Histology and histopathology Vol.31, nº5 (2016)

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https://hdl.handle.net/10201/109801

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Browsing Histology and histopathology Vol.31, nº5 (2016) by Subject "Apoptosis"

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    Physiological and pathological significance of the molecular cross-talk between autophagy and apoptosis
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2016) Oral, Ozlem; Akkoc, Yunus; Bayraktar, Oznur; Gozuacik, Devrim
    y. Autophagy and apoptosis are two important molecular mechanisms that maintain cellular homeostasis under stress conditions. Autophagy represents an intracellular mechanism responsible for turnover of organelles and long-lived proteins through a lysosome-dependent degradation pathway. Cell death signals or sustained stress might trigger programmed cell death pathways, and among them, apoptosis is the most extensively studied one. Recent studies indicate the presence of a complex interplay between autophagy and apoptosis. Physiological relevance of autophagyapoptosis crosstalk was mainly shown in vitro. However, in vivo consequences possibly exist both during health and disease. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge about molecular mechanisms connecting autophagy and apoptosis, and about the significance of this crosstalk for human health.
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    Role of an endothelin type A receptor antagonist in regulating torsion-induced testicular apoptosis in rats
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2016) Cayli, Sevil; Ocakli, Seda; Senel, Ufuk; Karaca, Zafer; Erdemir, Fikret; Delibasi, Tuncay
    Testicular torsion is a well-known medical emergency that can lead to pathological changes in the testicular tissues and male infertility. This investigation was undertaken to gain insight into the effects of an endothelin type A receptor antagonist (BQ123) on torsion-induced germ cell loss. Twenty-eight male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups. In group I (control group), a sham operation to the left testis was performed. In group II (I/R injury), I/R injury was created by rotating the left testis 720° in a clockwise direction for 2 h and detorsing the testis after 2 h. In group III (I/R injury+BQ123), the rats were subjected to I/R injury and BQ123 injection (1 mg/kg, intravenous). In group IV (control+BQ123), the sham operated rats were subjected to BQ123. The testes of the rats were removed in all groups. Torsion-induced apoptosis and the effects of BQ123 were examined by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick end labelling (TUNEL) technique, immunohistochemistry and western blotting. In group II, the number of TUNEL-positive cells increased after testicular torsion. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting showed that apoptotic proteins (active caspase 3 and Bax) were upregulated, and the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2 was downregulated in I/R injury. The administration of BQ123 caused a significant decrease in the number of apoptotic cells and the expression of apoptotic proteins (p<0.05) when compared with the I/R injury group. No significant effect of BQ123 was observed in the testicular cells of group IV. This animal study provides evidence of the regulatory effects of BQ123 on torsion-induced testicular apoptosis.