Browsing by Subject "Health behaviours"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Biased survival expectations and behaviours: Does domain specific information matter?
    (Springer, ) Costa-Font, Joan; Vilaplana Prieto, Cristina; Fundamentos del Análisis Económico
    We study the formation of biased expectations across domains and examine whether they have a unique infuence on health and fnancial behaviors. Combining individual-level longitudinal, retrospective, and end of life data from several European countries for more than a decade, we estimate the time-varying individual level bias in ‘survival expectations’ (BSE) and compare it to a similar type of bias in the formation of ‘meteorological expectations’ (BME). We exploit the variation across individual’s family history (parental age at death) to evaluate the causal efect of BSE on health and fnancial behaviors, and we compare it to the efect of BME. This allows to investigate whether the BSE efect is due to private information, or another mechanism. We fnd that BSE increases the likelihood of engaging in less risky health and fnancial behaviors. We estimate that a one standard deviation increase in BSE reduces the average individual probability of smoking by 48% (and increase the probability of holding retirement accounts by 69%). In contrast, BME has little efect on healthy behaviors, and is only associated with a change in some fnancial behaviors.
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    Open Access
    Dimensiones de autoeficacia para el ejercicio por tipo de actividad en adultas mayores independientes
    (Murcia: Servicio de publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia, 2020) Enríquez Reyna, María Cristina; Hernández Cortés, Perla Lizeth; Leyva Caro, José Alex; Peche Alejandro, Patricia; Molina Sánchez, Janeth Wendolyne; Moreno Pérez, Norma Elvira
    Se propuso analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Autoeficacia para el Ejercicio. Como objetivo secundario, se analiza la asociación de las dimensiones de la escala por tipo de actividad física en adultas mayores independientes de la comunidad. Investigación instrumental y empírica con dos muestras que suman 614 mujeres mayores (M= 70,27 años, DE= 6,3). Las participantes presentan independencia funcional e integridad cognitiva y son asistentes de clubes de adultos mayores del área urbana. Se aplicaron la Escala de Autoeficacia para el Ejercicio y el Cuestionario de Actividad Física de Adultos Mayores. Se utilizaron SPSS versión 21,0 y LISREL 8,80. La adaptación al castellano en esta población presenta cuatro dimensiones con propiedades psicométricas aceptables: estrés, demandas en competencia, influencias externas y el clima. Se presenta modelo de ajuste y propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Autoeficacia para el Ejercicio.
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    High educational attainment redresses the effect of occupational social class on health-related lifestyle: findings from four Spanish national health surveys
    (Elsevier, 2021-02-25) Moreno-Llamas, Antonio; García Mayor, Jesús; Cruz Sánchez, Ernesto de la; Actividad Física y Deporte
    Purpose: Social determinants as occupational social class or educational attainment might influence health outcomes. This phenomenon is known as the social gradient of health and is related to a skewed distribution of health behaviours that might explain differences in morbidity and mortality between social groups. But social class and educational attainment differ in their nature and might have distinct effects on health. Here we study the combined effect of educational attainment and occupational social class on health-related lifestyle. Methods: We retrieved data from four large-scale, national representative Spanish surveys (n = 67,171). A latent class regression analysis was run to identify clusters of health-related lifestyle behaviours. Clusters were made according to sociodemographic factors, including a combined analysis of education and occupational social class. Results: Higher educational attainment and occupational social class were associated with a healthier lifestyle for both sexes. The combined analysis of education and social class indicated that women with secondary education showed a high risk combination of unhealthy behaviours, as men with middle, primary or no education. Conclusions: Regardless of social class, a higher educational attainment redresses the effect of occupational social class on health-related behaviours. Our results suggest that education likely plays a crucial role in population health outcomes through its effects on lifestyle.