Browsing by Subject "Infant pulmonary function"

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    Impact of early caffeine therapy in preterm newborns on infant lung function
    (Wiley, 2019-10-06) Sánchez-Solís de Querol, Manuel; García-Marcos, Patricia W.; Agüera‐Arenas, Juan; Mondéjar López, Pedro Enrique; García-Marcos Álvarez, Luis Vicente; Cirugía, Pediatría y Obstetricia y Ginecología; Facultade de Medicina
    Objective: To know the effect of caffeine therapy on infant lung function in preterm infants with a gestational age less than 31 weeks. Material and Methods: Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume at 0.5 seconds (FEV0.5), and forced expiratory flows were measured by raised volume rapid thoracoabdominal compression technique; functional residual capacity was measured by plethysmography (FRCpleth). Compliance of the respiratory system was measured by a single interruption technique (Crs). The Student t test was used to compare lung function measurements between the two groups: treated versus nontreated with caffeine. A multivariate analysis was carried out considering each and every lung function parameter (z‐score) as the dependent variable; and gender, gestational age, birth weight (z‐score), corrected age, invasive mechanical ventilation (yes/no), and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) diagnosis (yes/no) as independent ones. Additionally, stratified analyses by BPD diagnosis were performed. Results: The multivariate analysis showed significant higher z‐scores of FVC and FEV0.5 in preterm infants treated with caffeine (P=.004 and P=.024, respectively). This result only being significant in the group of non‐BPD infants (P=.021 and P=.042), after stratifying by BPD diagnosis. Differences were not found in z‐scores of FEV0.5/FVC, FEF75, FEF25‐75, FRCpleth, nor Crs. Conclusion: Lung function (FVC and FEV0.5) is improved in infants born under 31 weeks of gestation when treated with caffeine. This improvement is driven by the group of infants who did not suffer from BPD. Overall, our results show that there is an early beneficial effect of caffeine treatment in infant lung function.
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    Role of body mass index in unbalanced (dysanaptic) lung growth of healthy infants
    (Wiley, 2024-07-05) Sánchez-Solís de Querol, Manuel; Forno, Erick; Morales Bartolomé, Eva; García-Marcos Álvarez, Luis Vicente; The NELA Study Group; Cirugía, Pediatría y Obstetricia y Ginecología; Facultad de Medicina
    Rationale: Imbalance between forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) (dysanapsis) has been reported in children who are obese. This dysanaptic growth might begin at an early age, although there are no data on children younger than 6 years. Objetives: To assess whether body mass index (BMI) and early weight gain, in healthy infants born at term, plays a significant role in the imbalance between FEV1 and FVC, even in the absence of obesity. Methods: Lung function was measured by means of raised volume rapid thoracic compression in 69 healthy infants born at term from the Nutrition in Early Life and Asthma cohort. Dysanapsis was defined as zFVC >0.674, zFEV0 .5 ≥-1.645, and FEV0 .5/FVC ≤-1.645. Weight gain (g/day) and growth rate (cm/year) were calculated as the difference between weight and length on the test date and those at birth. To assess the relationship between zBMI and dysanapsis, a receiver operating characteristic curve was performed. Multivariable analysis was carried out by means of linear regressions (one for each lung function index) and by logistic regression for dysanapsis (yes/no). Results: Higher zBMI was associated with risk of dysanapsis (odds ratio: 3.53, [95% confidence interval: 1.30; 9.66]; p = .014): Each additional zBMI unit was associated with ~10 mL higher FVC and with ~3.5% lower FEV0.5/FVC. Weight gain was associated with lower FEV0.5/FVC ratio. Conclusion: Dysanaptic development of lung function begins very early in infancy and is related with weight gain and body mass index, even in the absence of obesity.