Browsing by Subject "Rainbow trout"

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    Dietary fatty acids affect mitochondrial phospholipid compositions and mitochondrial gene expression of rainbow trout liver at different ages
    (Springer, 2014-11-15) Almaida Pagán, Pedro Francisco; De Santis, C; Rubio-Mejia, O L; Tocher, D R; Fisiología
    Mitochondria are among the first responders to various stressors that challenge the homeostasis of cells and organisms. Mitochondrial decay is generally associated with impairment in the organelle bioenergetics function and increased oxidative stress, and it appears that deterioration of mitochondrial inner membrane phospholipids (PL), particularly cardiolipin (CL), and accumulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations are among the main mechanisms involved in this process. In the present study, liver mitochondrial membrane PL compositions, lipid peroxidation, and mtDNA gene expression were analyzed in rainbow trout fed three diets with the same base formulation but with lipid supplied either by fish oil (FO), rapeseed oil (RO), or high DHA oil (DHA) during 6 weeks. Specifically, two feeding trials were performed using fish from the same population of two ages (1 and 3 years), and PL class compositions of liver mitochondria, fatty acid composition of individual PL classes, TBARS content, and mtDNA expression were determined. Dietary fatty acid composition strongly affected mitochondrial membrane composition from trout liver but observed changes did not fully reflect the diet, particularly when it contained high DHA. The changes were PL specific, CL being particularly resistant to changes in DHA. Some significant differences observed in expression of mtDNA with diet may suggest long-term dietary effects in mitochondrial gene expression which could affect electron transport chain function. All the changes were influenced by fish age, which could be related to the different growth rates observed between 1- and 3-year-old trout but that could also indicate age-related changes in the ability to maintain structural homeostasis of mitochondrial membranes.
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    Hepatic alterations and induction of micronuclei in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss exposed to a textile industry effluent
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 1998) Marlasca, M.J.; Sanpera, C.; Riva, M.C.; Sala, R.; Crespo, S.
    Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, were exposed to a sublethal dose of a wool shrinkproofing effluent for 15, 30, 45 and 60 days. Liver and blood samples were taken after the exposure time together with samples of control handled fish. A light and electron microscope study was carried out to evaluate the histopathological lesions induced in the liver of treated fish. The genotoxic potential of the effluent was assessed by piscine micronucleus test. Vacuolation of liver bile preductular cells was observed in all exposed fish; abnormal lipid accumulation and basophilic foci were seen in the liver of one 30-days- and one 45-days-exposed fish, respectively. These specific alterations could be related to a pre-carcinogenic process. On the contrary, other lesions also described in all treated fish such as dilatation, vesiculation and degranulation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, altered mitochondria, increase in myelin bodies and lysosomes and presence of phagosomes in wandering macrophages might be considered as non-specific alterations, similar to those described in fish exposed to different pollutants. Frequencies of micronucleated peripheral erythrocytes showed a significant increase following 30-days exposure.
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    In vitro antigen trapping by gil1 cells of the rainbow trout: an immunohistochemical study
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 1993) Torroba, M.; Anderson, D.P.; Dixon, O.W.; Casares, F.; Varas, A.; Alonso, L.M.
    An in vitro assay was used to study the involvement of gill cells in the trapping and processing of particulate antigens. Gills were routinely processed for light microscopy after being placed in medium containing either Yersinia ruckeri O-antigen-labelled fluorescent beads, unlabelled fluorescent beads, Y. ruckeri O-antigen or formalin-killed Y. ruckeri, for 0, 30 S, 1, 5 and 30 min. Y. ruckeri formalin-killed cells, Y. ruckeri O-antigen and fluorescent beads labelled with Y. ruckeri O-antigen were taken in by gill epithelial cells as soon as 30 S after administration. In contrast, unlabelled fluorescent beads adhered to the epithelial cell membranes, but did not occur inside the gill cells. These results are discussed principally in relationship with the specificity of antigen trapping.