Browsing by Subject "Physiology"
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- PublicationOpen AccessAmbulatory circadian monitoring in sleep disordered breathing patients and CPAP treatment(Nature Research, 2021-07-19) Martínez Nicolás, Antonio; Guaita, Marc; Santamaría, Joan; Montserrat, Josep M.; Madrid, Juan Antonio; Rol de Lama, María de los Ángles; FisiologíaOur aim was to evaluate the circadian rhythm of motor activity, body position and integrated variable TAP (composed by wrist Temperature, motor Activity and body Position) in Sleep Disordered Breathing (SDB), its relation to SDB severity and the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on these circadian rhythms. To do this, we monitored motor activity and body position rhythms of 78 SDB patients (53.3 ± 1.2 years old, 26.9% women) and 32 healthy subjects (51.4 ± 3.2 years old, 43.8% women) for 1 week. On the last day of that week, SDB patients underwent a polysomnography followed by a Maintenance of Wakefulness Test, Multiple Sleep Latency Test and Sustained Attention to Response Task protocol. A subgroup of 18 moderate to severe SDB patients was treated with CPAP and monitored again after 3 months under treatment. A non-parametrical analysis was performed to characterize the circadian patterns to assess differences between groups and associations between sleep and circadian parameters. Circadian variables were altered in SDB, exhibiting a direct relationship to SDB severity. The motor activity pattern showed a clear improvement with CPAP treatment. Thus, circadian ambulatory monitoring, including the integrated variable TAP, could be used to evaluate the circadian alterations caused by SDB and activity pattern to monitor the effect of CPAP treatment.
- PublicationOpen AccessAnálisis de las estrategias de evaluación de los aprendizajes de las materias de Fisiología Humana y Aplicada de las Carreras de Educación Física(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, ) Gárgano, SofíaAnte las nuevas demandas del campo educativo en torno a la enseñanza y el aprendizaje, este estudio tiene por objetivo comprender la valoración de los docentes y los estudiantes sobre las estrategias de evaluación de los aprendizajes utilizadas en las materias vinculadas a la salud de las Carreras de Educación Física de la FaHCE-UNLP, éstas son Fisiología Humana y Fisiología Aplicada. La metodología es mixta, diseño de triangulación concurrente. Para la recolección de datos se utilizaron entrevistas y cuestionarios. Los resultados fueron analizados mediante los programas SPSS y Atlas.ti. La experiencia de estudiantes y docentes indica que la evaluación debería ser formativa, orientada hacia el aprendizaje y, por tanto, continua, formando parte de todo el proceso de aprendizaje y valorándose diferentes tipos de aprendizajes y competencias, útiles para la futura práctica profesional y para la vida personal.
- PublicationOpen AccessAnsiedade, traços de personalidade e carga iterna objetiva em praticantes de paraquedismo: Revisão sistemática(2021) Machado, Tiago; Serrano, João; Mesquita, H.; Ibañez, SergioEsta revisão sistemática teve o objetivo de sumariar a literatura publicada anteriormente acerca da modalidade de paraquedismo, centrados nas áreas da Psicologia, Fisiologia e Psicofisiologia. As plataformas e bases de dados eletrónicas utilizadas para a pesquisa bibliográfica foram: Web of Science, MEDline e Scopus. Foram selecionados 21 artigos, após passarem pelos critérios de seleção. Tendo em conta a área de estudo, encontramos três artigos no âmbito da Fisiologia, oito artigos no âmbito da Psicologia e 10 artigos no âmbito da Psicofisiologia. Os instrumentos utilizados na recolha de dados relacionados com a medição da frequência cardíaca (FC) foram sobretudo os monitores de FC Polare ECG Holter. Nos estudos de ansiedade o instrumento mais usado foi STAI -State Trait-Anxiety Inventory, complementado com recolha de amostras salivares através do teste de cortisol. Para estudar os traços de personalidade foram utilizados: SSS-Sensation Seeking Scale –V, NEO PI-R, EPQ-R -Questionário de Personalidade de Eysenck revistoe TAS 20 -Escala de Alexitimia de Toronto. Na generalidade amostras até 25 sujeitos com experiência na modalidade e do sexo masculino foram predominantemente utilizados. Apesar da utilização preponderante de alguns instrumentos, os procedimentos utilizados foram bastante diversificados não existindo umametodologia unanime e consensual.
