Publication: Widespread cellular distribution of aldehyde oxidase in human tissues found by immunohistochemistry staining
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Date
2001
Authors
Moriwaki, Y. ; Yamamoto, T. ; Takahashi, S. ; Tsutsumi, Z. ; Hada, T.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Aldehyde oxidase (EC 1.2.3.1) is a
xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme that catalyzes a variety
of organic aldehydes and N-heterocyclic compounds.
However, its precise pathophysiological function in
humans, other than its xenobiotic metabolism, remains
unknown. In order to gain a better understanding of the
role of this enzyme, it is important to know its exact
localization in human tissues. In this study, we
investigated the distribution of aldehyde oxidase at the
cellular leve1 in a variety of human tissues by
immunohistochemistry. The enzyme was found to be
widespread in respiratory, digestive, urogenital, and
endocrine tissues, though we also observed a cellspecific
localization in the various tissues studied. In the
respiratory system, it was particularly abundant in
epithelial cells from the trachea and bronchium, as well
as alveolar cells. In the digestive system, aldehyde
oxidase was observed in surface epithelia of the small
and large intestines, in addition to hepatic cells.
Furthermore, the proximal, distal, and collecting tubules
of the kidney were immunostained with various
intensities, while glomerulus tissues were not. In
epididymus and prostate tissues, staining was observed
in the ductuli epididymidis and glandular epithelia.
Moreover, the adrenal gland, cortex, and notably the
zona reticularis, showed strong immunostaining. This
prevalent tissue distribution of aldehyde oxidase in
humans suggests some additional pathophysiological
functions besides xenobiotic metabolism. Accordingly,
some possible roles are discussed.
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