Browsing by Subject "Biomechanics"

Now showing 1 - 12 of 12
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    Análisis de las variables cinemáticas en la técnica del pateo en el fútbol a partir de criterios de eficiencia biomecánicos
    (Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2021) Camacaro, Marelvy; Colina, Alberto; Zissu, Mihai
    La presente investigación se realizó con el objetivo de analizar las variables cinemáticas que se manifiestan en la técnica del pateo en el fútbol a partir de criterios de eficiencia biomecánicos. Fue una investigación de nivel descriptivo, con un diseño de campo, basado en un estudio de caso con una atleta de 15 años. Se utilizó el método videográfico tridimensional (3D) con los enfoques: cuantitativo (programa “Human v 5.0”) y cualitativo (escala Likert). Se cuantificaron las variables cinemáticas mediante pre y pos test. Se establecieron criterios de eficiencia para optimizar variables biomecánicas en las fases: Preparatoria y Pateo.Así, se orientó el entrenamiento de la adolescente en función de fortalezas y debilidades identificadas desde la perspectiva biomecánica, lo que permitió optimizar la técnica de los miembros inferiores, dominante y no dominante. Entre otros resultados, destacó el aumento de sincronización y consecuente mejoría del patrón temporal de movimiento lo que facilitó la coordinación de impulso parcial, y por ende la transferencia de energía del cuerpo hacia el balón, incidiendo positivamente en la velocidad resultante, trayectoria y precisión del balón con lo cual aumentó la frecuencia del gol, hecho que incidió en el rendimiento y perfil de la joven, destacándose en la posición lateral con un manejo eficiente del balón por ambos perfiles.
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    Application of the laws of dynamics in physics for sports performance analysis
    (Servicio de Publicaciones. Universidad de Murcia, 2025) Thi Thu Ha, Nguyen; Sin departamento asociado
    The study aimed to investigate the relationship between applied force, body mass, and acceleration in sports, with the goal of improving athletic performance and reducing injury risks. The research was conducted at the Thai Nguyen University of Education, involving 35 Physical Education students who participated in movement tests such as vertical jumps, long jumps, and sprints. Data were collected on force, body mass, and velocity using force plates, high-precision scales, and speed sensors. The analysis revealed that an increase in push-off force significantly enhanced acceleration and velocity, while body mass influenced the amount of force required to achieve optimal performance. For example, in high jump, an optimal push-off angle between 120–130 degrees led to higher jump heights, and in sprinting, a stable forward-leaning posture improved acceleration. The study also highlighted the importance of optimizing technique, such as adjusting foot push-off angles and body posture. The integration of modern technology like Kinovea software for motion analysis provided valuable insights into movement efficiency and technique refinement. The findings indicate that applying Newton’s laws in sports can lead to significant improvements in force generation, acceleration, and overall performance. Additionally, biomechanical analysis tools enable personalized training strategies that optimize results and minimize injury risks.
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    Are we ready to measure running power? Repeatability and concurrent validity of five commercial technologies
    (Wiley, 2021-03) Cerezuela Espejo, Víctor; Hernández Belmonte, Alejandro; Courel Ibáñez, Javier; Conesa Ros, Elena; Mora Rodríguez, Ricardo; García Pallarés, Jesús; Actividad Física y Deporte
    Training prescription in running activities have benefited from power output (PW) data obtained by new technologies. Nevertheless, to date, the suitability of PW data provided by these tools is still uncertain. The present study aimed to: (i) analyze the repeatability of five commercially available technologies for running PW estimation, and (ii) examine the concurrent validity through the relationship between each technology PW and oxygen uptake (VO2). On two occasions (test-retest), twelve endurance-trained male athletes performed on a treadmill (indoor) and an athletic track (outdoor) three submaximal running protocols with manipulations in speed, body weight and slope. PW was simultaneously registered by the commercial technologies StrydApp, StrydWatch, RunScribe, GarminRP and PolarV, while VO2 was monitored by a metabolic cart. Test-retest data from the environments (indoor and outdoor) and conditions (speed, body weight and slope) were used for repeatability analysis, which included the standard error of measurement (SEM), coefficient of variation (CV) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). A linear regression analysis and the standard error of estimate (SEE) were used to examine the relationship between PW and VO2. Stryd device was found as the most repeatable technology for all environments and conditions (SEM ≤ 12.5 W, CV ≤ 4.3%, ICC ≥ 0.980), besides the best concurrent validity to the VO2 (r ≥ 0.911, SEE ≤ 7.3%). On the contrary, although the PolarV, GarminRP and RunScribe technologies maintain a certain relationship with VO2, their low repeatability questions their suitability. The Stryd can be considered as the most recommended tool, among the analyzed, for PW measurement.
