Browsing by Subject "Muscle cellularity"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    Effect of 17α-ethynilestradiol and GPER1 activation on body and muscle growth, muscle composition and growth-related gene expression of gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata L.
    (MDPI, 2021-12-04) Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; Gómez, Victoria; Cabas, Isabel; García Hernández, María del Pilar; Chaves-Pozo, Elena; Arizcun, Marta; García de la Serrana, Daniel; Gil, Francisco; García-Ayala, Alfonsa; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada
    Endocrine-disrupting chemicals include natural and synthetic estrogens, such as 17α-ethynilestradiol (EE2), which can affect reproduction, growth and immunity. Estrogen signalling is mediated by nuclear or membrane estrogen receptors, such as the new G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1). The present work studies the effect of EE2 and G1 (an agonist of GPER1) on body and muscle parameters and growth-related genes of 54 two-year-old seabreams. The fish were fed a diet containing EE2 (EE2 group) and G1 (G1 group) for 45 days and then a diet without EE2 or G1 for 122 days. An untreated control group was also studied. At 45 days, the shortest body length was observed in the G1 group, while 79 and 122 days after the cessation of treatments, the shortest body growth was observed in the EE2 group. Hypertrophy of white fibers was higher in the EE2 and G1 groups than it was in the control group, whereas the opposite was the case with respect to hyperplasia. Textural hardness showed a negative correlation with the size of white fibers. At the end of the experiment, all fish analyzed in the EE2 group showed a predominance of the gonadal ovarian area. In addition, the highest expression of the mafbx gene (upregulated in catabolic signals) and mstn2 (myogenesis negative regulator) was found in EE2-exposed fish.
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    Effect on muscle cellularity ofdDiet supplementation with nannochloropsis gaditana microalgae in the final fattening phase of gilthead seabream culture up to commercial size
    (MDPI, 2023-10-24) Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; Chaves-Pozo, Elena; Sáez, María Isabel; Galafat, Alba; Alarcón, Francisco Javier; Martínez, Tomás Francisco; Arizcun, Marta; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada
    Previous studies have shown that Nannochloropsis gaditana can partially replace fishmeal in the diet of gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata. However, its effect on muscle growth is hardly known. This experiment was carried out with gilthead seabream adults that were fed with N. gaditana at two inclusion levels (2.5 or 5%) either raw (R2.5 and R5 groups) or cellulose-hydrolyzed (H2.5 and H5 groups) for 45 days in the final fattening phase. The body length and body weight were measured in all fish at the beginning and end of the experiment. Also, the white muscle transverse area (WM), size, number and fibrillar density of the white fibers were measured in 9 fish group􀀀1. After 45 days, the body parameters and the WM did not show significant differences among the groups. However, muscle cellularity did show significant differences, such that the hypertrophy values were higher in the H2.5 and H5 than in the R2.5 and R5 groups. On the contrary, R2.5 and R5 showed the highest fibrillar density and hyperplasia values, which are often positively correlated with the fillet firmness and therefore could improve the final quality of the fish. No significant differences attributable to the inclusion levels of N. gaditana were observed.
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    Influence of the myotome zone and of the sex on the muscle cellularity and on the fillet texture of diploid and triploid turbots Scophthalmus maximus L.
    (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, 2020-06-15) Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; Hernández Urcera, Jorge; Santaella, Marina; Martínez Graciá, María Carmen; López Albors, Octavio; Cal, Rosa; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada
    The muscle and textural parameters were analyzed in four myotome zones (epaxial upper, hipoaxial upper, epaxial bottom, and hipoaxial bottom) in seven diploids (D) and seven triploids (T) turbot specimens. Diploid specimens showed the highest values of the size and number of white fibers in the epaxial zones, being such values higher in female than male specimens. In triploid specimens, the highest fibers sizes were found in the upper zones (epaxial and hipoaxial), whereas the lowest number and density of fibers were found in the epaxial upper zone. In this latter group (T), the lowest fibers sizes were found in female specimens, whereas the rest of the parameters were usually higher in female than male specimens. When comparing both groups, the hypertrophy was higher in T than D in all zones. In both ploidy groups, the highest textural values were usually observed in the upper epaxial fillet, being slightly higher in female than male specimens. The values of standard length, total weight, gonad weight, gonadosomatic index and gutted weight were higher in female than male specimens in both groups (D and T).
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    Influence of the stocking density on the growth, feeding, survival rate and muscle cellularity of juvenile specimens of common name shi drum, Umbrina cirrosa L.
