antibodies, and median log-transformed optical densities (LODs) were seasonal, mimicking those of local sandflies. This indicates that the repellent efficacy of the insecticide used is below 100%. Multi-level modelling of LODs revealed variability among dogs, autocorrelation and differences according to the salivary antigen and the dog's age. However, dog seroprevalence, estimated using pre-exposure LODs as cut-offs, was relatively low. This, and the fact that dogs did not become naturally infected with L. infantum, would support the efficacy and usefulness of this imidacloprid–permethrin topical insecticide in canine leishmaniasis control.
Open Access
Measurement of urea and creatinine in saliva of dogs: a pilot study
( BioMed Central , 2018-07-20) Tvarijonaviciute, Asta; Pardo Marín, Luis; Tecles Vicente, Fernando; Carrillo Sánchez, J. D.; García Martínez, Juan Diego; Bernal Gambín, Luis Jesús; Pastor, Josep; Cerón Madrigal, José Joaquín; Martínez Subiela, Silvia; Medicina y Cirugía Animal
Background: Urea and creatinine in saliva have been reported to be possible markers of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in humans. The aim of this study was to assess if urea and creatinine could be measured in canine saliva, and to evaluate their possible changes in situations of CKD. Results: The spectrophotometric assays for urea and creatinine measurements in saliva of dogs showed intra- and inter-assay imprecision lower than 12% and coefficients of correlation close to 1 in linearity under dilution tests. Healthy dogs showed median salivary concentrations of urea of 39.6 mg/dL and creatinine of 0.30 mg/dL, whereas dogs with CKD showed median salivary urea of 270.1 mg/dL and creatinine of 1.86 mg/dL. Positive high correlations were found between saliva and serum activities of the two analytes (urea, r = 0.909; P < 0.001; creatinine, r = 0.819; P < 0.001). Conclusions: Urea and creatinine concentrations can be measured in canine saliva with commercially available spectrophotometric assays. Both analytes showed higher values in saliva of dogs with CKD compared with healthy dogs and their values were highly correlated with those in serum in our study conditions.
Open Access
Presunta parálisis periódica hipercalémica con miotonía en perros Shi-Tzú y Pastor Alemán
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2018) Pellegrino, Fernando Carlos
En los humanos, las canalopatías del músculo esquelético son entidades de base genética y de incidencia muy baja. En relación al canal de sodio en particular, las diferentes mutaciones SCN4A pueden dar lugar a diversos fenotipos que van desde la parálisis muscular (parálisis periódica hipercalémica, parálisis periódica hipocalémica) a la hiperexcitabilidad muscular (paramiotonía congénita, miotonías agravadas por potasio), pasando por fenotipos combinados de las dos anteriores. Existe una estrecha interrelación entre la parálisis periódica hipercalémica y las miotonías; ambas características pueden coexistir en el mismo paciente.Este trabajo describe un cuadro clínico que afectó a una camada de 7 cachorros Pastor Alemán y a una camada de 4 cachorros Shi-Tzú, con episodios caracterizados por un fenotipo clínico de parálisis muscular combinado con hiperexcitabilidad muscular.De acuerdo a los hallazgos clínicos (fenomenología clínica, edad de aparición, recurrencia de los episo-dios, ausencia de signos clínicos entre los episodios) y de laboratorio (hipercalemia), y a los resultados del tratamiento con acetazolamida, el diagnóstico presuntivo fue parálisis periódica hipercalémica con miotonía/paramiotonía por una canalopatía SCN4A.Destacamos la importancia del diagnóstico clínico para estas raras patologías. En ausencia de diagnóstico genético, los métodos de diagnóstico complementario tiene valor limitado debido al carácter funcional de estos trastornos.Proponemos esta comunicación como la primera de este tipo en perros de raza Pastor Alemán y Shi-Tzú.
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Questionnaire survey on Canine Leishmaniosis in southeastern Spain
(Elsevier B.V., 2009) Ruiz de Ybáñez Carnero, María del Rocío; Del Río Alonso, Laura; Martínez Carrasco-Pleite, Carlos; Segovia, M.; Cox, J.; Davies, C.; Berriatua Fernández de Larrea, Eduardo; Sanidad Animal
A veterinary practitioner’s questionnaire survey on Canine Leishmaniosis (CanL) was carried out in southeast Spain to provide information on disease incidence, diagnosis and recommended preventive measures. A third of 101 responding veterinarians reported seeing more than 20 CanL cases during the previous year and clinical signs considered frequent or very frequent included weight loss, areas of exfoliative dermatitis, lymphadenomegaly, kidney dysfunction, onychogryphosis, cutaneous ulcers, anaemia, asthenia and apathy. Almost a third of veterinarians reported diagnosing CanL solely on the basis of lack of response to treatment for other chronic illnesses. The frequency of individual signs did not always reflect their diagnostic value. Themajority of veterinarians, considered lymphadenomegaly, exfoliative dermatitis, onychogryphosis, weight loss and epistaxis to be the best disease indicators. However, up to 93% of veterinarians reported using laboratory tests to confirm infection, including indirect (biochemical and antibody assays) and direct (PCR and microscopy) methods. Among recommended measures to prevent CanL, insecticide impregnated collars and topical spot-on capsules were prescribed by 92% and 74% of respondents; however, at least 11% of veterinarians believed existing CanL preventive measures were ineffective. Multivariable statistical analysis indicated that seeing more than 20 CanL cases during the previous year was independently associated with being located in Alicante province, having a rural clientele and recognising that dogs with no other sign but a lack of response to other chronic disease treatments may be infected with CanL. There was a weak association between CanL incidence and rainfall in the months prior to typical sandfly peak abundance.
Open Access
El registro funerario calcolítico en el extremo suroriental de la Península Ibérica: los valles del Guadalentín y Segura (Murcia)
(Diputación de Valencia, Museo de Prehistoria de Valencia, 2016) Lomba Maurandi, Joaquín; Haber Uriarte, María; Prehistoria, Arqueología, Historia Antigua, Historia Medieval y Ciencias y Técnicas Historiográficas
El trabajo actualiza los datos sobre el registro funerario calcolítico en la Región de Murcia, analizando aspectos relacionados con la tipología de las tumbas, los diferentes modos en que se disponen los restos humanos, y la presencia y disposición de los elementos que los acompañan, con especial atención a los restos faunísticos y, dentro de la cultura material, a los elementos en sílex. Se reflexiona sobre la consideración explícita de ajuar de estos elementos, y se proponen pautas generales de comportamiento del registro funerario, con atención a casos peninsulares y europeos en los que se evidencian tratamientos o casos similares a los documentados en la zona de estudio. --------------------