- PublicationOpen AccessApplying the new teaching methodologies in youth football players: toward a healthier sport(Frontiers Media, 2019-02-13) García-Angulo, Antonio; García Angulo, Francisco Javier; Torres-Luque, Gema; Ortega-Toro, Enrique; Actividad Física y DeporteAt early ages (6–12 years), the levels of physical activity developed in sports initiation and Physical Education often fall short of optimal levels. Ecological models of education seek, among other things, to make up for this deficit by modifying the structural elements of sport, bringing play closer to the child’s developmental characteristics. In this sense, Nonlinear Pedagogy is a model of active pedagogy that seeks the integral development of young players through a sport more in line with their abilities, and that for this is based on a system of constraints on the environment, the task and the player himself. However, there are no studies that analyze the effects of these methodologies on the parameters of physical activity at such an early age. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of a learning methodology based on Nonlinear Pedagogy on health-related levels of physical activity (heart rate) in young football players (U-11). A quasi-experimental study was developed in which three tasks were applied using structural modifications of the football elements related to Nonlinear Pedagogy (modification of the number of players related to situations of inferiority, equality and numerical superiority; dimensions of the field of play). The sample studied was composed of football players, U-11 n = 32), age: 10.35 0.54 years; years of experience: 2.14 0.768 years. The players carried out each task for 10 min. Physical activity levels were measured by controlling heart rate using heart rate monitors (Polar Team2). The results showed very high levels of vigorous and very vigorous physical activity in all the tasks designed. These data show that the use of these new teaching methodologies has an impact on levels of physical activity in accordance with the recommended parameters.
- PublicationOpen AccessAspectos biológicos del organismo infantil de los 6 a los 12 años. Repercusiones sobre la actividad física(Universidad de Zaragoza, Asociación Universitaria de Formación del Profesorado (AUFOP), 1992) Balague, NataliaExisten diferencias entre la respuesta fisiológica al esfuerzo de la población infantil respecto a la población adulta que es necesario recoger en las programaciones de los docentes. El artículo revisa cuales son las diferencias más destacables y sugiere pautas de intervención basadas en los conocimientos actuales sobre el tema.
- PublicationOpen AccessEditorial: Physiological education: preparing for the future(Frontiers Media, 2024-02-15) Garcia Estañ Lopez, Joaquín María; Oliveira, J. M. A.; Rodrígues, L. M.; Fisiología
- PublicationOpen AccessEffect of 60 days of head down tilt bed rest on amplitude and phase of rhythms in physiology and sleep in men(Nature Research, 2024-03-29) Bonmatí-Carrión, María Ángeles; Santhi, Nayantara; Atzori, Giuseppe; Mendis, Jeewaka; Kaduk, Sylwia; Dijk, Derk-Jan; Archer, Simon N.; Anatomía Humana y PsicobiologíaTwenty-four-hour rhythms in physiology and behaviour are shaped by circadian clocks, environmental rhythms, and feedback of behavioural rhythms onto physiology. In space, 24 h signals such as those associated with the light-dark cycle and changes in posture, are weaker, potentially reducing the robustness of rhythms. Head down tilt (HDT) bed rest is commonly used to simulate effects of microgravity but how HDT affects rhythms in physiology has not been extensively investigated. Here we report effects of −6° HDT during a 90-day protocol on 24 h rhythmicity in 20 men. During HDT, amplitude of light, motor activity, and wrist-temperature rhythms were reduced, evening melatonin was elevated, while cortisol was not affected during HDT, but was higher in the morning during recovery when compared to last session of HDT. During recovery from HDT, time in Slow-Wave Sleep increased. EEG activity in alpha and beta frequencies increased during NREM and REM sleep. These results highlight the profound effects of head-down-tilt-bed-rest on 24 h rhythmicity.
