Browsing by Subject "Social isolation"

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    Effects of a Clinical Simulation-Based Training Program forNursing Students to Address Social Isolation and Loneliness inthe Elderly: A Quasi-Experimental Study
    (MDPI, 2023-09-19) Hernández López, María Jesús; Ruzafa Martínez, María; Leal Costa, César; Ramos Morcillo, Antonio Jesús; Díaz García, Isidora; López Pérez, María Verónica; Hernández Méndez, Solanger; García González, Jessica; Enfermería
    Introduction: The population of older adults is rapidly increasing worldwide, presentingboth prospects and complexities for society and healthcare professionals to maximize the functionalcapacity of this age group. Social isolation and loneliness significantly affect this population. Theobjective was to determine the effectiveness, satisfaction, and perceptions of the simulation-basededucation practices of a training program for nursing students, which was created to palliate thesocial isolation and loneliness of older adults. Method: A quasi-experimental study was conductedwith nursing students who participated in an online training program using teleservice based on high-fidelity clinical simulation. The program included asynchronous theoretical training and synchronouspractical training using an online platform. Five scenarios were designed using simulated phonecalls to address the social isolation and loneliness of older adults. Results: Twenty-five nursingstudents participated in the program, and they had a mean age of 27.44, with 76% of them beingwomen. After the training program, the participants showed statistically significant improvements(p< 0.05) with respect to their knowledge and attitudes towards older adults, and the programwas adapted to the best educational practices in simulations. Conclusions: Simulation-based onlinetraining efficiently improved the knowledge and attitudes of nursing students towards older adults,improving their ability to address social isolation and loneliness. The high satisfaction and adhesion tothe best educational practices underline the usefulness of high-fidelity online simulations, especiallyin situations in which face-to-face training is not feasible, and accessibility and equilibrium could beguaranteed between work and personal life.
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    Effects of long-term individual housing of middle-aged female Octodon degus on spatial learning and memory in the Barnes maze task
    (Frontiers Media, 2023-08-03) Popovic, Natalija; Baño Otalora, Beatriz; Rol de Lama, María de los Ángeles; Venero, César; Madrid, Juan Antonio; Popovic, Miroljub; Fisiología
    Introduction: Prolonged social isolation is a form of passive chronic stress that has consequences on human and animal behavior. The present study was undertaken to elucidate whether the long-term isolation would precipitate age-related changes in anxiety and spatial learning and memory in degus. Methods: We investigated the effects of long-term social isolation on anxiety levels in the light-dark test, and spatial orientation abilities in the Barnes maze. Middle-aged female Octodon degus were allocated to either group-housed (3 animals per cage) or individually-housed for 5 months. Results: Under this experimental condition, there were no significant group differences in the anxiety level tested in the light-dark test and in the motivation to escape from the Barnes maze. There were no significant differences in cortisol levels between individually- and group-housed animals. On the last acquisition training day of spatial learning, individually- housed animals had a significantly higher number of correct responses and a smaller number of reference and working memory errors than the group-housed animals. In addition, isolated animals showed a tendency for reference and working memory impairment on the retention trial, while group-housed degus showed improvement in these parameters. Discussion and conclusion: The present study indicates that prolonged social isolation during adulthood in female degus has a dual effect on spatial orientation. Specifically, it results in a significant improvement in acquisition skills but a slight impairment in memory retention. The obtained cognitive changes were not accompanied by modification in anxiety and cortisol levels
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    Percepción del autoconcepto físico en estudiantes universitarios en tiempos de confinamiento por COVID-19
    (Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2021) Cardozo, Luis Alberto; Cadena Duarte, Laura Lorena
    El confinamiento por la COVID-19 ha ocasionado diversos cambios sociales, pero se desconoce su impacto en el autoconcepto físico. El presente trabajo tuvo por objetivo analizar la percepción del autoconcepto físico en estudiantes universitarios en tiempos de confinamiento por COVID-19. Se aplicó el cuestionario de autoconcepto físico Physical Self Questionnaire a estudiantes universitarios. Para la selección de la muestra se utilizó el procedimiento de muestreo aleatorio estratificado con un nivel de confianza al 99% y un margen de error al 5%, para un total de 499 universitarios de Bogotá, Colombia. El instrumento obtuvo valores aceptables de alfa de Cronbach a nivel general (.943) y por dimensiones. En la percepción del autoconcepto físico a nivel general y por dimensiones los hombres obtuvieron mejores puntuaciones que las mujeres. A su vez, los estudiantes de estratos socioeconómicos más altos presentan menores puntuaciones que los de estratos más bajos. Respecto a la edad, aquellos universitarios de mayor edad presentan menores puntuaciones en autoestima, fuerza muscular, condición física y competencia percibida. Es importante dentro de las universidades la implementación de programas de intervención dirigidas a la promoción de la salud mental relacionadas con el autoconcepto físico, la imagen corporal, la autoestima, además de otros aspectos de la salud mental y física que pueden estar siendo afectados por el confinamiento COVID-19.