Browsing by Subject "Turbot"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Immunolocalization of metallothioneins in different tissues of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) exposed to Cd
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 2007) Alvarado, N.E.; Cancio, I.; Hylland, K.; Marigómez, I.; Soto, M.
    Metallothioneins (MT) were localized by immunochemistry in different organs and cell compartments of turbot exposed to sublethal concentrations (100 ppb) of Cd for 7 days. The polyclonal rabbit anti-cod MT antibody (NIVA, Norway) applied herein exhibited positive cross-reactivity with turbot MTs. Immunoreactive MTs were localized in the branchial epithelium, in the liver and in the kidney of turbot. In Cd exposed fishes MTs were demonstrated mainly in branchial chloride cells (CC) and to a lesser extend in the area where progenitor cells are located and in the cells of the respiratory epithelium (secondary lamellae). A higher staining intensity for MTs was observed in CC of the interlamelar space of the main branchial epithelium in comparison with control CC. MT-staining was also observed in the chondroblasts of the cartilage and in the erythrocytes within blood vessels both in control and Cd-exposed specimens. MT immunoreaction was high in the liver hepatocytes and weak in the epithelium of the proximal portion of the kidney in exposed turbot. The tegument, spleen and muscle were devoid of any immunolabelling in both treatments. Ultrastructural studies at the transmission electron microscope revealed that Cd-induced MTs were mainly located in the cytoplasm of gill CC, the lysosomes and the cytoplasm of hepatocytes and in the basal labyrinth of kidney proximal nephrocytes. The differential localization/induction of MTs in different cell types described hereby suggests that the quantification of the specific expression of MT may be used in biomonitoring programs as a biomarker of Cd exposure in aquatic environments.
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    Influence of the myotome zone and of the sex on the muscle cellularity and on the fillet texture of diploid and triploid turbots Scophthalmus maximus L.
    (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, 2020-06-15) Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; Hernández Urcera, Jorge; Santaella, Marina; Martínez Graciá, María Carmen; López Albors, Octavio; Cal, Rosa; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada
    The muscle and textural parameters were analyzed in four myotome zones (epaxial upper, hipoaxial upper, epaxial bottom, and hipoaxial bottom) in seven diploids (D) and seven triploids (T) turbot specimens. Diploid specimens showed the highest values of the size and number of white fibers in the epaxial zones, being such values higher in female than male specimens. In triploid specimens, the highest fibers sizes were found in the upper zones (epaxial and hipoaxial), whereas the lowest number and density of fibers were found in the epaxial upper zone. In this latter group (T), the lowest fibers sizes were found in female specimens, whereas the rest of the parameters were usually higher in female than male specimens. When comparing both groups, the hypertrophy was higher in T than D in all zones. In both ploidy groups, the highest textural values were usually observed in the upper epaxial fillet, being slightly higher in female than male specimens. The values of standard length, total weight, gonad weight, gonadosomatic index and gutted weight were higher in female than male specimens in both groups (D and T).
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    Turbot TNFα gene: molecular characterization and biological activity of the recombinant protein
    (Elsevier, 2006-04-17) Ordas, M. C.; Costa, Maria del Mar; Roca Soler, Francisco José; Lopez-Castejón, Gloria; Mulero Méndez, Victoriano Francisco; Meseguer Peñalver, J.; Figueras, Antonio; Novoa, Beatriz; Bioquímica y Biología Molecular B e Inmunología
    The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily is composed by several proteins with similar structure and functions. One of the main representatives of this family is TNF-alpha (TNFα), a proinflammatory cytokine which is produced by different immune cells and presents a wide variety of activities. Using the RACE technique, we have cloned and sequenced the turbot TNF cDNA. The analysis of its sequence showed several conserved motifs characteristic of members of the TNFα family. A phylogenetic tree constructed with different TNFs of fish and mammals grouped our sequence within the fish TNFα cluster. Therefore, the turbot TNF here studied was identified as TNFα. The complete TNFα gene was obtained by gene walking, and, similarly to the other known fish TNFα genes, presented three introns and four exons. A PCR was designed to study the turbot TNFα expression in vivo using as stimulus the bacteria Vibrio pelagius strain Hq222 and virus VHSV. The expression of the cytokine happened early after injection, and it was dependent on the pathogen injected and organ analyzed. Virus induced a higher TNFα expression, but this response was shorter in time than that induced by bacteria. In addition, TNFα expression was in general higher in kidney than in liver, as expected since the former is the haematopoietic organ of fish. The turbot recombinant TNFα (rTNFα) was obtained by IPTG induction of bacteria transformed with the pET15b-TNFα construct, and it was purified in native conditions. The recombinant protein was approximately 20 kDa in size, and its biological activity was assessed in vitro. No effect of the rTNFα neither alone nor in combination with LPS was observed on the chemiluminescence activity of turbot macrophages at any time tested. However, NO production was enhanced by the recombinant protein alone or with LPS 72 h after the addition of the treatments. Finally, turbot rTNFα was able to recruit and activate inflammatory cells when injected in gilthead seabream, although to a lesser extent than gilthead seabream rTNFα.