Publication: Comparative pulmonary toxicity assessment
of pristine and functionalized Multi-Walled
Carbon Nanotubes intratracheally instilled
in rats: morphohistochemical evaluations
Authors
Roda, E. ; Coccini, T. ; Acerbi, D. ; Barni, Sergio ; Vaccarone, R. ; Manzo, L.
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Publisher
Murcia: F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
. Increasing interest in safety evaluation of
carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has risen in relation to their
wide applications, together with the evidence of their
cytotoxic effects.
It has been shown that chemical functionalization
extends the applications of CNTs, conferring them new
functions that cannot otherwise be acquired by pristine
CNTs, but also impacts on biological response to CNTs,
modifying their toxicological profile.
We assessed the onset of pulmonary toxic effects
caused by pristine MW-CNTs and functionalized MWNH2
or MW-COOH, 16 days after intratracheal
instillation (1 mg/kg b.w.); major endpoints tested
included (i) histopathology of lung (Haematoxylin/Eosin
Staining), (ii) apoptotic/proliferating features examined
by TUNEL and PCNA immunostaining, and (iii)
presence/distribution of (1) Transforming Growth
Factor-beta1 (TGFß1), (2) Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and (3)
Collagen (Type I) investigated by immunochemical
methods, as markers of lung toxicity, inflammation, and
fibrosis, respectively.
Lung histopathology from exposed animals showed
dark, particulate-laden macrophages, reflecting carbon
nanomaterial engulfing, both at alveolar and bronchiolar
levels, after treatment with all the tested CNTs.
Alteration of lung architecture was also observed in
several areas showing collapsed thick-walled alveoli and
the presence of micro-haemorrhagic foci. TUNEL and
PCNA, indicative of apoptosis and cell proliferation
respectively, showed a significant increase of
immunopositive cells at bronchiolar, alveolar and macrophagic levels, as expression of an improved
cellular turnover.
Increased immunoreactivity for pulmonary TGFß1
and IL-6 was observed in treated rats, particularly in
bronchiolar areas, collapsed alveoli and at stromal level,
while evident changes for collagen were not detected.
Taken together these findings demonstrated the
general pulmonary toxicity coupled with inflammatory
response after in vivo exposure to CNTs, without overt
signs of fibrosis and granuloma formation, irrespectively
of nanotube functionalization
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