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    Biomecánica aplicada a la técnica de salto de longitud de la medallista paralímpica Kiara Rodríguez
    (Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2022) Sangucho Hidalgo, Nelly Priscila; Rivadeneira Arias, Karla Natalia; Aguilar Morocho, Elva Katherine
    El atletismo es un deporte de tiempo y marca que se puede practicar de forma individual o por equipos y contiene varias pruebas. Algunas de ellas pueden ser adaptadas y generar participación como deportes paralímpicos. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar si la biomecánica puede lograr la mejora en la técnica de salto largo, de la deportista con discapacidad física. Para ello se estudió a la medallista paralímpica Kiara Rodríguez. Se evaluó la técnica de la ejecución de salto largo, a través del software Kinovea. La investigación fue descriptiva, analítica, y de tipo mixto, aplicando un análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo. Se utilizó el software SPSS para establecer el estadístico de normalidad y de prueba de Ancova, de lo cual se obtuvo un valor de anormalidad en los datos de la pierna de batida con una significancia de p=0.07. que es menor al 5%. En el análisis de la covarianza se obtuvo un valor de p asociado con f de 0.408, el cual es superior a 5%, por lo que f no es significativo, aceptando la hipótesis nula de que el gesto técnico de la atleta paralímpica Kiara Rodríguez es deficiente.
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    Biomechanical invasive reconstruction of the distal oblique band of the interosseous membrane with extensor carpi radialis longus in radioulnar instability: a new clinical therapy for athletes
    (2022-08-23) Giménez Ros, Alberto; Santonja Medina, Fernando; Calvo Guirado, José Luis; León Muñoz, Vicente Jesús; Martínez Martínez, Francisco; Cirugía, Pediatría y Obstetricia y Ginecología
    Distal Radioulnar Joint (DRUJ) instability is a pathology without a clear reconstructive procedure. Throughout history, numerous tech niques have been described whose objectives have been to increase stability as well as relieve pain. The main stabilizing element is the Tri angular Fibrocartilage Complex (TFCC) and, there are also secondary stabilizers among where the Distal Oblique Bundle (DOB) is consistent ly located. We performed a biomechanical study with three cadaveric arms to verify the influence of DOB on joint stability and performing a new reconstruction technique with hemi tendon of carpi radialis longus extensor to get distal radio cubital stability for fiber cartilage repair. There are positive results in the volar and dorsal displacement of the ulna on the radius with the reconstruction technique presented to restore joint stability. The proposed technique is a valid and biome chanically effective option to restore joint stability as a complement to the repair of the TFCC or as a unique technique if the TFCC is ir reparable. This technique became important when you cannot repair TFCC in athletes, the recommended alternative can be done and distal oblique soft plasty.
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    Effect of resistance training on the biomechanics and accuracy of serve receiving skills in volleyball
    (Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2022) Taha Idrees, Muna; Muhsun Yasir, Alaa; Mohammed Rashied, Jasim
    This study aimed to identify the effect of resistance training on the biomechanics and accuracy of serve receiving skills in volleyball. The research community was composed of 26 young volleyball players of Baghdad volleyball clubs. A total of 4 players were selected for the preliminary experiment, while 14 participants were recruited as the main sample for the study. In the present study, a set of resistance exercises were designed by the researchers for the volleyball players of the sample. Exercises were performed by the sample participants during the course of study. The biomechanical variables considered in the present study were: Preparation moment (shoulder joint angle, hip angle, knee joint angle), moment of propulsion (shoulder joint angle, hip angle, knee joint angle). Based on the findings of the present study, the researchers concluded that the resistance exercises had a positive impact on the biomechanics and accuracy of serve receiving skills in the participants.
