DigitalUM :: Browsing by Subject "Growth"

Browsing by Subject "Growth"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 21

Embargo
Analysis of the evolution of protected horticulture in Almeria Area: cycles, structure and growth
(International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS), 2001) Martínez-Paz, José M.; Martínez-Carrasco Pleite, Federico; Dios-Palomares, R.; Departamento de Economía Aplicada
Almería province is nowadays one of the most important production locations of vegetables in Europe. Its around thirty thousand hectares of greenhouses make this area one of the main supply locations for some of the early season produce. This work analyses the importance that horticultural production has in the economy of this province, in absolute and relative terms, carrying out a comparative analysis of structure and evolution of the sector in comparison with the rest of Spain. Then follows an analysis of the changes experienced by the sector as for their productive specialisation. To this respect, the present work proposes a study, applying the methodology proposed by Hodrick-Prescott (1997), about the historical evolution of the production of the vegetables in which Almería is specialised, therefore analysing the tendencies and cycles in the production series of the last two decades. Besides, with the estimate of log-lineal models we are able to define what have been the growth and the structure along that same period. Finally, as summary of these analyses, some conclusions on the trend, cycle and pattern of growth of the horticultural sector at Almería are drawn.
Open Access
Aspectos biológicos del organismo infantil de los 6 a los 12 años. Repercusiones sobre la actividad física
(Universidad de Zaragoza, Asociación Universitaria de Formación del Profesorado (AUFOP), 1992) Balague, Natalia
Existen diferencias entre la respuesta fisiológica al esfuerzo de la población infantil respecto a la población adulta que es necesario recoger en las programaciones de los docentes. El artículo revisa cuales son las diferencias más destacables y sugiere pautas de intervención basadas en los conocimientos actuales sobre el tema.
Open Access
Cadmium affects the regeneration of the leafy vegetable Talinum portulacifolium stem cuttings in nutrient solution
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2020) Muthukumar, Thangavelu; Dinesh-Babu, Selvam
Investigamos el efecto de varias concentraciones (0,0-5,0 ppm) de cadmio (Cd) en la capacidad de regeneración; las características morfológicas y la acumulación de Cd en los esquejes de tallo de la verdura de hoja Talinum portulacifolium cultivada en cultivo hidropónico. El Cd retrasó la brotación de los esquejes en un 7%, la callosidad en un 8% y el enraizamiento en un 38%. Las diferentes concentraciones de Cd afectaron significativamente a los pesos fresco y seco de las partes de la planta, excepto las raíces. La acumulación de Cd fue mayor en los tallos que en las hojas (2,22 vs 0,57 ppm). El índice de tolerancia calculado osciló entre el 59% y el 88%. Basándose en las observaciones, se concluyó que el Cd interfiere con la regeneración de los esquejes de tallo de T. portulacifolium e implica preocupación sobre el consumo y el uso terapéutico de esta hortaliza de hoja que crece en suelos contaminados.
Embargo
Defence Spending, Institutional Environment and Economic Growth: Case of NATO
(Taylor and Francis Group, 2017-11-24) Callado Muñoz, Francisco José; Hromcová, Jana; Utrero González, Natalia; Organización de Empresas y Finanzas
This paper analyses the impact of participating in a military alliance on the nexus between defence spending and economic growth. In particular, we study how the process of gradual association to a military organization influences the defence spending of newcomers, and consequently their economic growth. Conclusions from the theoretical model are tested empirically for countries in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Results show that the prospect of intensified military alliance partnership and membership has a positive effect on economic growth. In addition, increased security and stability gained by closer military cooperation reinforces the positive link with economic growth. Empirical evidence supports theoretical priors.
