Publication: Prohormone and proneuropeptide synthesis and secretion
Authors
Perone, M.J. ; Castro, M.G.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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Description
Abstract
Hormones and neuropeptides in eukaryotic
cells, are synthesised as large precursor molecules in the
rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), from where they
are translocated to the Golgi apparatus. The sorting of
proteins destined for the regulated secretory pathway
from those which will be released constitutively takes
place in the trans-Golgi network (TGN). In both these
pathways, vesicles need to be transported to the plasma
membrane before their contents can be released by
exocytosis.
Hormones and neuropeptides need to be secreted
from the cells in which are synthesised to exert their
biological actions, although they can also play paracrine
and autocrine actions. Prohormones and proneuropeptides
must undergo post-translational modifications
which occur in determined subcellular compartments
within eukaryotic cells and are carried out in a strict
succession of intracellular events, which give rise to
biologically active products.
The biosynthesis of prohormones/proneuropeptides is
mediated by the action of endoproteolytic enzymes and
other post-translational modifying enzymes within the
secretory pathway. The major focus of this review will
be the biosynthetic pathway, sorting and intracellular
trafficking of prohormone and proneuropeptide
precursors within the secretory pathway of eukaryotic
cells.
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