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    Relationship between jumping abilities and skeletal muscle architecture of lower limbs in humans: systematic review and meta-analysis
    (Elsevier, ) Ruiz Cárdenas, J. D.; Rodríguez Juan, Juan José; Ríos Díaz, J.; Fisioterapia
    The aim of this study was to examine the influence of skeletal muscle architecture (SMA) features measured by 2-D ultrasonography on jumping performance in humans. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted, registry number: CRD42016043602. The scientific literature was systematically searched in eight databases, last run on March 14th, 2017. Cross-sectional studies focused on the association between SMA features and vertical jumping performance were selected. A random-effects model was used to analyze the influence of lower-limb SMA and maximal jump height. A total of 11 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis and 6 studies were selected for meta-analysis. 250 correlations were reviewed across studies. The vast majority were either not statistically significant (185; 74%), weak or very weak (169; 68%) for different jump modalities; counter-movement jump (CMJ), squat jump (SJ), and drop jump. There was insufficient data to perform meta-analysis on muscles other than vastus lateralis for CMJ and SJ. The meta-analyses did not yield any significant association between vastus lateralis SMA and SJ height. Only a significant overall association was shown between vastus lateralis thickness and CMJ height (summary-r = 0.28; 95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.05 to 0.48; p = .059) for a 90% CI level. No differences were found between summary-r coefficients for SMA parameters and jump height during both jumps (CMJ: χ2 = 2.43; df   = 2; p = .30; SJ: χ2 = 0.45; df = 2; p = .80) with a low heterogeneity ratio. Current evidence does not suggest a great influence of lower-limb SMA on vertical jumping performance in humans.
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    Relationship between power and isometric strength with the repeat sprint ability in male professional soccer players
    (2024) Vidal Maturana, Francisco; Gajardo Cid, Noé; Merino Muñoz, Pablo; Hermosilla Palma, Felipe; Valdés Badilla, Pablo; Herrera Valenzuela, Tomás
    The aim of this study was to relate variables of countermovement jump (CMJ) and isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) with the performance of the repeat sprint ability (RSA) in professional soccer players, as well as to determine the differences in CMJ and IMTP results according to the RSA performance. 54 professional soccer players were evaluated (mean age= 23.1 ± 5.1 years) in which the correlations were analysed through Pearson´s coefficient. Subsequently, the group was divided into above (SM; N=27) and below (BM; N= 27) the median according to RSA performance in three variables and the student´s t-test for independent samples was used. Significant (p ≤ 0.05) low to moderate correlations (r= -0.27; -0.30; -0.31; 0.46 y 0.42) were obtained in IMTP and CMJ variables with the RSA. Significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) from moderate to large in favour of SM were found in variables of power, contact time and peak relative force and significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) from moderate to large in peak force and dynamic streng
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    Running power meters and theoretical models based on laws of physics: effects of environments and running conditions
    (Elsevier, 2020-05-26) Cerezuela Espejo, Víctor; Hernández Belmonte, Alejandro; Courel Ibáñez, Javier; Conesa Ros, Elena; Martínez Cava, Alejandro; García Pallarés, Jesús; Actividad Física y Deporte
    Training prescription and load monitoring in running activities have benefited from power output (PW) data offered by new technologies. Nevertheless, to date, the sensitivity of PW data provided by these tools is still not completely clear. The aim of this study was to analyze the level of agreement between the PW estimated by five commercial technologies and the two main internationally theoretical models based on laws of physics, in different environments and running conditions. Ten endurance-trained male athletes performed three submaximal running protocols on a treadmill (indoor) and an athletic track (outdoor), with changes in speed, body weight, and slope. PW was simultaneously registered by the commercial technologies Stryd (StrydApp and StrydWatch), RunScribe, GarminRP and PolarV, whereas theoretical power output (TPW) was calculated by the two mathematical models (TPW1 and TPW2). Statistics included, among others, the Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) and standard error of measurement (SEM). The PolarV, and above all Stryd, showed the closest agreement with the TPW1 (Stryd: r ≥ 0.947, SEM ≤ 11 W; PolarV: r ≥ 0.931, SEM ≤ 64 W) and TPW2 (Stryd: r ≥ 0.933, SEM ≤ 60 W; PolarV: r ≥ 0.932, SEM ≤ 24 W), both indoors and outdoors. On the other hand, the devices GarminRP (r ≤ 0.765, SEM ≥ 59 W) and RunScribe. (r ≤ 0.508, SEM ≥ 125 W) showed the lowest agreement with the TPW1 and TPW2 models for all conditions and environments analyzed. The closest agreement of the Stryd and PolarV technologies with the TPW1 and TPW2 models suggest these tools as the most sensitive, among those analyzed, for PW measurement when changing environments and running conditions.