Open Access
Differences in weight, hierarchy, and incidence of lameness between two groups of adult pigs derived from assisted reproductive technologies
(MDPI, 2022-12-17) Romero-Aguirregomezcorta, Jon; Ramírez, Lisette L.; Ortin Bustillo, Alba; Ramis, Guillermo; Romar, Raquel; Coy, Pilar; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada
The in vitro production (IVP) and subsequent transfer of embryos (ET) to recipient mothers is not yet an established reproductive technology in the pig industry, as it is in cattle. However, that the trade of IVP-cryopreserved pig embryos is expected to start in the next decades. Society and governments are increasingly aware of the repercussions that IVP could have for animal health, welfare, behavior, or food safety, but proven scientific information for this type of animal does not exist, since no colonies of pigs have been created to this end. We created a small one and studied the differences between 16 IVP-derived pigs and 14 pigs derived from artificial insemination (AI), at 3.5 years of age, conceived from the same boar, and housed and fed under the same conditions since they were born. Incidence of lameness, position in the herd hierarchy, weight, adenosine deaminase activity, and hematological and biochemical analytes were compared between the two groups of animals. The results showed that the IVP animals weighed more, occupied higher positions in the herd hierarchy, and had a lower incidence of lameness. Although genetic differences from the maternal line could explain some of these results, it is also possible that the IVP animals developed better adaptative abilities, but more studies with a higher number of animals are necessary to reach consistent conclusions.
Open Access
Distribución de la aia-oxidasa y peroxidasa en hipocótilos etiolados de lupinus albus, L. Relación con el crecimiento
(Murcia: Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 1990) Sánchez Bravo, José; Nuñez, C.; Facultad de Biología
Se ha estudiado la actividad AIA-oxidasa y peroxidasa en extractos correspondientes a zonas con distinta localización en los hipocótilos etiolados de altramuz (Lupinus albus, L). En plantas de 9 días, con crecimiento activo, las actividades enzimáticas por g de peso fresco muestran una distribución decreciente desde el ápice, mientras que las actividades específicas presentan una distribución de campana, paralela a la del crecimiento. A los 15 días se aprecia una tendencia hacia una distribución uniforme de ambas actividades, como consecuencia de un descenso en las zonas apicales y un aumento en las basales. Las actividades por g de peso fresco se distribuyen de forma paralela al crecimiento, mientras que la distribución de las actividades específicas presenta oscilaciones, localizándose los valores más altos en la zona apical (con crecimiento ) y en la basal. Teniendo en cuenta estudios previos, se discute el papel de AIA-oxidasa en el control de los niveles de AIA durante el crecimiento de los hipocótilos de altramuz.
Open Access
Educación y medio ambiente: la importancia de las relaciones hombre-medio
(Universidad de Murcia, 1996) Benito Martínez, Juan
Para abordar la Educación Ambiental estimarnos que es preciso, previamente, reflexionar sobre las relaciones existentes y las relaciones alternativas posibles entre hombre y medio. Dada la amplitud conceptual concedida al medio en el mismo quedaría integradas así mismo las relaciones entre los hombres. Unas relaciones que vienen generalmente caracterizadas por ser conflictivas lo que debe comprenderse, desde una perspectiva positiva, como una oportunidad de replantearlas con la intención de ir superando las situaciones de desigualdad, explotación y de violencia hacia realidades más armónicas, justas y de paz.
Embargo
Effect of dietary fenugreek seeds on the antioxidant status of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.)
(Springer, 2024-10-17) Jiménez-Monreal, Antonia María; Guardiola, Francisco A.; Murcia Tomás, María Antonia; Ceballos-Francisco, Diana; Esteban Abad, María Ángeles; Martínez Tomé, Magdalena
The goal of this work was to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with fenugreek seeds on the oxidative status of gilthead seabream. Fish were fed four different diets for 8 weeks: three groups of fish were fed diets containing 1%, 5% or 10% (w/w) fenugreek seeds, while the control group was fed a diet without fenugreek. At the end of the experiment, the expression gene of the main antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione reductase) was measured in the fish liver. Supplementation with fenugreek seeds at 10% significantly increased the growth of fish while different effects on gene expression were detected. An increase in H2O2 and OH⋅ scavenging ability and oxidative stability was observed in fish fed fenugreek-supplemented diets. In the present study, an 8-week supplementation of the diet of gilthead seabream specimens with fenugreek seeds resulted in an improvement of fish growth and antioxidant status (ROS scavenging, catalase and oil oxidative stability). These results afford a new perspective on the use of spices with medicinal properties as a supplement in fish feed in order to improve their growth and antioxidant status.
