Browsing by browse.metadata.contributordepartment "Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada"

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
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    A cross-sectional study of the impact of regular use of insecticides in dogs on Canine Leishmaniosis seroprevalence in southeast Spain
    (Elsevier, 2015-12-19) Goyena Salgado, María Elena; Pérez Cutillas, Pedro; Chitimia, L.; Risueño, J.; García-Martínez, J.D.; Bernal, L.J.; Berriatua Fernández de Larrea, Eduardo; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada
    The relationship between Canine Leishmaniosis (CanL) seroprevalence and regular use of topical insecticides was investigated in 800 pet dogs with no visible signs of CanL in Murcia, southeast Spain in 2011. Dogs were clients to 17 veterinary practices and were analyzed for Leishmania infantum antibodies in blood plasma using two commercial ELISAs (Ingezim, Ingenasa®, Spain; Leishcan, Hipra®, Spain). Owners were interviewed to gather data on dog related variables. They included date of birth, home address and frequency, duration and timing of insecticide treatments used to prevent ectoparasite infestations. The dog’s residence was georeferenced and environmental data potentially associated with the dog’s risk of L. infantum infection was obtained. A mixed logistic regression model was then developed to analyze the relationship between the dog’s serological status and insecticidal treatment adjusted for demographic and environmental variables. Overall, CanL seroprevalence (95% confidence limits) was 18% (16–21%) including 11% in dogs not using insecticide treatments (n = 60) and 19% in those using them (n = 740) (p > 0.05). At least 16 different insecticide products were used and 73%, 26% and 1% of dogs received 1, 2 and 3 products a year. The most frequent commercial brands used and the only ones in the market claiming anti-sandfly activity, were Scalibor collars (deltametrin 40 mg/g; MSD®), Advantix pipettes (permethrin 500 mg/ml and imidacloprid 100 mg/ml; Bayer®) and Exspot spot-on pipettes (permethrin 715 mg/ml; MSD®). Seroprevalence was 9%, 16%, 20%, 22% and 25% for dogs with Scalibor collars plus Advantix pipettes, Scalibor collars plus ExSpot pipettes, Advantix pipettes alone, Scalibor collars alone and Exspot pipettes alone, respectively. The multivariable model confirmed a significant reduction in the risk of Leishmania spp. seropositivity in dogs using the Scalibor and Advantix combination compared to those using either product alone and provided evidence of greatly increased risk of CanL in rural areas situated at 300–500 m altitude and average March–July temperatures of 18.6–19 ◦C. The study highlights the difficulty in controlling CanL infection by means of insecticide use alone and thatit could be improved by using the Scalibor and Advantix combination and identifying and targeting specific geographical areas.
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    Cell volume regulation modulates NLRP3 inflammasome activation
    (Elsevier, 2012-09-21) Compan, Vincent; Baroja Mazo, Alberto; López Castejón ∙, Gloria; Gómez, Ana I.; Martínez Cáceres, Carlos Manuel; Angosto, Diego; Montero, María T.; Herranz, Antonio S.; Bazán, Eulalia; Reimers, Diana; Mulero, Victoriano; Pelegrín, Pablo; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada
    Cell volume regulation is a primitive response to alterations in environmental osmolarity. The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multiprotein complex that senses pathogen- and danger-associated signals. Here, we report that, from fish to mammals, the basic mechanisms of cell swelling and regulatory volume decrease (RVD) are sensed via the NLRP3 inflammasome. We found that a decrease in extracellular osmolarity induced a K+-dependent conformational change of the preassembled NLRP3-inactive inflammasome during cell swelling, followed by activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and caspase-1, which was controlled by transient receptor potential channels during RVD. Both mechanisms were necessary for interleukin-1β processing. Increased extracellular osmolarity prevented caspase-1 activation by different known NLRP3 activators. Collectively, our data identify cell volume regulation as a basic conserved homeostatic mechanism associated with the formation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and reveal a mechanism for NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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    Influence of the stocking density on the growth, feeding, survival rate and muscle cellularity of juvenile specimens of common name shi drum, Umbrina cirrosa L.
