Browsing by Subject "Metabolomics"

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    High-resolution proteomics and metabolomics in thyroid cancer: Deciphering novel biomarkers
    (Taylor & Francis, 2017-10-30) Navas-Carrillo, Diana; Rodríguez, José Manuel; Montoro-García, Silvia; Orenes Piñero, Esteban; Bioquímica y Biología Molecular A
    Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine malignancy and its incidence has been increasing sharply since the mid-1990s, being the fastest-increasing cancers in both men and women. Increased medical surveillance, the effect of environmental factors and more sensitive diagnostic tests, such as ultrasound and confirmation via fine-needle aspiration biopsy, are thought to account for this increased incidence. There are several histological types of thyroid cancer, including papillary thyroid carcinoma, follicular thyroid carcinoma, medullary thyroid carcinoma, and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Determining the type of thyroid cancer is crucial for the assessment of prognosis and treatment selection. Unfortunately, approximately 20–30% of patients undergoing fine-needle aspiration biopsy have inconclusive or indeterminate results, leading to unnecessary surgical intervention in 80% of patients with benign nodules. To resolve this diagnosis dilemma, new biomarkers of thyroid cancer are needed. Proteomic approaches offer an unbiased platform for the comprehensive analysis of the whole proteome in a certain physiological time. Although mRNA expression is widely considered to be indicative of protein expression, protein levels are the result of protein synthesis and degradation, and RNA levels are not informative of protein degradation. Clinically, there is increasing evidence for the role of proteomic and metabolomic technologies in biomarker discovery, providing novel information on the molecular events associated with TC, and potentially lead to the identification of novel drug targets. In this review, we will thoroughly describe the importance of novel proteomic and metabolomic approaches to identify new biomarkers associated with TC.
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    Untargeted metabolomic profiling of serum in dogs with hypothyroidism
    (Elsevier, 2021-01-30) Muñoz-Prieto, Alberto; González-Aróstegui, Luis; Rubic, Ivana; Cerón, José Joaquín; Tvarijonavicite, Asta; Horvatic, Anita; Mrljak, Vladimir; Medicina y Cirugía Animal
    Hypothyroidism is one of the most commonly diagnosed endocrine disease in dogs. The clinical signs are caused by a deficiency of the active thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) and have a negative impact on dog’s quality of life. We hypothesized that serum metabolic profile varies between healthy dogs and dogs with hypothyroidism. Twenty serum samples from dogs with hypothyroidism and 20 from healthy dogs were used for untargeted metabolomics analysis performed by LC/MS analysis. Fifteen metabolites showed significant changes between hypothyroid and healthy dogs, being the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis and pyrimidine metabolism the principal pathways altered in hypothyroidism. Specifically, metabolites such as D-gluconic acid and L-Isoleucine may potentially act as biomarkers of disease.