Open Access
Effective use of glucose rather than starch in formulated semimoist diets of common octopus (Octopus vulgaris)
(Wiley, 2014-08-12) Sánchez Morillo-Velarde, Mª Piedad; Cerezo Valverde, Jesús; Aguado Giménez, Felipe; Hernández, M. D.; García García, Benjamín; Biología Celular e Histología
The aim of the present work was to test the capacity of Octopus vulgaris to use carbohydrates supplied in three diets: a diet without added carbohydrates (diet C0: 500 g kg−1 water, 200 g kg−1 gelatine, 100 g kg−1 egg yolk powder, 50 g kg−1 freeze-dried Sardinella aurita and 150 g kg−1 freeze-dried Todarodes sagittatus) and two obtained by substituting 50 g kg−1 of T. sagittatus by glucose (diet GLU50) or by starch (diet STA50). The most stable and best-accepted diet was STA50 (SFR 1.26%BW day−1) although there were no significant differences in the growth rates obtained with the three diets: 10.12 g day−1, 9.37 g day−1 and 11.22 g day−1 for C0, GLU50 and STA50, respectively (P > 0.05). The feed efficiency indices were better for GLU50, of particular note being the protein productive value of 71.88% and a feed conversion ratio lower than 1. Protein and lipid digestibility were similar in all the three diets (96–98% for proteins and 85–94% for lipids), whereas carbohydrate digestibility was higher in GLU50 (98%) than in C0 (84%) and STA50 (0.33%). The content of carbohydrates increased in muscle and the digestive gland as a consequence of the increased carbohydrates intake.
Embargo
Growth and digestibility of formulated diets based on dry and freeze-dried ingredients in the common octopus (Octopus vulgaris)
(Elsevier, 2012-11-24) Sánchez Morillo-Velarde, Mª Piedad; Cerezo Valverde, Jesús; Hernández, M. D.; Aguado Giménez, Felipe; García García, Benjamin; Biología Celular e Histología
We studied the growth of O. vulgaris and the digestibility of two semi-moist diets (50% water) based exclusively on dry and freeze-dried ingredients (Diet S: 20% gelatin, 10% egg yolk powder, 5% Sardinella aurita and 15% Todarodes sagittatus; and Diet P: the same as the previous diet but substituting T. sagittatus by pea). Both diets had a similar macronutrient composition (70–73% protein DW, 12–13% lipids DW), a firm texture when introduced into the water and good acceptability. Survival was 100% with both diets. The specific feeding rates were also similar for both diets (1.0% body weight/day; P > 0.05), although the best results were obtained with diet S, which was responsible for an absolute growth rate of 9.6 g/day and a feed conversion rate of 1.0, compared with the 2.2 g/day and 3.9 obtained with diet P; P < 0.05). The protein and lipid productive values were significantly higher for diet S than for diet P (43.6 and 13.3% vs. 20.2 and − 0.5%, respectively). The good results obtained with diet S may be explained by its greater digestibility (93.3% for dry matter, 97.0% for proteins and 87.9% for lipids) compared with the corresponding value for diet P (73.8%, 92.1% and 85.0%, respectively). The findings demonstrate that O. vulgaris can be fed with dry or freeze-dried ingredients that have undergone mild heat treatments since they lead to good growth, feed efficiency and digestibility. Future studies on octopus on-growing could use a similar base to that proposed in this paper to obtain diets with better acceptability, stability or nutritional composition for commercial purposes.
Open Access
Influence of the stocking density on the growth, feeding, survival rate and muscle cellularity of juvenile specimens of common name shi drum, Umbrina cirrosa L.
(Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI), 2020-01-19) Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; Molera, Ángela; García Alcázar, Alicia; Arizcun, Marta; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada
Common name Umbrina cirrosa specimens (mean weight 9.5 g, mean length 9 cm) were categorized in three densities (4, 9 and 15 kg m-3) in order to study the influence of stocking density on the growth, survival rate and feed conversion rates. The body and muscle parameters were studied at 0, 43 and 84 days of the experiment. After 43 days, the highest body parameters values (body length and weight) were found in specimens reared at 9 kg m-3, followed by the specimens reared at 4 kg m-3, showing the specimens reared at 15 kg m-3 the lowest growth. These results showed a negative effect of high density on the growth, being the intermediate density (9 kg m-3) the most favorable density for the growth at this stage. Muscle cellularity was different among the groups, being the hypertrophy values higher at high density of rearing (15 kg m-3) than at 4 and 9 kg m-3. In contrast, the hyperplasia was higher at 4 kg m-3 than in the rest of densities. The group reared at 9 kg m-3 showed intermediate values of hypertrophy and hyperplasia. At 84 days of the experiment, the muscle cellularity was similar at 4 and 9 kg m-3, this indicating a compensatory hypertrophic growth at 4 kg m- 3. The highest values of body weight were reached at 9 kg m-3. Moreover, the feed conversion rates and the percentage of survival rate were better at 9 than at 4 kg m-3
Open Access
Influence of two different competition models on physical performance in under-13 basketball players: analysis considering maturity timing
(MDPI, 2023-11-08) Birrento-Aguiar, Ricardo André; Arede, Jorge; Leite, Nuno; García-Angulo, Francisco Javier; Pino-Ortega, José; Ortega-Toro, Enrique; Actividad Física y del Deporte
The rules of team sport have been influenced by professional competitions without considering all the factors that differentiate children and adolescents from adults. The aim of this study was to analyse the performance of kinematic variables in two different types of tournaments and the influence of somatic maturation on performance in young basketball players. Thirty-seven under-13 male basketball players (age = 12.91 0.57 years) were selected by four southeast Spanish teams to participate in two different tournaments. On the first day, the tournament was played according to the rules of the Spanish Basketball Federation (FEB) for under-14 players, and on the second day, the tournament was played according to modified rules (Modified Tournament). In this tournament, the height of the basket was lowered to 2.90 m; the three-point line was a rectangle that was 4 m from the basket.The following kinematic variables were analysed: Acceleration (n), Deceleration (n), Maximum Acceleration Speed (km/h), Maximum Deceleration Speed (km/h), Acceleration Meters Covered (m), Deceleration Meters Covered (m), Number of Sprints (n), Sprint Meters Covered (m), Maximum Sprint Speed, and Player Load (n). The results showed no significant differences in player performance between the tournaments. However, significant differences in performance (p < 0.05) were found in players at different stages of maturation. Early maturity players showed the best performance in the kinematic variables in both tournaments; because of this, there should be a modification of the rules and organisation of competitions by bio-banding. It can be concluded that there were no significant differences in the kinematic variables between the two tournaments. However, when comparing maturation timing, there tends to be a group effect.
