Publication: Significance of proneural basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors in neuroendocrine differentiation of fetal lung epithelial cells and lung carcinoma cells
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Date
2001
Authors
Ito, T. ; Udaka, N. ; Ikeda, M. ; Yazawa, T. ; Kageyama, R. ; Kitamura, H.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
In this brief review article, we describe how
cell fate determination by which the airway epithelial
cells become neuroendocrine or non-neuroendocrine is
regulated by a network of basic helix-loop-helix
transcription (bHLH) factors in a similar manner to
neurona1 differentiation, and how this system could work
to determine cell differentiation of human lung
carcinomas. Immunohistochemical studies reveal that
mammalina achaete-scute complex homologue (Mash)l
is expressed in pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNEC),
while hairy and Enhancer of split (Hes)l is expressed in
pulmonary non-neuroendocrine cells (non-PNEC).
Studies using gene-deficient mice for the bHLH factors
revealed that in Mashl homozygous null mice no PNEC
are detected, while PNEC increase markedly in Hesl
homozygous null mice. These obse~at ionss uggest that
Mashl is an essential positive factor for neuroendocrine
differentiation of lung epithelium, and that Hesl is one
of the repressive factors for neuroendocrine
differentiation. Moreover, immunohistochemical studies
revealed that Notch receptors are detected in non-PNEC,
and thus the Notch signalling pathway could play a role
in the determination of airway epithelial cell
differentiation.
In human lung carcinomas, a similar bHLH network
should operate to determine cell differentiation
phenotypes. Generally, expression of the human
homologue of Mashl (HASH1) is detected in small cell
carcinoma and carcinoids, while Hesl seems to be
expressed mainly in non-small cell carcinoma.
Thus, proneuronal bHLH factors may play roles in
cell fate determination of the airway epithelial system,
and may regulate human airway epithelial cells in
diseased conditions.
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