    (Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI), 2020-01-19) Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; Molera, Ángela; García Alcázar, Alicia; Arizcun, Marta; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada
    Common name Umbrina cirrosa specimens (mean weight 9.5 g, mean length 9 cm) were categorized in three densities (4, 9 and 15 kg m-3) in order to study the influence of stocking density on the growth, survival rate and feed conversion rates. The body and muscle parameters were studied at 0, 43 and 84 days of the experiment. After 43 days, the highest body parameters values (body length and weight) were found in specimens reared at 9 kg m-3, followed by the specimens reared at 4 kg m-3, showing the specimens reared at 15 kg m-3 the lowest growth. These results showed a negative effect of high density on the growth, being the intermediate density (9 kg m-3) the most favorable density for the growth at this stage. Muscle cellularity was different among the groups, being the hypertrophy values higher at high density of rearing (15 kg m-3) than at 4 and 9 kg m-3. In contrast, the hyperplasia was higher at 4 kg m-3 than in the rest of densities. The group reared at 9 kg m-3 showed intermediate values of hypertrophy and hyperplasia. At 84 days of the experiment, the muscle cellularity was similar at 4 and 9 kg m-3, this indicating a compensatory hypertrophic growth at 4 kg m- 3. The highest values of body weight were reached at 9 kg m-3. Moreover, the feed conversion rates and the percentage of survival rate were better at 9 than at 4 kg m-3
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    Influence ofl low dietary inclusion of the microalga Nannochloropsis gaditana (Lubián 1982) on performance, fish morphology, and muscle growth in juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)
    (MDPI, 2020-12-01) Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; Galián, Carolina; Fernández, Victoria; Chaves-Pozo, Elena; García de la Serrana, Daniel; Sáez, María Isabel; Galafaz Díaz, Alba; Alarcón, Francisco Javier; Martínez, Tomás Francisco; Arizcun, Marta; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada
    A 90-d feeding trial was conducted in which five groups of gilthead seabream (11.96 g initial body weight) were fed with a microalgae-free diet (control group, C) or four diets containing the microalgae Nannochloropsis gaditana at two inclusion levels (2.5% or 5%), either raw (R2.5 and R5 batches) or cellulose-hydrolyzed (H2.5 and H5 batches), to study their effect on the body and muscle growth. At 40 days, the highest values of body length and weight were reached in R5 group, but at 64 and 90 days, these were reached in R2.5. However, feed conversion rate, specific growth, daily intake, and survival (100%) were similar in all the groups. The acquisition of a discoid body shape was accelerated depending on the inclusion level of N. gaditana in the diets. Moreover, H5 diet affected the fish geometric morphology compared to R5 diet. The white muscle transverse area was similar in all groups at 40 days, with the exception of H2.5 group, which showed the lowest area. At day 90, C and R2.5 displayed the highest muscle growth, attributable to increased hyperplasia in C, and higher hypertrophy in R2.5. However, the highest proportion of small and medium fibers was observed in R5 and H5.
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    Long-term effects of a short juvenile feeding period with diets enriched with the microalgae nannochloropsis gaditana on the subsequent body and muscle growth of gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata L.
    (MDPI, 2023-01-30) Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; Balsalobre, Noemí; Chaves-Pozo, Elena; Sáez, María Isabel; Galafat, Alba; Alarcón, Francisco Javier; Martínez, Tomás Francisco; Arizcun, Marta; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada
    Currently, microalgae are used in fish diets, but their long-term growth effect is unknown. In this experiment, juvenile seabream specimens were fed with microalgae-enriched diets for three months, and then transferred to a microalgae-free diet for 10 months to assess long-term effects up to commercial size (≈ 27 cm and ≈ 300 g). The juvenile diets contained Nannochloropsis gaditana at 2.5 or 5% inclusion levels, either raw (R2.5 and R5 groups) or cellulose-hydrolyzed (H2.5 and H5 groups). The body length and weight were measured in 75 fish group-1 at commercial stage. The size, number, and fibrillar density of white muscle fibers and the white muscle transverse area were measured in nine fish group-1 at commercial stage. The results showed the highest body weight in H5 at commercial stage. The white muscle transverse area and the white fibres hyperplasia and density also showed the highest values in H5, followed by H2.5. In contrast, the highest hypertrophy was observed in C and R2.5, being associated with the lowest muscle growth in both groups. These results showed a microalgae concentration-dependent effect in hydrolyzed diets as well as an advantageous effect of the hydrolyzed versus raw diets on the long-term growth of Sparus aurata.