Open Access
Influence ofl low dietary inclusion of the microalga Nannochloropsis gaditana (Lubián 1982) on performance, fish morphology, and muscle growth in juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)
(MDPI, 2020-12-01) Ayala Florenciano, María Dolores; Galián, Carolina; Fernández, Victoria; Chaves-Pozo, Elena; García de la Serrana, Daniel; Sáez, María Isabel; Galafaz Díaz, Alba; Alarcón, Francisco Javier; Martínez, Tomás Francisco; Arizcun, Marta; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada
A 90-d feeding trial was conducted in which five groups of gilthead seabream (11.96 g initial body weight) were fed with a microalgae-free diet (control group, C) or four diets containing the microalgae Nannochloropsis gaditana at two inclusion levels (2.5% or 5%), either raw (R2.5 and R5 batches) or cellulose-hydrolyzed (H2.5 and H5 batches), to study their effect on the body and muscle growth. At 40 days, the highest values of body length and weight were reached in R5 group, but at 64 and 90 days, these were reached in R2.5. However, feed conversion rate, specific growth, daily intake, and survival (100%) were similar in all the groups. The acquisition of a discoid body shape was accelerated depending on the inclusion level of N. gaditana in the diets. Moreover, H5 diet affected the fish geometric morphology compared to R5 diet. The white muscle transverse area was similar in all groups at 40 days, with the exception of H2.5 group, which showed the lowest area. At day 90, C and R2.5 displayed the highest muscle growth, attributable to increased hyperplasia in C, and higher hypertrophy in R2.5. However, the highest proportion of small and medium fibers was observed in R5 and H5.
Open Access
Reproductive fluids, added to the culture media, contribute to minimizing phenotypical differences between in vitro-derived and artificial insemination-derived piglets
(Cambridge University Press, 2022) París-Oller, Evelyne; Soriano-Úbeda, Cristina; Belda-Pérez, Ramsés; Sarriás-Gil, Lucía; Canha-Gouveia, Analuce; Gadea, Joaquín; Vieira, Luis Alberto; García-Vázquez, Francisco Alberto; Romar, Raquel; Cánivas, Sebastián; Coy, Pilar; Fisiología
The addition of reproductive fluids (RF) to the culture media has shown benefits in different embryonic traits but its long-term effects on the offspring phenotype are still unknown. We aimed to describe such effects in pigs. Blood samples and growth parameters were collected from piglets derived from in vitro-produced embryos (IVP) with or without RF added in the culture media versus those artificially inseminated (AI), from day 0 to month 6 of life. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed on day 45 of life. We show here the first comparative data of the growth of animals produced through different assisted reproductive techniques, demonstrating differences between groups. Overall, there was a tendency to have a larger size at birth and faster growth in animals derived from in vitro fertilization and embryo culture versus AI, although this trend was diminished by the addition of RFs to the culture media. Similarly, small differences in hematological indices and glucose tolerance between animals derived from AI and those derived from IVP, with a sex-dependent effect, tended to fade in the presence of RF. The addition of RF to the culture media could contribute to minimizing the phenotypical differences between the in vitro-derived and AI offspring, particularly in males.
Open Access
Research progress on the correlation between platelet aggregation and tumor progression
(Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2024) Chen, Yuyu; Yuan, Jialong; Tang, Faqing; Liu, Qinglin; Huang, Hongjun; Liu, Huan; Liu, Hao
Platelets are generally considered as the main functional unit of the coagulation system. However, more and more studies have confirmed that platelets also have an important relationship with tumor progression. Tumor cells can utilize platelets to promote their own infiltration and hematogenous metastasis, and platelets are activated and aggregated in this process. Therefore, platelet aggregation may be a concomitant marker of tumor progression. This is of great significance for predicting tumor metastasis before timely treatments.
