Publication: Proangiogenic hematopoietic cells of monocytic origin: roles in vascular regeneration and
pathogenic processes of systemic sclerosis
Authors
Yamaguchi, Yukie ; Kuwana, Masataka
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Publisher
F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia: Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
New blood vessel formation is critical, not
only for organ development and tissue regeneration, but
also for various pathologic processes, such as tumor
development and vasculopathy. The maintenance of the
postnatal vascular system requires constant remodeling,
which occurs through angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, and
arteriogenesis. Vasculogenesis is mediated by the de
novo differentiation of mature endothelial cells from
endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Early studies
provided evidence that bone marrow-derived CD14+
monocytes can serve as a subset of EPCs because of
their expression of endothelial markers and ability to
promote neovascularization in vitro and in vivo.
However, the current consensus is that monocytic cells
do not give rise to endothelial cells in vivo, but function
as support cells, by promoting vascular formation and
repair through their immediate recruitment to the site of
vascular injury, secretion of proangiogenic factors, and
differentiation into mural cells. These monocytes that
function in a supporting role in vascular repair are now
termed monocytic pro-angiogenic hematopoietic cells
(PHCs). Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multisystem
connective tissue disease characterized by excessive
fibrosis and microvasculopathy, along with poor
vascular formation and repair. We recently showed that
in patients with SSc, circulating monocytic PHCs
increase dramatically and have enhanced angiogenic
potency. These effects may be induced in response to
defective vascular repair machinery. Since CD14+
monocytes can also differentiate into fibroblast-like cells
that produce extracellular matrix proteins, here we
propose a new hypothesis that aberrant monocytic PHCs,
once mobilized into circulation, may also contribute to
the fibrotic process of SSc.
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