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    Sprint performance and mechanical outputs computed with an iPhone app: Comparison with existing reference methods
    (Wiley, 2017-05) Romero Franco, Natalia; Jiménez Reyes, Pedro; Castaño Zambudio, Adrián; Capelo Ramírez, Fernando; Rodríguez Juan, Juan José; González Hernández, Jorge; Toscano Bendala, Francisco Javier; Cuadrado Peñafiel, Víctor; Balsalobre Fernández, Carlos; Fisioterapia
    The purpose of this study was to assess validity and reliability of sprint performance outcomes measured with an iPhone application (named: MySprint) and existing field methods (i.e. timing photocells and radar gun). To do this, 12 highly trained male sprinters performed 6 maximal 40-m sprints during a single session which were simultaneously timed using 7 pairs of timing photocells, a radar gun and a newly developed iPhone app based on high-speed video recording. Several split times as well as mechanical outputs computed from the model proposed by Samozino et al. [(2015). A simple method for measuring power, force, velocity properties, and mechanical effectiveness in sprint running. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12490] were then measured by each system, and values were compared for validity and reliability purposes. First, there was an almost perfect correlation between the values of time for each split of the 40-m sprint measured with MySprint and the timing photocells (r = 0.989–0.999, standard error of estimate = 0.007–0.015 s, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 1.0). Second, almost perfect associations were observed for the maximal theoretical horizontal force (F0), the maximal theoretical velocity (V0), the maximal power (Pmax) and the mechanical effectiveness (DRF – decrease in the ratio of force over acceleration) measured with the app and the radar gun (r = 0.974–0.999, ICC = 0.987–1.00). Finally, when analysing the performance outputs of the six different sprints of each athlete, almost identical levels of reliability were observed as revealed by the coefficient of variation (MySprint: CV = 0.027–0.14%; reference systems: CV = 0.028–0.11%). Results on the present study showed that sprint performance can be evaluated in a valid and reliable way using a novel iPhone app.
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    The effect of biomechanical feedback on the accuracy of the long serve in badminton
    (Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2022) Abd Ali Jubair, Raghda; Shihab Jari, Huda
    The primary aim of the study was to find out the values of some biomechanical variables for the long serve skill in badminton and to identify the effect of biomechanical feedback on the performance of long serve. The present study had a single group, pre-post experimental study design. The research community was determined by the intentional method of one group with a pre-and post-test. The players of the Assyrian badminton club constituted the research community. A total of 12 players were present in the research community. The badminton players falling within the age group of 15-17 years for the season 2020-2021 were recruited as the participants for the study. A total of five players were selected as the participants of the study. Based on the findings of the present study, the researchers concluded that the biomechanical feedback effectively contributed through the educational curriculum in influencing the biomechanical variables and in improving the performance of the long-serve.
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    The importance of understanding kinesiology for gymnastics: A biomechanist's perspective
    (Universidad de Murcia: servicio de publicaciones, 2024) Al-Jaafre, Omar Jamil; Qawaqzeh, Saleh Salem Ali
    Kinesiology has progressed to become one of the most dynamic disciplines for studying and scrutinizing the various aspects of human bodily movement from a scientific perspective. The field has expanded into major areas of sports such as athletics, martial arts, gymnastics, and more. This study aimed to delve deeper into this subject and explore the importance of understanding kinesiology in gymnastics, as it provides a comprehensive context for studying such aspects. The primary goal was to assess the opinions of biomechanists to gain insight into the underlying factors. The study employed a quantitative design, using an original research approach to report findings on the current subject. A total of 36 biomechanists (29 malesand 7 females) participated in this study, and data were collected using a questionnaire. The questionnaireincluded demographic questions and 24 statements. These statements were developed based on extensive evaluations of kinesiology features and their associations or implications for gymnastics.The study outcomes revealed that, over time, gymnasts are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of having a solid understanding of kinesiology for analyzing human body movement patterns. They are optimistically applying this knowledge to optimize their training routines, use their energy and skills more efficiently, and ensure better performance and faster recovery from physical injuries when faced with such challenges