Open Access
Start-up conditions and the performance of women -and men- controlled businesses in manufacturing industries
(2010) Driga, Otilia; Prior, Diego
Recent research into the economic performance of women-controlled firms suggests that their underperformance may not be the result of differences in the managerial ability of women as compared to men, and that it may in fact be a consequence of differing levels of start-up resources. Using accounting data, we examine the effects that selected start-up conditions have had on the observed economic performance of a sample of 4450 Spanish manufacturing firms. The results, which indicate significant differences in the initial conditions and show lower levels of assets and employee numbers in women-controlled firms, have implications for the economic performance of such firms
Open Access
The effect of domestic effluent on growth and haematological parameters of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) (Pisces; Clariidae)
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2020) Adekilekun Kolawole, Asiata; Ataitiya, Reuben; Olawale Junaid, Quazim; Kolawole Mustapha, Abdur Rahman
Open Access
The impact of in vitro embryo production on placental and umbilical cord vascularization is minimized by the addition of reproductive fluids
(Elsevier, 2023-09-15) Párraga Ros, Ester; Álvarez Martín, Úrsula; Seva Alcaraz, Juan; Coy, Pilar; Romar, Raquel; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparada
Animals born from in-vitro-produced (IVP) embryos show changes in the placenta and umbilical cord vascularization. This study compares the placental and umbilical vascular morphometry in pigs (n = 19) born through artificial insemination (AI group) or after transfer of IVP embryos cultured with (RF-IVP group) or without (C-IVP group) reproductive fluids. The relationship between vascular parameters and animal growth during the first year of life was also analyzed. Samples were collected at birth, fixed, paraffin-embedded, cut in sections, stained, and photographed for vascular and morphometric analysis with ImageJ® and Slide Viewer®. The average daily weight gain was individually scored from birth to the first year of life. No differences were found in placental vascular morphometry among groups, except for the vascular area of small vessels (arterioles, venules, and small vessels) that was higher in the C-IVP group. Regarding the umbilical cord, the values for perimeter (AI: 26.40 ± 3.93 mm; IVP: 30.51 ± 4.74 mm), diameter (AI: 8.35 ± 1.01 mm; IVP: 10.26 ± 1.85 mm), area (AI: 43.18 ± 12.87; IVP: 56.61 ± 14.89 mm2), and Wharton's jelly area (AI: 36.86 ± 12.04 mm2; IVP 48.88 ± 12.80 mm2) were higher in IVP-derived than AI-derived animals, whereas arterial and venous morphometric data were similar between groups. A correlation study showed that placental and umbilical cord vascular phenotypes affect the further growth of pigs. In conclusion, assisted reproductive technologies impact small caliber vessels in the placenta and morphometric parameters in the umbilical cord. The addition of reproductive fluids in IVP-embryo contributes to reduce the differences with in vivo-derived animals.
Open Access
The Natural Resource Curse: An Analysis of the Dutch Case based on Sectoral Economies of Scale
(2012-02-24) María-Dolores Pedrero, Ramón; Morales, José Rodolfo; Fundamentos del Análisis Económico
This paper analyzes the curse of natural resources from a new approach, taking as reference object the economy of the Netherlands. It is shown how the deindustrialization process of an economy suffers as a result of the natural resource sector development, and how it may cause lower growth rates when the industrial sector has certain features. As a starting point, we proceed with an estimation of production functions for different sectors of the economy in order to quantify the economies of scale in each of them. Subsequently, by means of a constrained optimization model, a boom in the natural resource sector is simulated and the results obtained under different scenarios are discussed by comparing them with a base scenario. The results obtained suggest that the curse of natural resources can occur if the expansion of the natural resource sector is high, in this case being the lower economic growth rate. This curse could be mitigated by expanding the areas of high productivity in non-tradable goods. It is also noted that the higher the labour market rigidity the result it will be a lower economic growth rate, and a combination of these rigidities with a pronounced expansion in the resource sector could lead to further reductions in economic growth rates.
Open Access
Time, Quality and Growth
(2009-07-06T11:45:32Z) Alcalá, Francisco; Fundamentos del Análisis Económico
Consumption requires time. Also, higher-quality goods provide more utility per unit of time, though at a higher monetary cost. Since time is limited, higher income is decreasingly spent augmenting the quantity of consumption and increasingly spent upgrading its quality. After analyzing these consumer quantity/quality choices, the paper investigates its implications for growth. As a country develops, quality growth becomes increasingly important as a component of GDP growth. Furthermore, technical progress is increasingly quality-biased. Lower income inequality as well as progressive consumption taxes raise the scale of output while reducing average quality. This is positive for growth at early stages of development but may be negative at later stages. Results are broadly consistent with evidence on the composition of GDP growth, trade patterns of vertical specialization across countries, and the non-linearity of the impact of inequality on growth.