    (Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI), 2020-01-19) Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; Molera, Ángela; García Alcázar, Alicia; Arizcun, Marta; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada
    Common name Umbrina cirrosa specimens (mean weight 9.5 g, mean length 9 cm) were categorized in three densities (4, 9 and 15 kg m-3) in order to study the influence of stocking density on the growth, survival rate and feed conversion rates. The body and muscle parameters were studied at 0, 43 and 84 days of the experiment. After 43 days, the highest body parameters values (body length and weight) were found in specimens reared at 9 kg m-3, followed by the specimens reared at 4 kg m-3, showing the specimens reared at 15 kg m-3 the lowest growth. These results showed a negative effect of high density on the growth, being the intermediate density (9 kg m-3) the most favorable density for the growth at this stage. Muscle cellularity was different among the groups, being the hypertrophy values higher at high density of rearing (15 kg m-3) than at 4 and 9 kg m-3. In contrast, the hyperplasia was higher at 4 kg m-3 than in the rest of densities. The group reared at 9 kg m-3 showed intermediate values of hypertrophy and hyperplasia. At 84 days of the experiment, the muscle cellularity was similar at 4 and 9 kg m-3, this indicating a compensatory hypertrophic growth at 4 kg m- 3. The highest values of body weight were reached at 9 kg m-3. Moreover, the feed conversion rates and the percentage of survival rate were better at 9 than at 4 kg m-3
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    Long-term effects of a short juvenile feeding period with diets enriched with the microalgae nannochloropsis gaditana on the subsequent body and muscle growth of gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata L.
    (MDPI, 2023-01-30) Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; Balsalobre, Noemí; Chaves-Pozo, Elena; Sáez, María Isabel; Galafat, Alba; Alarcón, Francisco Javier; Martínez, Tomás Francisco; Arizcun, Marta; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada
    Currently, microalgae are used in fish diets, but their long-term growth effect is unknown. In this experiment, juvenile seabream specimens were fed with microalgae-enriched diets for three months, and then transferred to a microalgae-free diet for 10 months to assess long-term effects up to commercial size (≈ 27 cm and ≈ 300 g). The juvenile diets contained Nannochloropsis gaditana at 2.5 or 5% inclusion levels, either raw (R2.5 and R5 groups) or cellulose-hydrolyzed (H2.5 and H5 groups). The body length and weight were measured in 75 fish group-1 at commercial stage. The size, number, and fibrillar density of white muscle fibers and the white muscle transverse area were measured in nine fish group-1 at commercial stage. The results showed the highest body weight in H5 at commercial stage. The white muscle transverse area and the white fibres hyperplasia and density also showed the highest values in H5, followed by H2.5. In contrast, the highest hypertrophy was observed in C and R2.5, being associated with the lowest muscle growth in both groups. These results showed a microalgae concentration-dependent effect in hydrolyzed diets as well as an advantageous effect of the hydrolyzed versus raw diets on the long-term growth of Sparus aurata.