- PublicationOpen AccessExperiencias de Docencia Virtual en Facultades de Medicina Españolas durante la pandemia COVID-19 (I): Anatomía, Fisiología, Fisiopatología, Oncología(Centro de Estudios en Educación Médica de la Universidad de Murcia (CeuEM) y Editum (Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia), 2020) Pericacho, M.; Rosado, JA.; Pons de Villanueva, J.; Arbea, L.Presentamos un resumen de las actividades que algunos profesores deFacultades de Medicina españolas han llevado a cabo durante las 3 semanas previasa las vacaciones de primavera. Durante este tiempo, debido a la pandemia provocadapor la COVID-19, la docencia presencial tuvo que ser sustituída por actividades enlínea o virtuales, a causa de la implantación del estado de alarma en España quemotivó el cierre completo de las Universidades desde el 13 de marzo de 2020. Lasexperiencias son de Anatomía, Fisiología, Fisiopatología y Oncología.
- PublicationOpen AccessNietzsche, ¿un organicista? Sobre la crítica de Nietzsche a la teoría social de Herbert Spencer(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Muriel Martín, VictorEste artículo analiza la recepción de Nietzsche de la teoría social de Spencer a partir de dos fragmentos póstumos de 1881. El objetivo será, a través de una investigación de fuentes y siguiendo las anotaciones en los libros conserva-dos en su biblioteca personal, mostrar el modo característico de Nietzsche de experimentar con las tesis de sus contemporáneos. Estas tentativas lo conducirán a una instrumentalización estratégica de las ideas de Spencer para postular, apoyándose en la fisiología y la teoría del derecho de Post, modelos originales de individualidad que se encuentran en las antípodas del organicismo.
- PublicationOpen AccessPanoramic ultrasound requires a trained operator and specific evaluation sites to maximize its sensitivity: a comprehensive analysis of the measurement errors(Elsevier, 2022-02-08) Hernández Belmonte, Alejandro; Martínez Cava, Alejandro; García Pallarés, Jesús; Actividad Física y DeporteThis study aimed to examine the validity and repeatability of panoramic ultrasound to evaluate the anatomical cross-sectional area (ACSA) of quadriceps femoris muscles. Specifically, we aimed to quantify the errors generated during the image acquisition and analysis (repeatability), as well as when comparing with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (validity). Moreover, we analyzed the influence of the operator's experience and the region of the thigh, on these errors. Both thighs of 16 subjects were included. The validity and repeatability study quantified the errors made by two operators (trained and novice) when measuring ACSA of vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis-intermedius (VMVI), and rectus femoris (RF), in six thigh regions (from 20 to 70%). Two ACSA images were acquired 5 min apart to examine acquisition errors, whereas acquisition #1 was analyzed twice to quantify analysis errors. Thereafter, ACSA of acquisition #1 was compared with that measured by MRI. Statistics included the standard error of measurement (SEM) expressed in absolute (cm2) and relative terms (%) as a coefficient of variation (CV). Measurement errors were lower for the trained operator than for the novice: Acquisition (SEM = 0.05 – 0.78 vs. 0.25 – 1.42 cm2), analysis (SEM = 0.13 – 1.93 vs. 0.30 – 3.05 cm2) and compared-with-MRI (SEM = 0.13 – 1.93 vs. 0.30 – 3.05 cm2). Regions with the lowest errors were those located at the middle of the thigh (40–50%), although slight between-muscle differences were found: VMVI (30–40%), VL (40–50%), RF (50–60%). These findings suggest that the accurate implementation of panoramic ultrasound to measure ACSA of quadriceps femoris muscles requires a trained operator and specific evaluation sites.
