Browsing by Subject "Kinematics"

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    Análisis de las variables cinemáticas en la técnica del pateo en el fútbol a partir de criterios de eficiencia biomecánicos
    (Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2021) Camacaro, Marelvy; Colina, Alberto; Zissu, Mihai
    La presente investigación se realizó con el objetivo de analizar las variables cinemáticas que se manifiestan en la técnica del pateo en el fútbol a partir de criterios de eficiencia biomecánicos. Fue una investigación de nivel descriptivo, con un diseño de campo, basado en un estudio de caso con una atleta de 15 años. Se utilizó el método videográfico tridimensional (3D) con los enfoques: cuantitativo (programa “Human v 5.0”) y cualitativo (escala Likert). Se cuantificaron las variables cinemáticas mediante pre y pos test. Se establecieron criterios de eficiencia para optimizar variables biomecánicas en las fases: Preparatoria y Pateo.Así, se orientó el entrenamiento de la adolescente en función de fortalezas y debilidades identificadas desde la perspectiva biomecánica, lo que permitió optimizar la técnica de los miembros inferiores, dominante y no dominante. Entre otros resultados, destacó el aumento de sincronización y consecuente mejoría del patrón temporal de movimiento lo que facilitó la coordinación de impulso parcial, y por ende la transferencia de energía del cuerpo hacia el balón, incidiendo positivamente en la velocidad resultante, trayectoria y precisión del balón con lo cual aumentó la frecuencia del gol, hecho que incidió en el rendimiento y perfil de la joven, destacándose en la posición lateral con un manejo eficiente del balón por ambos perfiles.
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    Impact of contextual factors on external load during a congested-fixture tournament in elite U'18 basketball players
    (Frontiers Media, 2019-05-15) Rojas-Valverde, Daniel; Gómez Carmona, Carlos David; Bastida Castillo, Alejandro; Hernández Belmonte, Alejandro; García Rubio, Javier; Yuzo Nakamura, Fábio; Ibáñez, Sergio José; Pino Ortega, José; Actividad Física y Deporte
    An understanding of basketball physical demands during official matches is fundamental for designing specific training, tactical, and strategic plans as well as recovery methods during congested fixture periods. Such assessments can be performed using wearable indoor time motion tracking systems. The purpose of this study was to analyze the time-motion profile of under 18-years of age (U’18) basketball players and compare their physical demands in relation to team ranking, playing position, match periods and consecutive matches during a 7-day tournament. Relative Distance (RD), percentage of High-Intensity Running (%HIR), Player Load (PL), Acceleration (Acc), Deceleration (Dec), Peak Speed (PSpeed), and Peak Acceleration (PAcc) were recorded from 94 players (13 centers, 47 forwards, and 34 guards) belonging to eight elite teams (age:17.6 ± 0.8 years; height: 1.91 ± 0.08 m; body mass: 82.5 ± 8.8 kg). WIMU PROTM inertial measurement units with ultra-wide band (UWB) indoor-tracking technology recorded 13 matches during the Adidas Next Generation Tournament Finals in the 2016–2017 season. Paired t-tests and one-way analyses of variance with omega partial squared (ωp2) and Cohen’s effect sizes (d) were used to analyze for differences between variables. According to team quality, the best teams had lower RD (p = 0.04; d = −0.14). Guards presented higher RD (p < 0.01; ω2p = 0.03), PSpeed (p < 0.01; ω 2p = 0.01) and PAcc (p < 0.01; ω2p = 0.02) compared to forwards and centers. The first quarter showed differences with higher RD (p < 0.01; ω 2p = 0.03), %HIR (p < 0.01; ω2p = 0.02), and PL(p < 0.01; ω2p = 0.04) compared to all other quarters. The third match of the tournament presented higher demands in RD (p < 0.01; ω2p = 0.03), HIR (p < 0.01; ω 2p = 0.01) and PL (p < 0.01; ω2p = 0.02) compared with the first two matches. This study showed that team quality, playing position, match period, and consecutive matches throughout an U’18 basketball tournament influenced the kinematic demands experienced by players during official competition. Therefore, each of these contextual factors should be considered in managing the load and developing individualized strategies for players in tournament settings.