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    Long-term haematological analysis in pigs derived from assisted reproductive technologies
    (Brazilian College of Animal Reproduction, 2025) Mikita, Małgorzata; Romero-Aguirregomezcorta, Jon; Cánovas, Sebastián; Heras, Sonia; Ramis, Guillermo; Gadea, Joaquín; Coy, Pilar; Romar, Raquel; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada
    Rising livestock demand has increased use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Evidence indicates long-term effects of ART on molecular physiology and metabolism. This study explores ART’s impact on haematological parameters in a colony of pigs from 1 to 5 years of age. Animals were born after artificial insemination (AI) and transfer of embryos in vitro produced with (RF-IVP) or without (C-IVP) oviductal and uterine fluids during in vitro fertilization and embryo culture media (París-Oller et al., J Anim Sci and Biotechnol, 2021). Pigs were maintained under identical conditions and sampled every six months. Number of animals in each group decreased throughout life: 33 to 9 (AI); 22 to 10 (C-IVP); and 14 to 4 (RF-IVP). The number of blood samples was the same as the number of animals and were collected via jugular venipuncture in lithium heparin tubes and immediately transported to laboratory. A haematology analyzer (Siemens ADVIA® 120, USA) assessed red blood cell (RBC) count, haemoglobin concentration (HB), haematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), cell haemoglobin concentration mean (CHCM), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), haemoglobin concentration distribution width (HDW), white blood cell (WBC) count; and the differential count of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils. Reticulocyte percentage, mean corpuscular volume of reticulocytes (MCVr), haemoglobin content in reticulocytes (CHr) and platelet count were analyzed. Data were analyzed by mixed-effects model and likelihood-ratio test to determine effects of age, group and sex on the variables. Post-hoc test for multiple comparisons Tukey’s method were used. P<0.05 was considered significant. Age affected all variables. MCH, CH, CHCM, WBC, and platelet indices (MPV, MPC, MPM, PMDW) increased through life. Biphasic trajectories occurred in MCV, HTC, RBC, neutrophil counts, monocyte counts, PLT counts, and lymphocytes (secondyear decline followed by increase). Progressive decline with age was observed in monocyte percentage and reticulocyte parameters. Irregular oscillatory patterns dominated HB, RDW, MCHC, CHDW, HDW, eosinophil and basophil parameters, and advanced platelet indices (large PLT, PCT, PDW, MCVr, PCDW). HCT, RBC, and HB reached lowest values in AI group, highest in RF-IVP. HCM, MCHC, and lymphocyte percentage showed lowest means in AI, highest in C-IVP. RDW, WBC, neutrophil parameters, and lymphocyte count were lowest in C-IVP, highest in AI. Monocyte count exhibited lowest values in C-IVP, highest in RF-IVP group. CH and PCDW were higher in females than males, whereas HDW, PDW, MPC were higher in males. Long-term results confirm slight persisting haematological differences in naturally and artificially conceived pigs, although the clinical relevance is unnoticeable.
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    Pilot study of the influence of equine assisted therapy on physiological and behavioral parameters related to welfare of horses and patients.
    (MDPI, 2021-12-10) Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; Carrillo, Andrea; Iniesta, Pilar; Ferrer, Pedro; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada
    Different welfare indicators were studied in three patients with psychomotor alterations and in two horses throughout 9–10 equine assisted therapy sessions in each patient. In horses, heart and respiratory rates, blood pressure, temperature and behavioral signs were studied. In patients, heart rate, oxygen saturation, temperature, sleep quality, psychomotor and emotional parameters were analyzed. Data collection was recorded in the anticipatory phase (15 min before the start of the session), two interaction phases (after 30 min of horse-patient interaction on the ground and on horseback, respectively) and the recovery phase (15 min after the end of the session). During the anticipatory phase, most of physiological parameters of patients and horses and the stress behavioral signs of horses increased, followed by a relaxing phase during the horse-patient interaction on the ground. In horse-patient riding phase the heart and respiratory rates of the horses again increased. These results showed that the horses did not seem to suffer stress attributable to the therapy sessions, but only an increase in their parameters associated with activity and external stimuli. The patients improved their gross and fine motor skills, their cognitive and perceptual-sensitive parameters and it led to an improvement in the life quality of their families.
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    Reproductive fluids, used for the in vitro production of pig embryos, result in healthy offspring and avoid aberrant placental expression of PEG3 and LUM.
