Browsing by Subject "Cattle"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    Domestic microwave processing for rapid immunohistochemical diagnosis of bovine rabies
    (F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2012) Abreu, Camila C.; Nakayama, Priscilla A.; Nogueira, Clayton I.; Mesquita, Leonardo P.; Lopes, Priscila F.R.; Varaschin, Mary S.; Seixas, Josilene do N.; Ferreira, Enio; Bezerra Jr, Pedro S.
    The present study describes the use of a microwave processing protocol for the rapid histopathological and immunohistochemical diagnosis of bovine rabies. Immunohistochemistry has been used for rabies diagnosis in formalin-fixed tissue with satisfactory results, although the time to diagnosis is considerably longer than that with direct immunofluorescence. The protocol provided a provisory histopathological rabies diagnosis in approximately three and half hours and the immunohistochemical diagnosis was available after six hours. The protocol achieved 100% correlation with direct immunofluorescence and is a promising method, particularly in situations in which only material in formalin is available for diagnosis or when the refrigeration or transportation of biological material is difficult.
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    Growth parameters and growth-related hormone profile in a herd of cattle up to 4 years of age derived from assisted reproductive technologies
    (MDPI, 2025-02-21) Heras García, Sonia; Sena Lopes, Jordana; Quintero Moreno, Armando Arturo; Romero Aguirregomezcorta, Jon; Cánovas Bernabé, Sebastián; Romar Andrés, Raquel; Coy Fuster, Pilar; Fisiología; Veterinaria
    Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are routinely used in livestock to generate animals of high genetic value. Despite representing an outstanding accomplishment, recent studies suggest differences in health, fertility, and gestational length of in vitro-produced compared to in vivo-derived animals. Currently, there are no data available on the long-term effects of ART on growth and development. This observational study aimed to understand the relationship between growth and growth-influencing hormones in a herd of cattle derived from artificial insemination (AI) or from in vitro-produced embryos either with BSA (C-IVP) or with reproductive fluids (RF-IVP) as a protein source in culture. Cortisol was associated positively with weight in AI and negatively with body length in males. Thyroxine decreased with age, and it was positively associated with thoracic circumference in RF-IVP. Insulin-like growth factor-1 was greater in RF-IVP than in C-IVP, and it was positively associated with body length and withers height. Growth hormone was greater in females than in males and RF-IVP compared to AI and C-IVP. In conclusion, we present here the first datasets on growth parameters and growth-influencing hormones in cattle from birth to 4 years of age without observing major evidence of differences depending on the embryo origin.
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    Histopathological alterations in the antral ovarian follicles in dairy cows with a tendency to emaciation
    (F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2012) Pivko, J.; Makarevich, A.V.; Kubovičova, E.; Ostro, A.; Hegedušová, Z.; Louda, F.
    The aim of the study was to define interrelationships between histopathological alterations in ovarian antral follicles and body condition in dairy cows with a tendency to emaciation (BCS 1 and 2) compared with dairy cows with normal body condition (BCS 3). The ovaries were recovered from slaughtered cyclic dairy cows (at the luteal phase of the cycle) of Czech Fleckvieh and Holstein breeds at different times of the post-partum period. The animals were estimated as belonging to certain grade of body condition score (BCS) according to a 5-point scale. Only dairy cows with BCS1 (emaciation; n=6), BCS2 (tendency to emaciation; n=5) and BCS3 (optimal body condition status; n=6) were available for the experiment. The ovarian samples were embedded into Technovit 7100 resin; the tissue sections were stained with buffered basic fuchsine with toluidine blue. For acidic mucopolysaccharides (aMPS) a combination of PAS-technique with Alcian blue was used. Histological analysis showed that emaciation was associated with an increased occurrence of late (cystic) and luteinization-related atresia in granulosa and theca cells and increased levels of aMPS in small atretic follicles. Our observations indicate that dairy cows with a tendency to emaciation (BCS 2) or emaciated (BCS 1) have elevated occurrence of late atresia and atresia with luteinization, while initial atresia is less. This expands our basic knowledge of ovarian histopathology providing new insight into the association of antral follicle atresia and body condition status in dairy cows
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    Histophilus somni: Pathogenicity in cattle. An update
    (Murcia, Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2010) Pérez, D.S.; Pérez, F.A.; Bretschneider, G.
    Histophilus somni (H. somni) is a Gram-negative bacterium currently classified as a member of the Haemophilus-Actinobacillus-Pasteurella group. Clinical syndromes associated with H. somni infection involve thromboembolic meningoencephalitis, pneumonia and disease of the reproductive tract in cattle. Animals can be carriers of non-pathogenic variants of the organism, mainly in the genital mucosa. The causes of these differences in virulence between strains are not defined. Several determinants of virulence of the pathogen are proposed. However, many of these factors cannot be clearly related to clinical disease. H. somni avoids killing by phagocytic cells. Thus, it is able to evade the immune response by intracellular survival in the infected host. The bovine adaptive immune response against H. somni is not completely characterized. IgG2 antibodies are thought to be protective. However, the major antigen determinants of the bacterium are still unknown. Studies with H. somni bacterins have inconsistent results, especially because the factors involved in pathogenesis and immune response remain unclear.
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    Prevalence of Mycobacterium avium Subsp. paratuberculosis in feral pigeons (Columba livia) associated with difficulties controlling Paratuberculosis in a bovine herd (Fighting Bull Breed)
    (MDPI, 2022-11-27) Sanes, J. Manuel; Mas, Alberto; Ramis, Guillermo; Párraga Ros, Ester; Sánchez Campillo, Joaquín; Seva Alcaraz, Juan; Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas
    A bovine herd with a high prevalence of paratuberculosis (PTB) cohabiting with a population of pigeons was studied (2011–2020). After finding the disease in 2011, annual monitoring was performed in 2012–2014 by obtaining blood samples for ELISA and intradermal tuberculinization (IT) tests for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). Positive animals were eliminated. PTB prevalence dropped from 10% to 0% but returned to similar values (9.5%) after 6 years without tests. In all animals, Ac values according to the optical density (OD) determined by ELISA increased each year and could be used to isolate herds close to the cutoff point to improve PTB control. Possible reservoirs were considered after evaluating the little success of the PTB control program, and the population of feral pigeons was studied. Specifically, 10% of the pigeon population (n = 13) was necropsied. Samples of intestine, feces, and foot skin for PCR study for MAP and samples of terminal intestine for histopathological analysis were taken. Eleven pigeons were PCR-positive against MAP, in the intestine (10/11), foot skin (3/11), and feces (1/11). The presence of MAP in pigeon feet could demonstrate its role as a mechanical disseminator of PTB, while the presence in pigeon intestine and feces could also suggest its role as a reservoir.