- PublicationEmbargoPectoralis cross-sectional area can be accurately measured using panoramic ultrasound: a validity and repeatability study(2021-11-30) Hernández Belmonte, Alejandro; Martínez Cava, Alejandro; García Pallarés, Jesús; Actividad Física y DeporteThe objective of the current study was to examine the validity and repeatability of panoramic ultrasound in evaluating the anatomical cross-sectional area (ACSA) of the pectoralis major. Specifically, we aimed to quantify the measurement errors generated during the image acquisition and analysis (repeatability), as well as when comparing with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (validity). Moreover, we aimed to analyze the influence of the operator’s experience on these measurement errors. Both sides of the chest of 16 participants (n = 32) were included. Errors made by two operators (trained and novice) when measuring pectoralis major ACSA (50% of sternum areola mammae distance) were examined. Acquisition errors included the comparison of two images acquired 5 min apart. Acquisition 1 was analyzed twice to quantify analysis errors. Thereafter, acquisition 1 was compared with MRI. Statistics include the standard error of measurement (SEM), expressed in absolute (cm2) and relative (%) terms as a coefficient of variation (CV), and the calculation of systematic bias. Errors made by the trained operator were lower than those made by the novice, especially during the image acquisition (SEM = 0.25 vs. 0.66 cm2, CV = 1.06 vs. 2.98%) and when compared with MRI (SEM = 0.27 vs. 1.90 cm2, CV = 1.13 vs. 8.16%). Furthermore, although both operators underestimated the ACSA, magnitude and variability [SD] of these errors were lower for the trained operator (bias = 0.19 [0.34] cm2) than for the novice (bias = 1.97 [2.59] cm2). Panoramic ultrasound is a valid and repeatable technique for measuring pectoralis major ACSA, especially when implemented by a trained operator.
- PublicationOpen AccessRelationship between power and isometric strength with the repeat sprint ability in male professional soccer players(2024) Vidal Maturana, Francisco; Gajardo Cid, Noé; Merino Muñoz, Pablo; Hermosilla Palma, Felipe; Valdés Badilla, Pablo; Herrera Valenzuela, TomásThe aim of this study was to relate variables of countermovement jump (CMJ) and isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) with the performance of the repeat sprint ability (RSA) in professional soccer players, as well as to determine the differences in CMJ and IMTP results according to the RSA performance. 54 professional soccer players were evaluated (mean age= 23.1 ± 5.1 years) in which the correlations were analysed through Pearson´s coefficient. Subsequently, the group was divided into above (SM; N=27) and below (BM; N= 27) the median according to RSA performance in three variables and the student´s t-test for independent samples was used. Significant (p ≤ 0.05) low to moderate correlations (r= -0.27; -0.30; -0.31; 0.46 y 0.42) were obtained in IMTP and CMJ variables with the RSA. Significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) from moderate to large in favour of SM were found in variables of power, contact time and peak relative force and significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) from moderate to large in peak force and dynamic streng
- PublicationOpen AccessTres semanas de docencia virtual en la Universidad de Murcia (II): Fisioterapia, Odontología, Cirugía y Fisiología(Centro de Estudios en Educación Médica de la Universidad de Murcia (CeuEM) y Editum (Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia), 2020) Gómez Conesa, Antonia; Ortiz Ruiz, Antonio José; Cascales Campos, Pedro Antonio; García-Estañ López, JoaquínPresentamos un resumen de las actividades que algunos de los profesores de la Facultad de Medicina de Murcia han llevado a cabo durante las 3 semanas previas a las vacaciones de primavera. En éstas, la docencia presencial tuvo que ser sustituída por actividades en línea o virtuales, a causa de la implantación del estado de alarma en España, que motivó el cierre completo de las Universidades desde el 13 de marzo de 2020. Las experiencias son de Fisioterapia, Odontología Pediátrica,Fundamentos de Cirugía y Fisiología.