    (BMC, 2021-02-15) París-Oller, E.; Navarro-Serna, S.; Soriano-Ubeda, C.; Lopes, J.S.; Matás, C.; Ruiz, S.; Latorre, R.; López-Albors, O.; Cánovas, S.; Coy, P.; Romar, R.; Fisiología; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada
    Background: In vitro embryo production (IVP) and embryo transfer (ET) are two very common assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in human and cattle. However, in pig, the combination of either procedures, or even their use separately, is still considered suboptimal due to the low efficiency of IVP plus the difficulty of performing ET in the long and contorted uterus of the sow. In addition, the potential impact of these two ART on the health of the offspring is unknown. We investigated here if the use of a modified IVP system, with natural reproductive fluids (RF) as supplements to the culture media, combined with a minimally invasive surgery to perform ET, affects the output of the own IVP system as well as the reproductive performance of the mother and placental molecular traits. Results: The blastocyst rates obtained by both in vitro systems, conventional (C-IVP) and modified (RF-IVP), were similar. Pregnancy and farrowing rates were also similar. However, when compared to in vivo control (artificial insemination, AI), litter sizes of both IVP groups were lower, while placental efficiency was higher in AI than in RF-IVP. Gene expression studies revealed aberrant expression levels for PEG3 and LUM in placental tissue for C-IVP group when compared to AI, but not for RF-IVP group. Conclusions: The use of reproductive fluids as additives for the culture media in pig IVP does not improve reproductive performance of recipient mothers but could mitigate the impact of artificial procedures in the offspring. Keywords: Assisted reproductive technologies, Embryo transfer, In vitro embryo production, Placenta, Reproductive fluids
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    Study of the impact of fighting cattle farms in the Spanish dehesa
    (Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), 2024-01-19) Sanes, José Manuel; Seva Alcaraz, Juan; Gamón, María Jesús; Torrego, Inmaculada; Abellán, Eliana; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada
    The objective was to determine the incidence of fighting cattle farms in the Spanish dehesa, defining those that are in this territory, and quantifying the hectares they occupy and some productive aspects in order to verify the importance of the breeding of the fighting bull in the maintenance and conservation of its biodiversity. To this end, different documentary sources of livestock associations and the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food were consulted; and 304 surveys were carried out among fighting bull farmers in the Spanish provinces with dehesa. The area of the dehesa is 3’515,846 ha distributed in the Autonomous Communities of Andalusia, Extremadura, Castile and Leon, Castilla-La Mancha and Madrid, where there are 726 registered fighting cattle farms, although only 631 of them are active in the Stud Book of the Fighting Bovine Breed (2022), with a downward trend in recent years, and with an average census of 144 dams and 9 bulls, a low stocking rate. The estimated number of farms in the dehesa engaged exclusively in fighting bull farming is 581, with an average area of 534 ha and occupying 315,301 ha, representing 8.97%of the total Spanish dehesa, although it would amount to 347,744 ha (9.89%) considering the entire farm with the presence of other complementary activities. These farms are located in 358 municipalities, in which 72.61%of the census is less than 5,000 inhabitants, which could help to fix the rural population.
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    The NLRP3 inflammasome is released as a particulate danger signal that amplifies the inflammatory response
    (Nature Research, 2014-08) Baroja Mazo, Alberto; Martín Sánchez, Fátima; Gómez, Ana I.; Martínez Cáceres, Carlos Manuel; Amores Iniesta, Joaquín; Compan, Vincent; Barberà Cremades, María; Yagüe, Jordi; Ruiz Ortiz, Estibaliz; Antón, Jordi; Buján, Segundo; Coullin, Isabelle; Brough, David; Arostegui, Juan I.; Pelegrín, Pablo; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada
    Assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome activates caspase-1 and mediates the processing and release of the leaderless cytokine IL-1β and thereby serves a central role in the inflammatory response and in diverse human diseases. Here we found that upon activation of caspase-1, oligomeric NLRP3 inflammasome particles were released from macrophages. Recombinant oligomeric protein particles composed of the adaptor ASC or the p.D303N mutant form of NLRP3 associated with cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS) stimulated further activation of caspase-1 extracellularly, as well as intracellularly after phagocytosis by surrounding macrophages. We found oligomeric ASC particles in the serum of patients with active CAPS but not in that of patients with other inherited autoinflammatory diseases. Our findings support a model whereby the NLRP3 inflammasome, acting as an extracellular oligomeric complex, amplifies the inflammatory response.